【初中英语】 任务型阅读(外研版)

一、英语任务型阅读

1．阅读短文，然后在文后思维导图内完成内容摘要，每空不超过三个词。

The Grand Canyon（科罗拉多大峡谷） is a large river canyon in Arizona. It is over220 miles long and over a mile deep in some places. Its widest point is 18 miles wide. The canyon is considered one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World.

Over millions of years, the Colorado River wore away rocks as it passed through the area. Slowly, the river made the path deeper and deeper. Now, the canyon is surrounded by steep walls on either side, while the river continues to flow at the bottom of the canyon.

Besides its large size, the Grand Canyon is also known for its magnificent colors. The canyon is made of layers of rock（岩层）, and each layer of rock has a different depth and color. Geologists have identified almost 40 different layers of rock exposed by the rivers erosion. The climate in canyon area is primarily desert, with both high and low temperatures. The upper rims of the canyon often receive snowfall. The air quality is usually very high, although dust storms and smoke from fires can change the air.

The Grand Canyon is home to a variety of plants and animals. Plants range from various species of cactuto pine forests. Many types of animals live in the area, including the bald eagle, bobcats, bats and gila monsters. Six different kinds of rattlesnakes have been found in the area.

Today, the canyon is part of the Grand Canyon National Park. About five million tourists visit the park each year.

⑴________ ⑵________ ⑶________ ⑷________ ⑸________ 【答案】 size；climate；home；a mile deep；layer

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了美国的科罗拉多大峡谷的规模，大笑，形成

原因，还用那里的生物。

（1）细节理解题， 根据 It is over220 miles long and over a mile deep in some places. Its widest point is 18 miles wide. The canyon is considered one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World. 它长220多英里，在某些地方有一英里深，最宽的地方有18英里宽，峡谷被认为是世界七大自然奇观之一， 故答案是size。

（2）细节理解题， 根据The climate in canyon area is primarily desert， with both high and low temperatures. 峡谷地区的气候主要是沙漠，高温和低温并存. 故答案是climate。 （3） 细节理解题， 根据 The Grand Canyon is home to a variety of plants and animals. 大峡谷里有各种各样的动植物。故答案是home。

（4）细节理解题. 根据It is over220 miles long and over a mile deep in some places. 它长220多英里，有些地方有一英里深，故答案是a mile deep。

（5） 细节理解题， 根据each layer of rock has a different depth and color. 每层岩石有不同的深度和颜色， 故答案是layer。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。

2．下面广告（第1-5题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A—F）中选出符合各则广告的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。

A. You can't apply（申请）if you have medical problems. B. You will make some money on the show. C. You have to bring your pet cat with you. D. The applicants have to compete to appear on the show. E. Only couples should apply F. You won't star in the TV show. ________ IS YOUR HOUSE UNTIDY? HAVE YOU GOT ROOMS FULL OF JUNK? ARE YOU BAD AT THROWING THINGS AAY? Then apply to appear on Tidy Rooms, the new reality TV show! We will tidy your house and sell your unwanted things on eBay. See how much you can make! Single people or married couples with no pets only. ________ We are looking for men and women of all ages who have special collections. It could be stamps, Star Wars models, shoes it doesn't matter, as long you've got a lot of them! We'll film you telling us about your collection. We also need to speak to your spouse（配偶）about how your hobby affects your life together. ________ Can you sing? Have you dreamed of performing live on TV in front of millions of people? Would you like to win $ 1 million award?We are looking for just six talented but undiscovered singers. Auditions（试唱）will be held in London from 21-24 July. The lucky six will appear on the live shows in the autumn. ________ ARE YOU SCARED OF GHOSTS? Would you like to spend a week in a haunted house? We're looking for volunteers to live alone for a week in a haunted house, and film their experiences. We will provide you with a video camera. The only rule is you aren't allowed to run away! Applicants must be fit, healthy and over 18. ________ The producers of \"HERE, BOY!\a new talent show, are looking for audience（观众）members. The show is about trying to find Britain's most talented dog. Come and watch! The show will be filmed at Hazelwood studios in London. All applicants must be over 16 years of age. You will be required for nearly three hours. Tickets will be awarded on a first-come-first-served basis. 【答案】 B；E；D；A；F 【解析】【分析】主要讲了五则广告。

