大学英语六级-66

(总分：710.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、Part Ⅰ Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)

1.1. 大学生在选择职业时有很多困惑； 2. 造成困惑的原因是…… 3. 大学生应该怎样面对职业困惑。

（分数：106.50）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(

How to Avoid Career Confusions

Even at the time of graduation, many college students may still not be sure what kind of job they really want to do. There are so many confusions in their mind. One of these confusions is about stability. Should they choose a stable job with little freedom of creativity or a challenging but inspiring job? Another confusion is about interests. Should they find a job which provides good welfare at the expense of interests, or should they choose a job they like but with less decent salary?

Several reasons are behind those above confusions. The social values have a gear impact on the youngsters' choices. Right now, there is a trend of pursuing stability and high payment in society. Stability and high payment have become two of the most important standards for gaduates to choose a job. Besides, another reason why some youngsters give up their interests when seeking for jobs is that some of the jobs cannot provide them with what they deserve.

My opinion is that college students should choose a job they enjoy doing. When doing a job a person really likes, he or she would be full of energy and creativity. As a person commits himself to the job, payment would finally be satisfying, materially and mentally.) 解析：

二、Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)

（分数：35.50）

(1).A. They'll keep in touch during the summer vacation. B. They'll hold a party before the summer vacation. C. They'll do odd jobs together at the school library.

D. They'll get back to their school once in a while.（分数：7.10） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[听力原文]

W: Hey, let me know how your summer's going! I'll miss you guys while I'm working here in the library.

M: I'll be working, too! But I'll send you an email or call you once in a while. When we all get back to school, we can have a party or something. Q: What do we learn about the two speakers?

[解析] 选项是关于两个说话者夏季将要做的事。女士说，她假期要在图书馆工作，但她会想念大家的。男士说他也要工作，但他会给女士时不时发邮件或打电话。B、C的陈述都有小错误，与事实不符；D没有提到，所以通过email，call等关键词可选出答案A。 (2).A. The man has finished his term paper. B. The man wishes he had done better this term. C. The man still has not finished his paper.

D. The man wished the woman would help him.（分数：7.10） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[听力原文]

W: Are you through with the term paper? M: I wish I were.

Q: What can we infer from the conversation?

[解析] 选项是关于男士的陈述。女士问男士有没有完成学期论文，男士用了虚拟语气I wish were，由此可推断男士还没有完成，故选C。 (3).A. Read the paper. B. See a film.

C. Have dinner in town. D. Stay at home.（分数：7.10） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[听力原文]

W: It's a shame to spend Saturday evening at home. Let's go to the movies now.

M: That's exactly what I have been thinking about. Let me get the paper and see what's on tonight. Q: What are they going to do?

[解析] 选项是关于两个说话者要去做的事。女士说周六待在家很可惜，建议去看电影go to the movies。男士说这也是他想做的。因此选B。

(4).A. It is being forced out of the entertainment industry. B. It should change its concept of operation. C. It should revolutionize its technology.

D. It is a very good place to relax.（分数：7.10） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[听力原文]

M: Do you think digital players will replace movie theaters and force them out of the entertainment business?

W: We are certainly faced with the grave challenge from internet industry. That's why I think we have to revolutionize our concept of movie showing. As I see it. the movie theater should not just be a place to watch film, but a place to meet people. Q: What does the woman think of the movie theater?

[解析] 选项中的it指的是电影院。男士问女士是否认为数字播放设备会取代电影院并使其退出娱乐业。

女士说确实面临着互联网行业的挑战，因此应革新电影放映观念。电影院不应只是看电影的地方，还应是可以让人们见面的地方。因此选B，电影院应改变经营理念。 (5).A. A doctor. B. A hairdresser.

C. A policeman. D. A driving instructor.（分数：7.10） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[听力原文]

W: Why have we stopped, Mr. Smith?

M: Well, Mrs. Brown, you are not using your mirror enough. You must check in the mirror before you pull out. But after all, this is only your second lesson. You are doing fine. Q: What is the man's job?

[解析] 选项是关于职业身份的问题。女士问为什么停下来。男士说女士没有正确运用镜子。在车开出前要先在镜子中确认。因此，可判断男士的工作是驾驶教练，故选D。 （分数：21.30）

(1).A. He seldom takes things seriously. B. He is very proud of his piano skills. C. He has just started to teach piano lessons.

D. He usually understates his achievements.（分数：7.10） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[听力原文]

W:I was amazed when I heard Tony played the piano so expertly. From the way he talked, I thought he was just starting his lessons.

M: Oh, no. That's the way he always talks.

Q: What can we infer about Tony from the conversation?

[解析] 选项中的he指的是Tony。女士说自己听到Tony弹钢琴如此专业感到很惊奇，从Tony谈话来看，她以为Tony只是刚开始学习呢。男士说那是Tony一贯的说话方式。因此，可推断Tony总是对自己的成就很谦虚，选D，其他选项与原文意思不符。

(2).A. Go to an art exhibition. B. Dine out with an old friend.

C. See his paintings on display. D. Attend the opening night of a play.（分数：7.10） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[听力原文]

M: Hi, Donna, are you interested in going to an Art Exhibition on Sunday? A friend of mine is showing some of her paintings there．It's the Opening Night. Free drinks and food. W: Well, actually, I don't have anything planned. It sounds kind of fun。 Q: What did the man invite the woman to do on Sunday?

[解析] 选项是关于两个说话者要去做的事。男士问女士是否有兴趣周日去参加一个艺术展览，他的一个朋友要展出一些绘画作品。女士说她没什么计划，去展览应该很有趣，故选A。

(3).A. He can't afford to play for four hours a day. B. He finds it easy to improve his English. C. He is rejecting the woman's advice.

