中学教师资格认定考试(初级英语学科知识与教学能力)模拟试卷31(

中学教师资格认定考试（初级英语学科知识与教学能力）模拟试卷

31 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. 单项选择题 2. 简答题 3. 教学情境分析题 4. 教学设计题 5. 阅读理解

单项选择题

1．According to the manner of the articulation, /l/ is considered to be the only______in English.

A．stop B．fricative C．approximant D．lateral

正确答案：D

解析：考查辅音的发音。根据发音方式，辅音可划分为塞音(stop)、鼻音、擦音(fricative)、近音(approximant)、边音(lateral)和塞擦音(affricate)等，／l／是唯一的边音。

2．Which of the following sentences is pronounced with a rise-fall tone? A．He won’t come home for lunch, will he? B．Have you finished your homework? C．Are you a student or a teacher? D．How are you?

正确答案：C 解析：考查语调。在选择疑问句中，语调为先升后降。故本题正确答案为C。

3．—Hello! International Peace Hotel. Can I help you? —Do you have a room with a single bed______for next Monday?

A．empty B．occupied C．vacant D．available

正确答案：D

解析：考查形容词辨析。这里问的是酒店有没有“还没被预订的房间”，available意为“可以得到的，没有被占用的”，作宾语补足语，符合题意，故选D。empty意为“空的，空洞的”，代入句中指房间里没有任何家具或用品，故排除。occupied意为“已占用的，在使用的，无空闲的”，与题意相反。vacant意为“空闲的，空缺的”，通常放在修饰的名词前面。

4．Five pilots landed J-15 fighter jets on the Liaoning, China’s first aircraft carrier______ the critics, who once described it as a shark without teeth.

A．about B．above C．against D．across

正确答案：C

解析：考查介词辨析。against作介词表示“反对，与……相反”，在这里是回击批评家的意思。其他三项均不符合句意。

5．They are good friends.______is no wonder that they know each other so well. A．This B．That C．There D．It

正确答案：D

解析：考查it作形式主语。通过分析句子结构，可知这个句子中包含一个主语从句，而主语从句位于句末，故需要it作形式主语。It’s no wonder that…意为“难怪……，……不足为怪”，其中的It’s也可省略，即只说No wonder that…。

6．If it______for his bad cold, Rick would have enjoyed more on his birthday party.

A．is not B．were not C．has not been D．had not been

正确答案：D

解析：考查虚拟语气。根据句子后半句中would have enjoyed结构可知是与过去事实相反，条件从句谓语结构为“had+过去分词”。句意为“如果Rick不是因为重感冒的话，他将会在他的生日聚会上玩得更好”。故选D。

7．_____he tried to cover the truth, it came out at last. A．No matter what B．Whatever

C．No matter how D．However hard

正确答案：D

解析：考查让步状语从句。句意为“不管他怎么努力掩盖事实，最终还是真相大白”。从句中不缺主语，也不缺宾语，所以不用whatever或no matter what

引导从句，however及no matter how引导让步状语从句时，从句要倒装，故选D。

8．______? —No. If you don’ t mind, I’ ve just come here for a rest. A．Do you serve B．Did you serve

C．Are you being served D．Have you been served

正确答案：D

解析：考查交际用语与时态。根据答句“不。如果你不介意的话。我只是想在这里休息一下”，可知问句是在询问顾客。A、B两项句子不完整；C项“你正在被服务吗?”不符合逻辑；D项“有人为您服务吗?”最符合题意。

9．Which of the following is a Suprasegmental feature? A．deletion B．voiced C．stress D．stop

正确答案：C 解析：考查超音段特征。超音段特征是指大于一个音位的语音单位所表现出来的音强、音长、音高等语音特征，主要包括音节(syllable)、重音(stress)、语调(intonation)及声调(tone)。故选C。

10．The function of the sentence “Australia lies in the southern hemisphere.” is______.

A．interrogative B．directive C．informative D．performative

正确答案：C

解析：考查语言的功能。语言的功能主要包括信息功能(Informative)、人际功能(Interpersonal)、施为功能(Performative)、情感功能(Emotive)及寒暄功能(Phatic)等。题干中的句子“澳大利亚位于南半球”，传递的是事实、信息，故选C。

11．Which of the following is most suitable for the cultivation of linguistic competence?

A．Sentence-making. B．Cue-card dialogue. C．Simulated dialogue. D．Learning syntax.