A. You can't apply（申请）if you have medical problems.如果你有医疗问题你不可以申请。 B. You will make some money on the show.你将在这个节目上挣钱。 C. You have to bring your pet cat with you.你不得不带着你的宠物猫。

D. The applicants have to compete to appear on the show.申请者不得不在节目中竞争。 E. Only couples should apply仅仅夫妻应该申请。 F. You won't star in the TV show.你不会出现在电视节目中。 （1）根据See how much you can make!可知你可以挣钱，故选B。

（2）根据We also need to speak to your spouse（配偶）about how your hobby affects your life together.可知需要配偶说，即夫妻申请，故选E。

（3）根据The lucky six will appear on the live shows in the autumn.可知幸运的六名将出现在现场节目中，即他们需要竞争，故选D。

（4）根据Applicants must be fit, healthy and over 18.可知申请者要健康的，故选A。 （5）根据The producers of \"HERE, BOY!\a new talent show, are looking for audience（观众）members.可知正在寻找观众，故选F。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后从短文中寻找关键词句，选择正确答案。

3．阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．

The Internet is shaping our lives. We already have online shopping services and mobile payment. However, this is just a start. The world's leading tech companies are planning to build smarter online communities. ________ It was held in Wuzhen, Zhejiang last year. The development of artificial intelligence（AI,人工智能） was a hot topic at the conference（会议）. If a machine can learn and solve problems as humans do, it can be called AI.

The company Alibaba uses AI technology in its unmanned supermarket in Wuzhen. There is no salesperson in the supermarket, just a tablet on a desk that says \"please smile\". ________ The bigger your smile is, the more discounts（折扣） you will get. Payment is done automatically（自动地） through your Alipay（支付宝）account. When you first enter the supermarket, the supermarket's AI recognizes your face and your account.

There is also AI that can read lips. ________ It recognizes your mouth, s movements and turns them into voices or text messages. This could be very useful when you are trying to talk to someone on your phone in a noisy place. Police could also use the technology to help them find criminal suspects by lip﹣reading recordings from video cameras.

________ Microsoft's chatbot Xiaolce can not only provide useful information, but also chat with people like a real friend. Xiaolce has a WeChat account. After following the account, users can start talking with her. ________ She keeps improving herself by talking with users.

These technologies are being put into wider use. We may see a smarter world and better lives in the near future.

A. She knows when to comfort you or tell jokes. B. They discussed this at the World Internet Conference. C. Sougou brought its lip﹣reading system to the conference. D. If you smile, it will give you a special discount for your goods. E. Another type of AI focuses on understanding human emotions. 【答案】 B；D；C；E；A

4．根据短文内容，填写所缺单词，每个空格只填1个单词。

'USA? Britain? Which country is better to study in?' We often hear such discussions. As China opens its door, it is a dream for many Chinese students to study abroad. They want to learn about the outside world.

It's true that studying abroad can help students develop themselves. Their foreign language skills will be improved and it may be easier to find jobs.

But there are problems that should be considered. Language is the first. Students must spend a lot of time learning another language.

Students must also learn to live without parents' care and deal with all kinds of things they haven't had to do before, like looking after themselves. There are reports about Chinese students abroad running into an ocean of difficulties and giving up finally. When they have to take care of themselves, it is hard for students to study well.

Finally, studying abroad brings a heavy burden （负担） to the family. For most Chinese parents, the cost of studying abroad is very high. But is it worth it?

We know that there are many famous people who have achieved success through their hard work in China. Liu Xiang is a good example. Once an American teacher invited him there, but he refused. He kept training hard with his Chinese teacher. He surprised the world when he won a gold medal at the Athens Olympic Games. So when you wonder which country is better to study in, think again.