D. He will spare no efforts to improve his English.（分数：7.10） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[听力原文]

W: Now，you want to improve your English. If I were you, I'd study for four hours every night. M: That' easier said than done. You see. I haven't got that much time to spare. Q: What can be implied about the man in the conversation?

[解析] 选项是关于对话中的男士。女士说如果她是对话中的男士的话，她每晚会花四小时学习英语。男士说“说比做容易”，他没有那么多时间，因此可推断他拒绝了女士的建议。选C，其他选项均与对话内容不符。

（分数：21.30）

(1).A. He can't sleep very well. B. His wrist and toes ache. C. His knees and fingers ache.

D. His blood pressure is high.（分数：7.10） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[听力原文]

W: Hello, I'm Jenny Johnson. How are you this morning?

M: Hello, Doctor Johnson. I can't say I'm feeling well. I have a pain and swelling in my knee. W: What kind of pain is it?

M: It is a dull ache. But sometimes the pain is constant, and disturbs my sleep. W: How long have you been feeling pain in your knee?

M: For about two years. But recently, I feel pain in my fingers. W: Have yon had any swelling in your fingers? M: Yes, a little.

W: How about your wrist or toes?

M: No, only my knees and fingers. The pain becomes worse when the weather changes, like in cloudy or wet weather.

W: OK. Let me see your blood test report first. M: How is it? W: Not very bad.

M: Do I have to have an operation?

W: No, I don't think so. I'll prescribe some Chinese traditional medicine. Also you need a treatment with rays below the red in the spectrum.

M: Do I have to come here every day for the treatment?

W: Not every day. Can you come three times a week? A course of treatment includes 20 times, so you have to come for the treatment 3 times a week for 7 weeks. M: How long does each treatment take? W: 30 minutes. M: OK. I'll do that.

W: When you are at home, use these hot water pads as often as possible. Put it over your knee. Try to avoid using cold water. M: OK. Thank you, Doctor. W: You're welcome.

What is the problem with the man?

[解析] 选项是关于疾病的。对话一开始男士就说他的膝盖既疼又肿。之后又提到了手指也疼。 (2).A. She asks him to have injections. B. She asks him to have an operation. C. She asks him to have a good rest.

D. She asks him to have some herb medicine and a treatment with rays.（分数：7.10） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[听力原文]

How does the woman treat the man's problem?

[解析] 选项是关于治疗方法的。医生看了验血报告后认为病人不需要手术，她会开一些中药，并让病人进行理疗。

(3).A. He should often warm his knees up by using hot water pads. B. He should warm himself up by sitting by the stove. C. He should drink cold water.

D. He should often take cold baths.（分数：7.10） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[听力原文]

What does the doctor suggest the man do at home?

[解析] 选项是关于医生建议男士在家应该做的事。对话结尾处医生建议男士经常用热水袋热敷膝盖，并且避免使用凉水。 （分数：28.40）

(1).A. All students pay the same amount per year.

B. Students choose how many meals a week they will pay for. C. Students get money back for meals they don't eat. D. Some students get free meals.（分数：7.10） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[听力原文]

M: Hey, Linda, did you get that letter about the new options for food service next year? W: Not yet. Are there a lot of changes?

M: There sure are. Instead of paying one fee to cover all meals for the whole school year, we are now able to choose by seven, ten, fourteen or twenty-one meals per week. They give you a card with the number of meals you get for a week marked on it.

W: That's a big change, Tom. And a complicated system.

M: Yeah. But it will be much better for people who don't eat three meals a day, seven days a week in the cafeteria, because they don't have to pay for meals they don't eat. W: So what's the deal for those who do eat at school all the time?

M: It's better for them too. Because the more meal you contract for, the cheaper each one is. W: I see. It still sounds rather complicated.

M: True. It took me several hours to figure it out. I decided to go with the ten meals. W: Why is that?

M: Well, I never eat breakfast and I often go away on weekends. So the ten meal plan gives me lunch and dinner each weekday at a fairly low price. And I won't be paying for meals I don't usually eat.

W: And what about the weekend when you are on campus?

M: Well, there are often guests on campus at weekends. So they allow you to buy single meals on a walk-in basis on Saturdays and Sundays. The price per meal is much higher in that way. But I am away so much that it will still he less money for me to pay single prices on the weekends rather than sign up for the fourteen meal a week plan.

W: Oh, I guess I'll have to sit down and figure out my eating pattern so I can get the best deal.

What's the main feature of the new method of paying for meals?

[解析] 对话一开始就讲到学生们不再需要一次性付清整学年的餐费，而是可以自主选择每周吃七餐、十餐、十四餐或者二十一餐。其他选项对话中均没有涉及。 (2).A. When they get the meal. B. At the beginning of the week. C. At the beginning of the year. D. At the end of the year.（分数：7.10） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[听力原文]

When do the students pay for the meals they contract for?

[解析] 选项是关于时间的。此问题是问学生什么时候支付餐费。从对话开头我们可以知道学校就下一学年餐费问题发了一封信，所以可推断学生在学年开始就要决定就餐形式并付费。 (3).A. They can invite guests to meals at a reduced price. B. They receive cards that allow them to be served first. C. They can help decide what will be on the menu.

D. They pay less per meal than those who eat there only part of the time.（分数：7.10） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[听力原文]

How does the new plan benefit the students who eat all their meals at the school cafeteria?

[解析] 选项是关于学生就餐权力的。问题是有关每顿饭都在学校餐厅就餐的学生可得到哪些好处。对话中谈到，就餐次数越多，则每餐越便宜，因此可推断他们比那些只是部分就餐的同学每餐饭需支付的费用更少些。选D，其他选项均没涉及。

(4).A. By paying for meals one at a time. B. By borrowing a student's meal card. C. By ordering their meals in advance.

D. By buying a weekend meal card.（分数：7.10） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[听力原文]

How can weekend guests eat at the cafeteria?