正确答案：A

解析：考查培养语言能力的手段。在四个选项中，“造句”是最适合培养语言能力的手段。

12．What learning strategy can the following activity help to train? Match the adjectives on the left with the nouns on the right.

A．Grouping. B．Collocation. C．Imitation. D．Imagery.

正确答案：B 解析：考查学习策略在教学中的运用。“将左边的形容词与右边的名词配对”训练的是词的搭配(collocation)。

13．When students learn “apple, orange”, the teacher gives students another word “fruit”. Which principle does the teacher follow in his/her vocabulary teaching?

A．Word-choice principle. B．Presentation principle. C．Culture principle. D．Systematic principle.

正确答案：D 解析：考查词汇教学的原则。系统性原则是指在词汇教学时要注意给学生展示词汇之间的系统性和联系性，如音形关系、形意关系、词形变化关系、反义词、同义词、上下位词等。题干中教师展示的词汇的上位词，故选D。A项指“词汇选择原则”，指选择目标词汇时，应当选择具有代表性的、能够用于其他活动的、经常出现的词汇。B项指“展示原则”，指展示新词时应当将其直观化、情景化和趣味化。C项指“文化原则”，是指语言是文化的载体，词汇结构、词义结构和搭配都应与该语言的文化相连。

14．In a listening class, a teacher asks students to listen to the material carefully and try to discriminate the speaker’s attitude towards lifelong learning. What sub-skill of listening is the teacher training?

A．Listening for gist. B．Word Guessing. C．Inferring.

D．Recognizing communicative signals.

正确答案：C

解析：考查听力技能教学。老师让学生做听力理解，并辨别说话者对终身学习的态度，由此可知老师是在训练学生通过听来理解说话者的意图、态度这一技能。A项“大意理解能力”，通常包括理解谈话或独白的主题和意图等；B项“词义猜测能力”，指借助各种技巧猜测谈话中所使用的生词、难词等未知表达方式

的能力；C项“推理判断能力”，指对谈话人之间的关系、说话人的意图、情绪、态度和言外行为等非言语直接传达的信息，通过推理判断其深层含义，进而理解说话人的意图、谈话人之间的关系、说话者的情感态度等的能力；D项“交际信息辨别能力”，包括辨别新信息指示语、例证指示语、话题终止指示语、语轮转换指示语等。故此题正确答案为C。

15．If a teacher attempts to implement the bottom-up model to teach listening, he/she is likely to present______.

A．new words after playing the tape B．new words before playing the tape

C．background information after playing the tape D．background information before playing the tape

正确答案：B 解析：考查听力教学模式。自下而上的听力教学模式强调语言知识对听力的影响。该教学模式主张在听力理解之前，安排适当的听力技能的训练以及词汇、语法知识的讲解。故选B。

16．A teacher lists twenty “simple present tense” sentences and asks students to discuss and find out the grammatical structures. What’ s the teacher’ s grammar teaching method?

A．Induction. B．Conduction. C．Construction. D．Deduction.

正确答案：A

解析：考查语法教学方法。教师让学生先接触含有语法规则的语境，然后根据上下文信息归纳出语法规则，这属于归纳法(the inductive method)。而演绎法(the deductive method)是教师先直接讲解语法规则，之后让学生运用规则进行练习。题干中教师先列出一些“一般现在时”例句，然后让学生通过讨论自己总结出语法结构，很明显他采用的是归纳法。故选A。

17．What is the teacher doing in terms of error correction?T: Does any of you have a pet at home? S: I have dog at home. T: Oh, I see you have a dog at home. Is your dog big or small?

A．Helping students do self-correction. B．Indirect correction. C．Tolerating correction.

D．Encouraging students to do peer correction.

正确答案：B 解析：考查纠错方法。这个例子中，教师并没有直接说出“You are wrong．”，而是间接纠正了学生的语法错误，以保护学生的自尊心和学习英语的积极性。

18．The one that does not belong to the approach to teaching reflection is______. A．teaching journal

B．audio or video recording of lessons C．action research D．teaching plan

正确答案：D

解析：考查教学反思的方法。教学日志、教学录音录像、行动研究都属于教学反思的方法，只有D项教案不是。

19．Which of the following activities is the most suitable for group work? A．Guessing game. B．Story telling. C．Information gap. D．Drama performance.

正确答案：D

解析：考查小组活动。四个选项中，最适合小组活动的是戏剧表演(drama performance)。

20．When students are doing activities, the teacher walks around and provides help if necessary, both in ideas and language. What role is the teacher playing?

A．Organizer. B．Assessor.