Title: Studying at home or study ________? Phenomenon（现Studying abroad has become a ________ for Chinese students. 象） Advantages It is helpful for Chinese students to ________ themselves. It is helpful for Chinese students to ________ foreign language skills. It enables（使…能够） Chinese students to find jobs more ________. ________ It ________ Chinese students too much time to learn a foreign language. It's hard for Chinese students to get used to the life abroad ________ parents' care. Parents may be under pressure（压力）because the cost of studying abroad is very ________. Purpose: To tell us studying abroad is not the only way to be ________ by describing Liu Xiang's example. 【答案】 abroad；dream；develop；improve；easily；Problems/ Disadvantages；takes；without；high；successful

【解析】【分析】文章大意：出国学习是很多人的选择，但是出国学习也会有很多问题，首先要学会照顾自己，其次出国留学会给家里的经济带肋负担。所以在出国留学之前必须要知道去哪一个国家才是最合适的。

（1）标题判断题。根据文章内容可知，文庄主要论述了是在家里学习还是在国外学习，故答案是abroad。

（2）细节理解题。根据 it is a dream for many Chinese students to study abroad. 可知，出国留学成为了中国学生的梦想，故答案是dream。

（3）细节理解题。根据 It's true that studying abroad can help students develop themselves. 可知，出国留学可以提高学生自己，故答案是develop。

（4）细节理解题。根据 Their foreign language skills will be improved 可知，出国留学可以帮着提高外语技能，故答案是improve。

（5）细节理解题。根据 it may be easier to find jobs. 可知，对于学生来说找工作也更加容易，故答案是easily。

（6）细节理解题。根据根据右栏内容可知，这部分主要说的是出国留学的不利的方面或者出国留学面临的问题，故答案是Problems/Disadvantages。

（7）细节理解题。根据 Students must spend a lot of time learning another language.可知，学习外语要花费许多时间 ， It takes sb. some time to do sth.固定句式，故答案是takes。

（8）细节理解题。根据 Students must also learn to live without parents' care 可知，学生们必选要学会在没有父母照顾下生活， There are reports about Chinese students abroad running into an ocean of difficulties and giving up finally. 而很多孩子很难适应没有父母照顾的生活，故答案是without。

（9）细节理解题。根据 Finally, studying abroad brings a heavy burden （负担） to the family. For most Chinese parents, the cost of studying abroad is very high. 可知出国留学

会给父母很大的压力，因为花销太高，故答案是high。

（10）细节理解题。根据 We know that there are many famous people who have achieved success through their hard work in China. Liu Xiang is a good example. 可知，在国内也可以成功的，出国并不是唯一的获得成功的方式，故答案是successful。 【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。

5．A ）信息归纳：阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容完成信息卡。

Paper cutting is a special form of traditional art in China.It has has a history of over 1, 500 years. People started to do paper cutting in China in the 6th century.It has a number of special uses in Chinese culture.Almost all of them are for health, happiness or peace.Red is used the most widely of all the colors.Since long ago, Chinese people have been interested in cutting paper into traditional Chinese characters.

Paper cutting is popular around the world, but only the Chinese paper cutting is listed in the UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists （联合国教科文组织的非物质文化遗产名录） in August 2010, because it has long history and it tells people so much about Chinese history and culture.

Paper cutting has developed fast over the past few years.It is still popular in China now.During special festivals like the Chinese Spring Festival, people cut beautiful pictures and put them on windows and doors. Information Card

The history of paper cutting The color that is used the most widely of all the colors Cultural Heritage Lists The time when the Chinese paper cutting is listed in the UNESCO's Intangible Cultural ________. Heritage Lists The festival when you can see beautiful paper cut on windows and doors Chinese history and culture.；In August 2010；The Chinese Spring Festival 【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了中国的传统艺术——剪纸。

（1）根据文中原句It has has a history of over 1, 500 years. 可知剪纸艺术有超过1，500年的历史了。故答案为over 1,500 years。

（2）根据文中原句Red is used the most widely of all the colors. 可知红色是所有颜色重使用最广泛的颜色，故答案为Red。

（3）根据文中原句 Paper cutting is popular around the world, but only the Chinese paper cutting is listed in the UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists （联合国教科文组织的非物质文化遗产名录） in August 2010, because it has long history and it tells people so much about