[解析] 问题是周末的访客如何就餐。对话末尾提到因为周末学校的访客较多，所以学校餐厅允许单独点餐。

四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：28.40)

（分数：28.40）

(1).A. The workers on the underground platforms were replaced by machines. B. It became the first completely automatic railway in the world. C. A completely automatic line was added to its network. D. Its trains became computer-controlled.（分数：7.10） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[听力原文]

The world's first completely automatic railway has been built under the busy streets of London. The railway is called the Victoria Line, and it is part of the complete London underground railway. The new Victoria Line was opened in 1969. This new line was very different from the others. The stations on the other lines need a lot of workers to sell tickets, to check and to collect them when people leave the trains. This is all different on the Victoria Line. Here a machine checks and collects the tickets, and there are no workers on the platforms. On the train, there is only one worker. If necessary, this man can drive the train. But usually he just starts it; it runs and stops by itself. The trains are controlled by electrical signals which are sent by the so-called \"command spots\". The command spots are the same distance apart. Each sends a certain signal. The train always moves at the speed that the command spots allow. If the command spot sends no signals, the train will stop. Most of the control work is done by computers. The computers also fix the train's speeds, and send the signals to the command spots.

Other machines make sure that the trains are always a safe distance apart. One train may stay too long at a station; the other trains will then automatically move slower. So there is no danger of accidents on the line.

What happened to the London underground railway in the late 1960s?

[解析] 关键词是late 1960s，文章中讲到1969年全自动的维多利亚地铁线开放，而维多利亚线是伦敦地铁的一部分。

(2).A. A platform worker. B. The command spot. C. A computer. D. A machine.（分数：7.10） A. B. C.

D. √

解析：[听力原文]

On the Victoria Line．who does all the checking and collecting of tickets?

[解析] 细节题。问题是维多利亚地铁线上，谁负责检票、收票。文章中直接指出维多利亚地铁线上机器负责检票、收票，站台上没有工作人员。

(3).A. To drive the train after it is started automatically. B. To start the train and to drive it when necessary. C. To take care of the passengers on the train.

D. To send commanding signals to the command spot.（分数：7.10） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[听力原文]

What is the task of the one worker on the Victoria Line train?

[解析] 细节题。选项用不定式表明要做的事。问题是维多利亚地铁线车上的唯一工作人员的任务是什么。文章中指出这个工作人员在必要时要驾驶车辆，但通常工作人员只需启动车辆，车辆会自动运行及停止。 (4).A. It will stop automatically. B. It will move on at the same speed.

C. It will gradually slow down. D. It will keep a safe distance from other trains.（分数：7.10） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[听力原文]

If no signal is sent from the command spot, what will happen to the train?

[解析] 细节题。文中多次出现关于command spot的论述，应特别注意区分细节。文中有“If the command spot sends no signals, the train will stop.”的论述，与题干相符，因此可较容易选出答案。

六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)

（分数：21.30）

(1).A. Your accomplishments. B. Your hobbies.

C. Your family members. D. Your appearance.（分数：7.10） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[听力原文]

Finding a job in the United States takes specific skills. The following advices will help you find a job. Write a good resume. Describe your accomplishments. Avoid including unnecessary information. Your resume should be one page if possible. Find out about available jobs. One way is by looking in the newspaper or on the Internet. Another way is by networking. Networking means exchanging information with anyone you know: family, friends, neighbors, classmates, former coworkers, professional groups who might know of a job. These people might also be able to give you inside information about a company, such as who was in charge and what it is like to work in their company. According to an article in the Wall Street Journal, 94 percent of people who succeed in finding a job said that networking was a big help. Practice the interview. The more prepared you are, the more relaxed you will feel. If you were worried about saying or doing the

wrong thing, practice will help. Learn something about the company. You can find information by going to the library and looking in directories or finding the company's website. Finding information takes time, but it pays off. You can get help in these skills: writing a resume, networking, preparing for an interview, researching a company, by seeing a career counselor. Most colleges and high schools have one who can help you get started. Finding a job is one of the most difficult jobs. Some people send out hundreds of resumes and go on dozens of interviews before finding a job.

What is necessary in a good resume?

[解析] 文章一开头即告诉听者在美国要找份工作需要一些技巧。因此可判断整篇文章跟找工作的技巧有关。四个选项均是名词，应是跟某一具体事实有关。听到题干中的good resume一词，根据文章大意，可大致判断accomplishments为正确答案。另外，听者也可听到“Write a good resume. Describe your accomplishments.”。

(2).A. In some large community. B. In most colleges or high schools. C. In the companies that offer jobs. D. In school libraries.（分数：7.10） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[听力原文]

Where can one find a career counselor?

[解析] 选项是关于地点的，因此要特别注意听文章中与地点相关的陈述，另外注意关键词career counselor。文章中出现career counselor词后有一句“Most colleges and high schools have one who can help you get started.”，因此可确定答案为B。 (3).A. It may have a lot of fun.

B. It's a good opportunity for people to know the society. C. It's one of the most difficult jobs.

D. It's a challenge for people's ability.（分数：7.10） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[听力原文]

What does the writer think of finding a job according to the passage?