C．Resource-provider. D．Prompter.

正确答案：C

解析：考查教师角色。“教师在教室里走动，并给学生知识和语言上的帮助”体现了教师给学生提供资源上的帮助。organizer“组织者”，assessor“评价者”，resource-provider“资源提供者”，prompter“提示者”。故选C。

简答题

21．什么是课堂总结?它的作用是什么?请具体说出两种课堂总结方法并举例。

正确答案：(1)课堂总结是在完成教学任务的终了阶段，教师富有艺术性地对所学知识和技能进行归纳总结和转化升华的行为方式。它常用于课堂的结尾。(2)课堂总结的作用：①归纳总结。通过总结，可以使课堂上学到的知识系统化，利于突出重点、突破难点，引导学生整理、复习、巩固所学知识，并把新旧知识联系起来，形成知识结构，为后续学习奠定基础②引导探索。课程结束时，可在学生理解新课内容的基础上适当拓展知识面，引起学生更浓厚的兴趣．开拓创造

性思维；必要时可提出带有启发性的问题，设置悬念，引导学生课下探索答案。(3)课堂总结方法：①延伸法：将课内知识向课外知识延伸，拓展学生的知识面。新课程倡导对学生实际语言运用能力的培养。因此教师可以在课堂小结时巧妙设计一些课外活动题。比如人教版八年级上册Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?教给了学生如何制作奶昔、沙拉、爆米花、面条及三明治。通过学习，学生掌握了如何用英语描述制作食品。在课堂小结时可以给学生布置两个课外题——用英语描述制作粽子和用英语表达不同的烹饪方式，并且让学生在下节课进行比赛。很多学生通过课外查阅资料都获得了答案，虽然这些内容并不是书本上的知识，但通过探究，学生的视野及知识面都得到了拓宽。②悬念法：在老师帮助学生梳理完知识点后根据课文内容提出疑问，让同学们带着思考问题离开课堂。因为课堂的结束并不是完结，而是一个新的开始，此种方法还有利于下一节课的教学，可帮助老师顺利导入新课。比如人教版七年级下册Unit 12 Don’t eat in class．Section B第一节课后，教师可以用下列话语设置新的悬念：“Today we talked about everyone’s family rules．We see they sometimes help but sometimes annoy us a lot．And there is a girl called Zhao Pei who has the same problem．What are her family rules? Does she like them or hate them? What will she do with them? We will read her story tomorrow．”以提问的方式引起学生们的好奇心，让他们进行思考，为下堂课的学习做铺垫。

教学情境分析题 22．下面是某教师在写作课中的教学实录。 (1)教师布置任务。 T：Now you are going to write a short passage about your new teacher．And you have learned a text about new teachers，right? Have you found a lot of useful words from the text? Now I’ll give you a few minutes to find words that you will use to describe your new teacher. Then I will ask one of you to come to write down the words on the blackboard． (2)学生A到前面白板上写，其他同学在下面写。过程中教师能与个别学生交流。 (3)学生A写完后，教师引导学生看学生A写的单词。 T：Maybe you have found your words．Now let’s see A’s words．There can also be phrases，or even sentences． 然后教师开始与学生A交流其所写内容，如第一个是first impression，问学生是否要用到first impression(Do you use this to describe your new teacher?) (4)邀请更多的学生说出自己找出的单词，并与学生就其所给单词进行交流，问学生如何使用所选单词。 (5)最后教师总结。 根据上面的信息，从下面三个方面作答： (1)教师在布置任务阶段采用了什么方式让学生获取可用的词汇? (2)评析该教师在布置任务阶段的组织者作用。 (3)本案例中教师的反馈有哪些需要注意的地方?

正确答案：(1)教师在布置任务阶段采用头脑风暴的方式获取可用的词汇。(2)头脑风暴活动中的主角应该是学生，而不是教师，应该给学生适当的时间讨论。本活动中教师能够给学生一定的时间找出可以用来描述教师的词语是可取的，为了反馈的方便，找一名学生到白板上写也可以提高教学效率，都是可以借鉴的，符合教学策略的要求。(3)反馈的方式会影响学生的参与。一般来说，反馈的时间要短，不能用反馈代替活动本身。本案例中，教师反馈时能让学生解释如何使用词语，这对写作是有帮助的。点评完一个学生的回答后，请其他同学补充也是