________. 【答案】over 1,500 years.；Red；Because it has long history and it tells people so much about ________. ________. The reason why the Chinese paper cutting is listed in the UNESCO's Intangible ________. Chinese history and culture. 可知中国剪纸被列在联合国教科文组织的非物质文化遗产名录中是因为它历史悠久，它告诉人们关于中国历史和文化的那么多东西。故答案为Because it has long history and it tells people so much about Chinese history and culture。

（4）根据文中原句Paper cutting is popular around the world, but only the Chinese paper cutting is listed in the UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists （联合国教科文组织的非物质文化遗产名录） in August 2010, 可知中国剪纸被列在联合国教科文组织的非物质文化遗产名录中是在2010年8月，故答案为In August 2010。

（5）根据文中原句During special festivals like the Chinese Spring Festival, people cut beautiful pictures and put them on windows and doors. 可知在特殊的节日像中国春节，人们在窗户和门上贴美丽的剪纸。故答案为The Chinese Spring Festival。

【点评】考查任务型阅读。首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据表格在文中找到具体的依据，写出正确答案。

6．配对阅读：左栏是五段电视节目内容的解说词，右栏是七个节目。请将这五段解说词与其节目名称配对。

A. The Importance of Knowledge A talk between a famous teacher and some students. ________ B. Money Isn't Everything A talk about money with young When you need help for your homework, go to the library. people. You may find magazines, newspapers, and big dictionaries C. American Films there. They can always help you. An introduction to new ________ American films. For families with children, an important problem is getting D. Today's News the children away from the television to do their homework. It will tell you the important ________ events around the world every Even if you could buy the world, you couldn't buy a happy day. family,good friends or knowledge. E. Study Tools ________ The famous teacher Lin Hui will The Lost World is an exciting American film. People, tell you about some useful study especially school students, may like it. tools. ________ F. Farms in the Future People might grow plants and vegetables in the sea in about A program about science in the 50 years. future. G. Parents Headache A seminar （讨论会） with parents who 【答案】E；G；B；C；F 【解析】【分析】短文叙述的是解说词的内容及其匹配的节目。（1）叙述的是当需要帮助

的时候，可以去图书馆查阅有关的杂志、报纸、字典等。选项E叙述是有著名的教师刘辉介绍学习工具的节目。正符合内容，故选E。（2）叙述的是有孩子的家长的烦恼就是孩子愿意看电视而不愿去做作业。选项G是关于解决家长对待孩子的问题的大讨论的节目。正符合内容，故选G。（3）叙述的是有钱也买不到幸福的家庭、好朋友和知识。选项B的节目是：钱不是万能的。和年轻人一起谈论金钱。正符合内容，故选B。（4）叙述的是《迷失的世界》是令人兴奋的美国电影，尤其是学生特别喜欢看。选项C节目介绍美国新电影。正符合内容，故选C。（5）叙述的是50年后，人们可能在海洋里种植植物和蔬菜。选项F介绍的节目是未来的农场。正符合内容，故选F。

7．阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项,有一项多余。

A. Share your information. B. What do you think of having a pen pal? C. And this will be helpful to start your friendship. D. Luckily, here are some ways to get to know a pen pal. E. Write questions for your pen pal to answer in his next e-mail. F. You don't have to take all his advice, but it will give you something about his opinions. Having a pen pal is fun and can be a great way to improve your writing skills. But most people have trouble knowing what to write to their pen pals. ________

________ Break the ice by telling your pen pal a little about yourself. Start with your name, age and job. Write about what you like to do or what's on your mind that day. What you pass on will encourage your pen pal to tell you something about this. ________

Ask questions. ________ This will help you get to know him and probably get you a faster answer. Make your questions into the e-mail by telling him something you like to do and then asking if he's ever tried it.