[解析] 作者观点题。选项中的“it”指找工作。文章末尾直接指出“Finding a job is one of the most difficult jobs.”。作者的某些观点、总结一般出现在听力内容末尾，因此要特别注意。文章开头、末尾是经常出题的部分。

七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：21.30)

（分数：21.30）

(1).A. Coca Cola. B. Sausage. C. Milk. D. Fried chicken.（分数：7.10） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[听力原文]

How many teeth have you had filled in the past two years? If you follow the advice of Dr. Faustick,

you may be able to reduce the number of your visits to a dentist. Dr. Faustick conducted a two-year survey to find out how to prevent or reduce dental decay. 946 students took part in an experiment. 523 students cleaned their teeth within ten minutes of eating. When possible they used a toothbrush; when this was impossible they washed their mouth thoroughly with water. The remaining 423 students merely cleaned their teeth when they went to bed and when they got up in the morning. All the students had their teeth X-rayed at the end of the first and second years. At the end of the first year, the night and morning group had three times as many decayed teeth as the

clean-after-each-meal group. At the end of the second year, the latter group had 53 percent fewer decayed teeth than the former group. Dr. Faustick has cleaned his teeth after every meal for thirteen years and has not had a single decayed tooth. He pointed out that sugar is a major agent in dental decay, particularly the sugar in sweets, cakes, and soft drinks. Ideally you should keep a toothbrush in your pocket and use it immediately after you have finished eating. When this is impractical, you can at least make sure that you have a drink of water and let the water through your teeth to force out any particles of food. 7 out of 10 people lose at least half of their teeth by the time they are fifty. Many have a complete set of false teeth by that time. In any case neither toothache nor a visit to a dentist is very pleasant. So it is worthwhile making an effort to keep your own teeth as long as possible. The main preventative agent is simply water.

According to the passage，what kind of food is most likely to cause dental decay?

[解析] 细节题。选项是四种食物。因此在听的过程中要特别注意与食物有关的词。文章中指出糖是蛀牙的主要凶手，尤其是甜果、蛋糕及软饮中的糖。四个选项中可乐是软饮的一种，因此正确答案为A。 (2).A. He has had thirteen decayed teeth. B. He doesn't have a single decayed tooth.

C. He has fewer decayed teeth than other people of his age.

D. He never had a single tooth pulled out before he was fifty.（分数：7.10） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[听力原文]

What does the passage tell us about the condition of Dr. Faustick's teeth?

[解析] 四个选项均是牙齿状况的陈述。文章中指出Faustick博士十三年来每次饭后均刷牙，没有一颗蛀牙。A选项陈述错误，文章中没有涉及C、D选项。

(3).A. Brush your teeth right before you go to bed in the evening. B. Have as few of your teeth pulled out as possible. C. Have your teeth X-rayed at regular intervals. D. Clean your teeth shortly after eating.（分数：7.10） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[听力原文]

What does Dr.Faustiek suggest to prevent dental decay?

[解析] 四个选项均是对保护牙齿的陈述。问题是Faustick博士对于防止蛀牙的建议是什么。整篇文章均讲的是刷牙。此外，文章末尾讲到主要的预防工具就是水，暗指刷牙。

八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)

With intellectual capital fast becoming the currency of choice in today's information-based, global economy, the knowledge sets necessary for success are as dynamic as the rapidly changing environment. The result is the need for continuous update and (26) of one's abilities, and a renewed emphasis on the value of education and training. 21 century skills include not only essential skills, but also technology (27) , inventive thinking, communication and (28) , and the ability for independent, life-long learning.

\"In the knowledge-based economy, knowing how to locate information quickly, (29) and apply that information to solve problems will be very important.\"

Education is increasingly accountable, measured not simply by a paper (30) or time spent in a classroom, but by an assessment of (31) Elementary and secondary school reforms have been introduced out of concern that students graduating from high school might not be (32) with adequate skills. Pushed by federal laws, nearly all states now require students to master more demanding standards of learning, and hold students accountable through allied assessments. In addition to evaluating students, these systems are being used to measure teachers, schools and (33) performance. This shift in our learning (34) and goals has driven the need for (35) and productive learning solutions. Institutions can no longer prepare students for the digital economy by teaching on an agricultural calendar with industrial methods. Education is viewed as no longer bound by time and place, and home has become the after-hours classroom. The pressure on educational providers is to move beyond whole group instruction within the walls of the traditional classroom and instead deliver real-time instruction when and where it is most convenient and needed. The goal is personalized, flexible. Education and training should enable individuals to keep pace with the ever-changing demands for information and skills.

With intellectual capital fast becoming the currency of choice in today's information-based, global economy, the knowledge sets necessary for success are as dynamic as the rapidly changing environment. The result is the need for continuous update and (26) of one's abilities, and a renewed emphasis on the value of education and training. 21 century skills include not only essential skills, but also technology (27) , inventive thinking, communication and (28) , and the ability for independent, life-long learning.

\"In the knowledge-based economy, knowing how to locate information quickly, (29) and apply that information to solve problems will be very important.\"

Education is increasingly accountable, measured not simply by a paper (30) or time spent in a classroom, but by an assessment of (31) Elementary and secondary school reforms have been introduced out of concern that students graduating from high school might not be (32) with adequate skills. Pushed by federal laws, nearly all states now require students to master more demanding standards of learning, and hold students accountable through allied assessments. In addition to evaluating students, these systems are being used to measure teachers, schools and (33) performance. This shift in our learning (34) and goals has driven the need for (35) and productive learning solutions. Institutions can no longer prepare students for the digital economy by teaching on an agricultural calendar with industrial methods. Education is viewed as no longer bound by time and place, and home has become the after-hours classroom. The pressure on educational providers is to move beyond whole group instruction within the walls of the traditional classroom and instead deliver real-time instruction when and where it is most convenient and needed. The goal is personalized, flexible. Education and training should enable individuals to keep pace with the ever-changing demands for information and skills.（分数：71.00） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：upgrade） 解析：[听力原文]

With intellectual capital fast becoming the currency of choice in today's information-based, global economy, the knowledge sets necessary for success are as dynamic as the rapidly changing environment. The result is the need for continuous update and upgrade of one's abilities, and

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a renewed emphasis on the value of education and training. 21 century skills include not only essential skills, but also technology literacy, inventive thinking, communication and collaboration, and the ability for independent, life-long learning.