合适的。但是，反馈时只是与一个学生交流，其他学生没有任何任务，不利于活动的开展。如果是先带领学生归纳总结词汇，然后再分析词语的应用，效果会更好；如果不仅仅是教师自己点评，而是邀请学生发表自己的意见，离发学生的思维，激发学生参与的积极性，则能取得更好的效果。

教学设计题

23．设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计20分钟的英语写作教学方案。教案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点： teaching objectivesteaching contentskey and difficult pointsmajor steps and time allocationactivities and justifications 教学时间：20分钟 学生概况：某城镇普通中学初中一年级学生，班级人数40人。多数学生已经达到《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》二级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。 语言素材： Write your own note to a friend. Invite him/her to an activity in your school. Use the questions to help you. 1 .What’ s your friend’ s name? 2.What does your friend like to do? 3.What activity do you have in your school? 4.When is the activity?

正确答案：Teaching Contents: Writing a note of invitation to a friend. Teaching Objectives:(1) Knowledge objectiveStudents will master some expressions about school activity and know how to invite others.(2) Ability objectiveStudents will learn how to write a note of invitation and improve the ability of writing.(3) Emotional objectives① Students will learn to love their school life.② Students will be more interested in writing in English.Teaching Key Points:① Students are able to collect information about school activity.② Students can master the methods and procedures of writing a note of invitation.Teaching Difficult Point:Students can organize gathered information into a whole complete passage.Major Steps:Step 1 Pre-writing (6 minutes)(1) Ask students to read four questions, and learn the purpose and main ideas of this writing activity.(2) Choose a kind of school activity, and ask students to talk about the relative information to answer the four questions. Collect students’ idea and give an example on the blackboard.For example:Dear Alan,Do you like sports? Do you have a basketball? Please come to my school next week. We have a basketball game. It is on September 28th. See you there! Guo Peng(Justification: Students can be well-prepared for the while-writing part, and start their own writing easily.) Step 2 While-writing (8 minutes)(1) DraftingAsk students to write down their own note of invitation (within 100 words) to their friends based on the answers of four questions.(2) Peer editingAfter drafting, students are asked to exchange their notes and find out some mistakes in the writings. Also, they can underline the beautiful sentences.(Justification: Students can practice their writing skills and learn from each other.) Step 3 Post-writing (6 minutes)(1) Sharing the writingAsk some students to share their writings, and give some evaluations and suggestions about their writings.(2) RevisingGive students some time to revise their writings based on the learning activities above. (Justification: Students can find their disadvantages in writing and get to know how to correct them.)

阅读理解

There are people who are especially attracted to the notion of “climbing the ladder” so as to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth. In part, as a result of the work ethic, these people are internally “driven” to work. Not infrequently, foreign visitors have observed that Americans spend an inordinate amount of time working and, as a consequence, Americans have little time for leisure or personal relationships. In American English a new word “workaholic” has been created to describe an individual who is as addicted to work as an alcoholic is to liquor. There are conflicting points of view about workaholics. Those concerned with problems of mental stress believe workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally. Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive. The Americans culture values achievement, efficiency, and production—a workaholic supports these values. Despite the presence of workaholics, there is a growing realization in the United States that excessive work demands can be physically and mentally harmful. Many people have been rebelling against the work ethic, claiming that when a job is so important, personal relationships suffer and relaxation becomes secondary. Consequently there has been a shift in values, with more emphasis being given to personal relationships and non-work activities. Increased leisure time in the United States has not changed the idea that work and play are distinct activities. “There is a belief that it is desirable” to work hard and play hard, and undesirable to combine the two. In many offices, stores and factories socializing among employees is discouraged. An employee under pressure at work often cannot afford to respond to social calls and visits. However, the amount of personal contact on the job depends on the nature of the work. People are ambivalent toward work; it is, at the same time, glorified and belittled. In the words of former President Richard Nixon: “The ‘work ethic’ holds that labor is good in itself; that a man or woman becomes a better person by virtue of the act of working. America’s competitive spirit, the ‘work ethic’ of this people, is alive and well ...” Another viewpoint is expressed in an Anacin commercial: “I like my job and am good at it, but it sure grinds me down sometimes, and the last thing I need to take home is a headache.”