Ask for advice. You may have some difficulties in your life and want to ask for advice. Your pen pal may tell you what to do.________ Also, discussing real-world questions will promote（促进） your friendship. 【答案】 D；A；C；E；F

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要给我们提出了交笔友的一些方法。 A. Share your information.分享你的信息。

B. What do you think of having a pen pal?你认为有一个笔友怎么样？ C. And this will be helpful to start your friendship. 这将有助于开始你们的友谊。

D. Luckily, here are some ways to get to know a pen pal. 幸运的是，这里有一些了解笔友的方法。

E. Write questions for your pen pal to answer in his next e-mail. 为你的笔友写一些问题为了在下一封电子邮件中回答问题。

F. You don't have to take all his advice, but it will give you something about his opinions.你不必听他的建议，但这能反映出他的一些看法。

（1）根据上一句But most people have trouble knowing what to write to their pen pals. 但是

大多数人都不知道该给他们的笔友写些什么。可知下一句应该是幸运的是，这里有一些了解笔友的方法。Luckily, here are some ways to get to know a pen pal.故选D。

（2）根据下文意思：告诉你笔友关于你自己的一些信息，如你的姓名、年龄和工作。可知上一句应该是分享你的信息，故选A。

（3）根据上文意思：你传递的信息会鼓励你的笔友告诉你关于这方面的事情。可知下一句应该是这将有助于开始你们的友谊。故选C。

（4）根据上文意思：问一些问题。可知下一句应该是为你的笔友写一些问题为了在下一封电子邮件中回答问题。故选E。

（5）根据上文意思：你的笔友可能会告诉你怎么做。可知下一句应该是你不必听他的建议，但这能反映出他的一些看法。故选F。

【点评】考查任务型阅读的信息匹配。认真阅读各段内容和各个选项，使上下文内容与各个选项相匹配。

8．阅读下面一种发明物品的描述，请从A—F中选出相匹配的图片（其中有一项是多余的）。

________This invention was invented by a 15-year-old boy with the help of his grandmother. Then he could stay outside and skate longer with his friends. His cars were warm and comfortable. ________Many people believe that the first one was invented by 18-year-old Blaise Pascal in 12 to help his father count taxes. It was used to add and subtract（加减） numbers. About 50 were made but they were not very popular 300 years later, they finally became popular. They have been popular ever since.

________This invention helps people read, write and do \"close work \"after the age of 45. Without them, the world would be difficult for the people above 45.

________Since it was invented, it has been recording the history of the world. It's also convenient for us to take some pictures about the unforgettable and amazing moments in our daily lives, and even keep them forever.

________This invention can help people in the street. It looks like a tree standing beside the street. It directs（指挥） cars and trucks. Without it, the traffic would be terrible.

A. B. C.

D. E. F.

【答案】 A；E；B；C；D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：根据对物品的描述，选出对应的图片。

（1）根据Then he could stay outside and skate longer with his friends. His cars were warm and comfortable.可知，可以在外面呆的更久，耳朵温暖舒服，所以推测是耳包，结合图片内容，故选A。

（2）根据It was used to add and subtract（加减） numbers. 可知，它可以加减，所以应该是计算器，结合图片内容，故选E。

（3）根据This invention helps people read, write and do \"close work \"after the age of 45.可知，这个发明帮助年纪大的人进行阅读，所以应该是老花镜，结合图片内容，故选B。 （4）根据It's also convenient for us to take some pictures about the unforgettable and amazing moments in our daily lives, 可知，可以拍照记录美好瞬间，所以应该是照相机，结合图片内容，故选C。

（5）根据It looks like a tree standing beside the street. It directs（指挥） cars and trucks.可知，像一棵树站在路边，可以指挥车辆，所以应该是红绿灯，结合图片内容，故选D。 【点评】考查任务型阅读。看懂文章，结合要求，选出正确选项。

9．任务型阅读 Moving out, moving back

In the countries all over the world, people are leaving the countryside in large numbers to find jobs in the cities. They leave because the countryside is much poorer than the city and often there isn't much work there. Services such as hospital and transport are usually much better in cities than they are in the country. ________.

But in the big cities of Europe and America-London. Pairs, New York, people are moving out of the city. These are usually families who have some money, and want to live a quieter life. They are tired of the noise and the dirt of the city, tired of the crowded streets, crowded trains and buses. ________ They want a house with a garden, and clean air that isn't polluted.

So they move out. Some don't go very far, just a little way out of the city, to the towns near the cities. ________.

There are sheep and cows and green fields! There, they start a new life and try to make new friends.