\"In the knowledge-based economy, knowing how to locate information quickly, evaluate and apply that information to solve problems will be very important.\"

Education is increasingly accountable, measured not simply by a paper diploma or time spent in a classroom, but by an assessment of competencies Elementary and secondary school reforms have been introduced out of concern that students graduating from high school might not be equipped with adequate skills. Pushed by federal laws, nearly all states now require students to master more demanding standards of learning, and hold students accountable through allied assessments. In addition to evaluating students, these systems are being used to measure teachers, schools and district performance. This shift in our learning perceptions and goals has driven the need for innovative and productive learning solutions. Institutions can no longer prepare students for the digital economy by teaching on an agricultural calendar with industrial methods. Education is viewed as no longer bound by time and place, and home has become the after-hours classroom. The pressure on educational providers is to move beyond whole group instruction within the walls of the traditional classroom and instead deliver real-time instruction when and where it is most convenient and needed. The goal is personalized, flexible. Education and training should enable individuals to keep pace with the ever-changing demands for information and skills.

[解析] 与update对应，意为“提升”。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：literacy） 解析：[解析] 名词，意为“知识，能力”。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：collaboration） 解析：[解析] 名词，意为“合作”，注意拼写。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：evaluate） 解析：[解析] 常用动词，意为“评估”。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：diploma） 解析：[解析] 名词，意为“文凭”。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：competencies）

解析：[解析] 名词，意为“能力”，注意需使用复数形式，并注意拼写。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：equipped） 解析：[解析] 被动语态，使用equip的过去分词形式。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：district） 解析：[解析] 常用名词，意为“地区”。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：perceptions） 解析：[解析] 名词，意为“观念”，注意使用复数形式。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：innovative） 解析：[解析] 形容词，意为“革新的，创新的”，注意拼写。

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九、Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)

US multinationals Starbucks, Google and Amazon had been accused of not paying enough corporate tax in the U.K. In a new report, a parliamentary committee says: international companies are able to (36) national and international tax structures to (37) corporate tax. The outcome is that they don't pay their fair share. This comes after executives of these companies were hauled before the committee last month to face questions about their tax structures and accused them of using their loopholes to avoid paying their fair share.

In their report, the lawmakers also criticized U. K. tax authorities. The U. K. Revenue & Customs says it already works to ensure that international companies are paying the tax due in (38) with

the law. But the parliamentary committee says it wants tax authorities to be more (39) . The British government says it will inject more money into the tax authority to hire more investigators to go after companies and people who tried to avoid paying taxes.

We've got to be very clear at a time like this when we're dealing with the (40) that people have to pay the taxes that are (41) . It's not right that wealthy people or multinational companies avoid the taxes that are due.

We reached out to the companies for response while Google had no additional comment offering. Starbucks, Google and Amazon all insist they're paying the proper amount of taxes on the U. K. profits and around Europe and have (42) no laws. But Starbucks says it's time to talk with the U. K. authorities over its tax structure. The coffee chain says it will review details later this week.

The changes are in part because of the pressure from consumers. Starbucks says in a statement it has listened to customer feedback and feedback from employees. When you walk to a Starbucks, you see a board saying this is our community activities. You can see pictures of people are picking coffee beans in a rainforest and will be struck by big contradiction. These people are willing to pay the taxes in the U. K.

In the (43) last month, the companies were (44) of using complicated structures to fiddle income to low tax countries. What can be done? It's most likely that unless all entailed governments corporate with each other to close loopholes, companies will be free to find the most tax (45) structures all within the bounds of the law. A. deficit F. aggressive K. broken B. conformation G. enough L. accordance C. report H. inefficient M. minimize D. enterprising I. abided N. exploit E. hearing J. accused O. due

（分数：35.50）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：N）

解析：[解析] 此处应填入一个动词，根据上下文意思应选N项，此处句子的意思为“公司可以利用各国不同的税收结构以极力减少企业税”。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：M） 解析：[解析] 此处应填入一个动词，句子意思上题已解。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：L）

解析：[解析] in accordance with为固定搭配，意为“符合”。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：F）

解析：[解析] 此处应填入一个形容词，根据上下文意思应选F项，意为“但是国际委员会会认为税务当局可以再主动些”。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：A）

解析：[解析] 此处应填入一个名词，此处句子的意思为“当我们处理税收赤字时”。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：O）

解析：[解析] 此处应填入一个形容词，that引导的定语从句修饰taxes，意为“应缴纳的税收”。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：K）

解析：[解析] 此处应填入一个动词的过去分词形式，根据上下文意思应该选K项，意为“星巴克、谷歌或亚马孙公司均坚持他们在英国和整个欧洲合法纳税，并未违反任何法律”。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：E）

解析：[解析] 此处应填入一个名词，hearing意为“听证会”，常与介词in搭配。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：J）

解析：[解析] 此处应填入一个动词的被动态，根据上下文意思应选J项，意为“这些公司被控告利用复杂的税收结构，将销售收入伪造在低税收国家的账目上”。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：H）

解析：[解析] 此处应填入一个形容词，根据上下文意思，公司要追求利益最大化，当然是会寻找最低效的税收结构，故选择有否定含义的H项。

十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)

Architecture

A) Architecture is the art and science of designing structures that organize and enclose space for practical and symbolic purposes. Because architecture grows out of human needs and aspirations, it clearly communicates cultural values. Of all the visual arts, architecture affects our lives most directly for it determines the character of the human environment in major ways. B) Architecture is a three-dimensional form. It utilizes space, mass, texture, line, light, and color. To be architecture, a building must achieve a working harmony with a variety of elements. Humans instinctively seek structures that will shelter and enhance their way of life. It is the work of architects to create buildings that are not simply constructions but also offer inspiration and delight. Buildings contribute to human life when they provide shelter, enrich space, complement their site, suit the climate, and are economically feasible. The client who pays for the building and defines its function is an important member of the architectural team. The mediocre design of many contemporary buildings can be traced to both clients and architects. C) In order for the structure to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose, architecture employs methods of support that, because they are based on physical laws, have changed little since people first discovered them—even while building materials have changed dramatically. The world's architectural structures have also been devised in relation to the objective limitations of materials. Structures can be analyzed in terms of how they deal with downward forces created by gravity. They are designed to withstand the forces of compression ( pushing together), tension ( pulling apart), bending, or a combination of these in different parts of the structure.