24．An individual who is addicted to work is______. A．a drug addict

B．a compulsive worker

C．an alcoholic (drinks too much alcohol) D．a competitive worker

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。根据短文第一段前两句“There are people who are especially attracted to the notion of‘climbing the ladder’so as to increase their status，financial position，and sense of self-worth．In part，as a result of the work ethic，these people

are internally‘driven’to work．”可看出有些人深受“climbing the ladder”观念影响，目的是提高社会地位、经济地位和自我价值，所以他们受自身驱使而工作(internally“driven”to work)。故选B。

25．The author states that workaholics______. A．abuse themselves physically and mentally B．are highly productive members of society C．torture themselves physically D．both A and B

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。作者在第二段指出对于workaholics，人们有两种不同的观点。一种观点认为“workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally”；另一种观点则认为“workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive”。故选D。

26．Why have some people begun to place less emphasis on work and more on non-work activities?

A．Because they realize that work is not useful.

B．Because they realize that leisure time should be enjoyed.

C．Because they realize that excessive work demands can be harmful to their health.

D．Because they realize that having friends is not as necessary as working.

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。根据短文第三段第一句“there is a growing realization in the United States that excessive work demands can be physically and mentally harmful．”可知人们开始意识到过度的工作会对健康造成危害。故选C。

27．The reason why some people don’t socialize with their co-workers on the job is that

A．they consider work and play separate activities

B．they have nothing in common with their fellow workers

C．they feel that socializing with them well create problems at home D．they feel that socializing with them may result in emotional problems

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。短文第四段开头指出“the idea that work and play are distinct activities．”，意为人们认为工作和娱乐是两个独立的活动。故选A。

28．The difference between Nixon’s view of work and the view expressed on the TV commercial for Anacin is that______.

A．the former is true; the latter is false

B．the former is a fact; the latter is an opinion

C．the former is a glorification of work; the latter is not D．the former is an opinion; the latter is a fact

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。短文最后一段指出“People are ambivalent toward work；it is，at the same time，glorified and belittled.”，即有人赞扬工作，有人轻视工作。接着就列举了Nixon的观点和Anacin这种药的广告词来阐释这两种对工作的看法。故选C。

Come on—Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good— drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word. Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of examples of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIY-prevention initiative known as loveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers. The idea seems promising, and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many public-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology. “Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!” pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers— teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure. But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as its presented here is that it doesn’ t work very well for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the loveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed. There’ s no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits—as well as negative ones—spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day. Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. It’s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.

29．According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as______. A．a supplement to the social cure B．a stimulus to group dynamics C．an obstacle to social progress D．a cause of undesirable behaviors

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。第一段中有一句“It usually leads to no good—drinking，drugs and casual sex”，句中usually与题干中的often对应，leads to与D项中的cause对应，drinking，drugs and casual sex与D项中的undesirable behaviors对应，故D项“不良行为的诱因”正确，它是对原文的同义替换。A项和B项都是罗森伯格的新观点。C项是针对文章最后一段出的干扰项，且属于过度推断。

30．Rosenberg holds that public-health advocates should______. A．recruit professional advertisers B．learn from advertisers’ experience

C．stay away from commercial advertisers D．recognize the limitations of advertisements

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。根据第三段中的“Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers，so skilled at applying peer pressure”可知，B项说法正确。C项和D项与原文中罗森伯格对广告人的态度不符；A项原文没有提及。

31．In the author’ s view, Rosenberg’s book fails to______. A．adequately probe social and biological factors B．effectively evade the flaws of the social cure C．illustrate the functions of state funding D．produce a long-lasting social effect

正确答案：A 解析：细节题。根据第四段中的“Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful”可知，该书没有充分探索那些使同侪压力如此强大的社会和生物因素，故A项符合文意。B项原文未提，C项和D项是文中另外两个活动失败的原因。

32．Paragraph 5 shows that our imitation of behaviors______. A．is harmful to our networks of friends B．will mislead behavioral studies C．occurs without our realizing it D．can produce negative health habits

正确答案：C 解析：细节题。根据第五段中的“we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day”可知，我们会无意识地模仿日常所见到的行为，C项与原文说法相符。A项属于过度引申；B项原文没有提及；D项属于以偏概全。

33．The author suggests in the last paragraph that the effect of peer pressure is______.

A．harmful B．desirable C．profound D．questionable

正确答案：D

解析：态度题。harmful“有害的”，desirable“可取的”，profound“深刻的”，questionable“有疑问的，可疑的”。最后一段第一句话指出，专家和政府官员能在多大程度上选择我们的同侪群体并能引导其行为走上正确的道德方向是难以确定的(far less certain)，接下来以教师让捣蛋鬼们换座和好学生坐在一起为例子说明这个策略从来没有真正起作用。从这里我们可以看出，作者对于同侪压力的效果其实是持怀疑态度的，故选D。