D) Even development in architecture has been the result of major technological changes. Materials and methods of construction are integral parts of the design of architectural structures. In earlier times it was necessary to design structural systems suitable for the materials that were available, such as wood, stone, brick. Today technology has progressed to the point where it is possible to invent new building materials to suit the type of structure desired. Enormous changes in materials and techniques of construction within the last few generations have made it possible to enclose space with much greater ease and speed and with a minimum of material. Progress in this area can be measured by the difference in weight between buildings built now and those of comparable size built one hundred years ago.

E) Modern architectural forms generally have three separate components comparable to elements of the human body: a supporting skeleton or frame, an outer skin enclosing the interior spaces, equipment, similar to the body's vital organs and systems. The equipment includes plumbing, electrical wiring, hot water, and air-conditioning. Of course in early architecture—such as igloos and adobe structures—there was no such equipment, and the skeleton and skin were often one.

F) Much of the world's great architecture has been constructed of stone because of its beauty, permanence, and availability. In the past, whole cities grew from the arduous task of cutting and piling stone upon. Some of the world's finest stone architecture can be seen in the ruins of the ancient Inca city of Machu Picchu high in the eastern Andes Mountains of Peru. The doorways and windows are made possible by placing over the open spaces thick stone beams that support the weight from above. A structural invention had to be made before the physical limitations of stone could be overcome and new architectural forms could be created. That invention was the arch, a curved structure originally made of separate stone or brick segments.

G) The arch was used by the early cultures of the Mediterranean area chiefly for underground drains, but it was the Romans who first developed and used the arch extensively in aboveground structures. Roman builders perfected the semicircular arch made of separate blocks of stone. As a method of spanning space, the arch can support greater weight than a horizontal beam. It works in compression to divert the weight above it out to the sides, where the weight is borne by the vertical elements on either side of the arch. The arch is among the many important structural breakthroughs that have characterized architecture throughout the centuries.

H) The great 19th-century architect of skyscrapers, Louis Sullivan, promoted an overriding precept to architectural design: \"Form follows function\". While the notion that structural and aesthetic considerations should be entirely subject to functionality was met with both popularity and skepticism, it had the effect of introducing the concept of \"function\" in place of Vitruvius' \"utility\". \"Function\" came to be seen as encompassing all criteria of the use, perception and enjoyment of a building, not only practical but also aesthetic, psychological and cultural. I) Nunzia Rondanini stated, \"Through its aesthetic dimension architecture goes beyond the functional aspects that it has in common with other human sciences. Through its own particular way of expressing values, architecture can stimulate and influence social life without presuming that, in and of itself, it will promote social development.\"

J) To restrict the meaning of (architectural) formalism to art for art's sake is not only reactionary; it can also be a purposeless quest for perfection or originality which degrades form into a mere instrumentality.

K) Among the philosophies that have influenced modern architects and their approach to building design are rationalism, empiricism, structuralism, poststructuralism, and phenomenology. L) In the late 20th century a new concept was added to those included in the compass of both structure and function, the consideration of sustainability.

M) To satisfy the contemporary ethos a building should be constructed in a manner which is environmentally friendly in terms of the production of its materials, its impact upon the natural and built environment of its surrounding area and the demands that it makes upon non-sustainable power sources for heating, cooling, water and waste management and lighting.

N) Early Asian writings on architecture include the Kao Gong Ji of China from the 7th—5th centuries BCE; the Vaastu Shastra of ancient India and Manjusri Vasthu Vidya Sastra of Sri Lanka. O) Islamic architecture began in the 7th century CE, incorporating architectural forms from the ancient Middle East and Byzantium, but also developing features to suit the religious and social needs of the society. Examples can be found throughout the Middle East, North Africa, Spain and the Indian Sub-continent. The widespread application of the pointed arch was to influence European architecture of the Medieval period.

（分数：71.00）

(1).The art and science of designing structures that organize and enclose space for practical and symbolic purposes could be called as architecture.（分数：7.10） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：A）

解析：[解析] 句式定位题。根据science of designing structures定位到A段第一句，发现原句的主语是architecture，这里的句意和原句一致，只是将architecture放在了句尾，采用了新的句式。 (2).According to Nunzia Rondanini, architecture can, in a particular way, stimulate and influence social life without presuming that, in and of itself, it will promote social development.（分数：7.10）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：I）

解析：[解析] 定位转换题。根据人名Nunzia Rondanini定位到I段，原句是Nunzia Rondanini stated, \"...Through its own particular way of expressing values， architecture can stimulate and influence social life without presuming that, in and of itself, it will promote social development.\"这

里的through its own particular way of expressing values被替换成了in a particular way，并且用双逗号隔离，以后在处理这种题目时，直接把双逗号之间的内容去掉，以帮助理解。

(3).When it comes to the origin of architecture, humans instinctively seek structures that will shelter and enhance their way of life.（分数：7.10） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：B）

解析：[解析] 定位题。根据instinctively seek structures定位到B段第三句，这里只是在原句的基础上加上了when it comes to the origin of architecture。

(4).The famous modern architect of skyscrapers, Louis Sullivan, promoted an overriding precept to architectural design: \"Form follows function\".（分数：7.10） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：H）

解析：[解析] 定位转换题。根据Louis Sullivan定位到H段第一句，原句是The great 9th-century architect of skyscrapers, Louis Sullivan, promoted an overriding precept to architectural design: \"Form follows function\". 其中的great, 19th-century architect分别被替换成famous, modern。 (5).Structures are designed to withstand the forces of compression (pushing together), tension (pulling apart), bending, or a combination of these in different parts of the structure.（分数：7.10）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：C）

解析：[解析] 指代题。根据两个括号和里面的内容pushing together, pulling apart定位到C段最后一句，发现原句的主语是they，这里的主语是structures，通过阅读该句之前的一句，发现they指代的就是structures。

(6).The arch was used by the early cultures of the Mediterranean area chiefly for underground drains, but it was the Romans who first developed and used the arch extensively in aboveground structures.（分数：7.10）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：G）

解析：[解析] 定位题。从Romans和Mediterranean定位到G段第一句，定位即出答案。

(7).Materials and methods of construction are inseparable parts of the design of architectural structures.（分数：7.10）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：D）

解析：[解析] 定位转换题。根据Materials and methods定位到D段第二句，原句是Materials and methods of construction are integral parts of the design of architectural structures. 这里把internal替换成了inseparable。

(8).A good deal of graceful architecture has been constructed of stone because of its beauty, permanence, and availability.（分数：7.10） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：F）

解析：[解析] 定位转换题。根据beauty, permanence, and availability定位到F段第一句，原句是Much of the world's great architecture has been constructed of stone because of its beauty, permanence, and availability. 这里把much of the world's great替换成了a good deal of graceful o

(9).In the late 20th century, the consideration of sustainability was added to those included in the compass of both structure and function.（分数：7.10） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：L）

解析：[解析] 句式定位题。根据late 20th century定位到L段，原句的主语是a new concept，这个句式中，主语被替换成了the consideration of sustainability。

(10).Environmentally friendly style building should be constructed to satisfy the contemporary ethos.（分数：7.10）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：M）

解析：[解析] 句式定位题。根据contemporary ethos定位到M段第一句，原句是To satisfy the contemporary ethos a building should be constructed in a manner which is environmentally friendly. 这里对句式作了调整，句子的主语从a building变成了environmentally friendly style building。

十二、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

十三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)

Fundamentally, the global environment is in a desperate state of decline. Initially the Green Movement was seen to solve the problem of reducing running costs. This in turn has resulted in concern for the depletion (损耗) of natural resources and finally in concern for the damage being done to the global environment. Unfortunately the growing numbers of organizations and committees dedicated to saving the environment have only been able to outline appropriate proposals and initiatives. Because there is not a body that has the ability to enforce global legislation, there have not been any treaties or legislation that are globally binding.

Cities are able to address social, economic and environmental issues through grassroots planning initiatives. The power of collective will and civic ambition reminds us that human behavior can be shaped as much by our designed environment as by social policy, such as governmental management and legislative control. While such participation can be a powerful catalyst (催化剂) for social change, it is by no means an easy task. It can begin with a simple awareness of our physical environment: What does it consist of now? How does it affect our behavior? What needs to be changed? The general public needs to be accountable to themselves for the choices they make. By way of their accountability they will be maintaining and recycling not only physical resources, but also cultural resources for the benefit of future generations. Cultural practices traditionally dictate the desire of the society for survival. Decay is inevitable, as it is law of nature and we can only attempt to slow its course of destruction. Preservation must be geared to preserve the messages and values: emotional values, cultural values and use values. Each is defined by its own terms and in some cases has overlapping identities. With this in mind, why is modern man living in excess of what is environmentally feasible, therefore hampering the efforts to perpetuate society? It is vital to work in conjunction with nature. Humans have the power to change the natural harmony of the earth, but we continue to accept subnormal and double standards. As will be discussed, there has been some headway made in the last few years regarding the integration of the built environment with green architecture. However, not much has been realized in terms of the integration of historic preservation and green architecture in house. Presently there are examples of historic preservation and green architecture working in conjunction in commercial buildings.

（分数：71.00）

(1).What is the most serious problem in the Green Movement?

A. They provide only suggestions and ideals but never put them into practice. B. People need pay more attention to the knowledge of environment preservation. C. Desperate pollution in many areas is to deprive mankind of a good future.

D. Survival of mankind relies on their ability to find new resources.（分数：14.20） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[解析] 推理题。根据题干中Green Movement一词锁定文章第一段。文中讲“不幸的是，虽然致力于拯救环境的组织越来越多，但只能提出一些建议及倡议”，由此可推断出绿色运动最严重的问题即是不能将建议及想法付诸实践。其他选项与题干中的绿色运动无关。

(2).What does the word \"grassroots\" in Line 8, Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The roots of grass. B. The ordinary people.

C. The leaves of grass. D. The leaders.（分数：14.20） A. B. √ C.

D.

解析：[解析] 词汇细节题。根据上下文可推断，“grassroots”指的是普通人。 (3).The purpose of the author in Paragraph 2 is to ______. A. call on the people to go on street for a better proposal B. let the public catch onto more new ideas

C. show that we can do something for the environment

D. arouse our anger for the destruction of nature（分数：14.20） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] 推理题。第二段末尾作者提到公众参与是社会变革的有力催化剂，并提出我们可以从培养环境意识开始。因此可推断作者写第二段的目的主要是要表明我们可以为环境保护做一些事情。 (4).According to the author, what is the correct attitude towards cultural resources? A. Preservation of cultural resources must be done. B. Decay of cultural resources is inevitable.

C. The maintenance of cultural resources isn't equally important as natural resources. D. Double standards should be maintained towards cultural standards.（分数：14.20） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[解析] 细节题。此题是问对文化资源的正确态度，锁定第三段。“人们既要维护、再利用物质资源，又要维护、再利用文化资源”，因此，很明确人们应该保护文化资源。 (5).This passage is mainly concerned with ______. A. the seriousness of environment decay B. Green Movement and its influence C. green architecture

D. people's responsibility to protect environment（分数：14.20） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[解析] 主旨题。文章第二段表明我们可以为环境保护做一些事情。第三段提出公众应为自己的选择负责。综上，本文的主旨是唤起人们对保护环境的责任感。

十四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)

Markets are typically very efficient when it comes to reacting to changed circumstances. But the housing market is unique. It takes a long time to build homes, and they are expensive. It's not like you can just order up another batch quickly from China when you sense the market turning. Apartment and condominium projects, which are in high demand, take years to build. Many of the aggressive builders and lenders went bust in 2008 and 2009. And the survivors have remained cautious, with good reason.

Realtors always tell clients that they should make an offer today because the house might not be there tomorrow. In recent years, that ancient sales tactic has been easy to dismiss as baloney. Today, it's likely to be true.

That's right. After years of a painful oversupply following the housing crash, it appears we now actually have too few houses on the market. This was the real news lurking behind the latest housing numbers, released Tuesday by the National Association of Realtors. The report says existing home sales eased a bit in December from November, but were up 12.8 percent from a year ago. Sales for

all of 2012 were up 9.2 percent from 2011, the best year since 2007. But the numbers could have been better. \"Record low mortgage interest rates clearly are helping many home buyers, but tight inventory and restrictive mortgage underwriting standards are limiting sales,\" said Lawrence Yun, chief economist at NAR. In other words, not enough houses!

Consider this telling metric: In December, there were only enough existing homes for sale to last 4.4 months. That's the lowest level of inventory, measured by the monthly sales rate, since the boom; in May 2005, there were just 4.3 months' worth of existing homes on the market. Patrick Newport, U.S. economist at HIS Global Insight, notes that the raw inventory number is the lowest it has been since January 2001. As for new homes—a much smaller market—supply is also down. The Census Bureau says that in November 2012, there were 149,000 new homes for sale, just 4.7 months' worth of supply. By contrast, in November 2011, there were 155,000 new homes for sale, representing 5.7 months' worth of supply.

That should be good news. Excess inventory is a killer. It puts pressure on prices, and means those who really want to sell have to cut prices, sometimes drastically. But two years of steady improvement—rising sales volume, rising prices, declining foreclosures—has subtly changed the equation. A great many homes have been taken off the market—by individuals, and by institutional investors who are buying homes in bulk with the intention of renting them out.

（分数：71.00）

(1).What makes the housing market different from others? A. The inventory is slow to change. B. Houses are expensive. C. Houses take years to build. D. Both B and C．（分数：14.20） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[解析] 细节题。定位第一段。文章一开头即讲到面对变化的环境，市场通常都非常有效，能够发挥作用，但房屋市场是独一无二、与众不同的。接着讲到，房屋的建筑要花很长时间，且价格昂贵。因此可以说建筑所花费时间长及价格昂贵都是使其与其他市场有所不同的原因。 (2).What does the expression \"went bust\" in Line 5, Paragraph 1 mean? A. Succeeded. B. Broke.

C. Lost. D. Parted.（分数：14.20） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析] 同汇细节题。go bust是俚语，“破产、失败”的意思。broke正有破产的意思。根据2008年及2009年房地产萧条的事实，文中要说的应是在2008年及2009年间，很多激进的建筑商及贷款方破产，而幸存者至今仍很谨慎，他们有其自己的考虑。

(3).According to the passage, which of the following is true about the housing market in 2012? A. The supply is bigger than the demand. B. The demand is bigger than the supply. C. Not many changes compared with that of 2011. D. More people want to buy houses.（分数：14.20） A. B. √ C.

D.

解析：[解析] 推理题。文章第三段指出现在市场上的房屋数量too few“太少”。之后第三段、第四段分别给出了具体数据。

(4).Who are most influenced if the inventory of houses is too much? A. Those who want to buy houses for their own use. B. Those who want to buy houses as an investment. C. Those who want to sell their house in a short time.

D. Those who want to sell their houses at a relatively high price.（分数：14.20） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] 基于细节的推理题。可定位文章最后一段。文中说过多的房屋存量是价格杀手。如果有人真的想卖房子，由于存量过多，则不得不降低价格，甚至是大幅降价。因此，可推断，想在短时间内卖掉房子的人将最受房屋存量的影响。

(5).What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Many investments have gone into the housing market. B. Inventory might influence the price of house. C. The inventory of houses is becoming tight. D. It is right time to buy a house.（分数：14.20） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] 主旨题。文章主要报告了美国房地产经纪人协会“：National Association of Realtors”发布的2012年房地产相关数据，数据表明经过了几年的房地产萧条后，2012年房屋存量减少，很多房屋被出售。

十五、Part Ⅳ Translation(总题数：1，分数：106.50)

2.长城是世界一大奇迹。现在，每年都有几百万人到长城游览。在旺季，几处最著名的景点总是让成群结队的游客挤得水泄不通。中国人修建城墙的历史久远，可以追溯到战国时期(the Warring States Period)。历史上，中国共修过大约20座长城。在所有这些长城中，明长城最长，达6700公里。在当时，中国的技术在世界上处于领先地位，因此明长城的结构也是最复杂的。

（分数：106.50）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(The Great Wall is a wonder of the world. Now, millions of people travel to the Great Wall each year. During busy seasons, the most popular sites are always crowded with clusters of tourists. The Chinese have a long history of building walls, dating from the Warring States Period. In history, about 20 walls were built, with the wall constructed during the Ming Dynasty being the longest, extending 6,700 kin. China was the most technological advanced nation in the world then, so the wall was also the most complicated in structure.) 解析：