________ After two or three years, many people who have done this feel that it was a big mistake. They don't make so much money and there isn't much to do. The people there are very different and aren't always very friendly. .________.

\"It's wonderful to see crowds in the streets and cinema lights, \"they say, \"I'm so glad I'm back in the city!\"

A. However, not all of them are happy. B. They don't want to sit in traffic any more. C. Other people move to the real countryside. D.As a result, many people move back to the city. E. They hope that their lives will improve in the city. 【答案】 E；B；C；A；D 【解析】【分析】 A. However, not all of them are happy.然而并不是他们每一个人都高兴。 B. They don't want to sit in traffic any more.他们再也不想坐车了。 C. Other people move to the real countryside.其他人搬到了真正的乡下。 D.As a result, many people move back to the city.结果，许多人般回到了城市。 E. They hope that their lives will improve in the city.他们希望在城市里他们的生活会改善。

（1）根据In the countries all over the world, people are leaving the countryside in large numbers to find jobs in the cities. They leave because the countryside is much poorer than the city and often there isn't much work there. Services such as hospital and transport are usually much better in cities than they are in the country. 可知，在各方面农村的条件都比不上城市，因此他们就离开农村来到城市希望改善他们的生活。故答案是E。

（2）根据 They want a house with a garden, and clean air that isn't polluted. 可知，他们想要一个带花园的房子，没有污染的干净的空气。因此他们不想坐车来回跑了。故答案是B。

（3）根据 So they move out. Some don't go very far, just a little way out of the city, to the towns near the cities. 可知，他们都搬出去了，一些人报到了离城市比较近的镇上，其他人则搬到了真正的农村。根据some…others结构可知答案。故答案是C。

（4）根据 After two or three years, many people who have done this feel that it was a big mistake. 可知，几年后从今搬出去的人感到这是个大大的错我。因此他们是不开心的。故答案是A。

（5）根据 The people there are very different and aren't always very friendly. 可知，他们不能融入到当地人之间，而且有时候对他们也不友好，因此他们就重新搬回去了。故答案是D。

【点评】五选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外通过阅读选项，有可能找出更其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。

10．Lisa和好友Linda约好周六中午12点到意大利餐厅吃饭，但是Linda对约定地点不是很熟。请参考下面的路线图，完成Lisa写给Linda的电子邮件。

Dear Linda, I'm so glad that we'll meet in the Italian restaurant. Now let me tell you how to get to the restaurant. Go straight on when you get off the bus at ________Street. Then turn right at the ________crossing（交叉口）.There's an underground station at the street corner. Go along ________Road, and you'll see the Italian restaurant on your ________at the end of the road. It's said that the food there is very delicious. After lunch, let's go to see a film. Remember to get to the restaurant at 12：00 this ________.I'll wait for you there. Yours, Lisa 【答案】 Bond；second；King；right；Saturday 【解析】【分析】文章大意： Lisa和好友Linda约好周六中午12点到意大利餐厅吃饭，但是Linda对约定地点不是很熟。Lisa告诉Linda如何去饭店。 （1）根据图示可知是沿着Bond Street走。故答案是Bond。

（2）根据图示可知，在第二个路口有一个地铁站。第二second。故答案是second。 （3）根据图示可知在地铁站向右拐之后就到了King Road。故答案是King。

（4）根据图示可知沿着金大街向右走，可以发现，意大利饭店在你的右手边。故答案是right。

（5）根据上面的汉语提示可知他们约定在周六12点在意大利餐厅吃饭。故答案是Saturday。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，读懂地图为我们提供的信息，根据信息完成短文。在看图的时候，一定要把自己置于地图之中去思考问题，这样才不至于出错。

二、中考英语完形填空汇编

11．先通读下面短文，读懂大意，然后从后面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

Can you imagine that we could build a beautiful city with rubbish? Maybe you will think it is 1 . However, it can be true! Nothing is a waste if we have a creative mind. Let me show you something about 2 rubbish.

Sometimes we can see tons of rubbish in the streets, on the roads, near the buildings... here and there. Many large cities became so ugly 3 it. Nobody likes rubbish, but in fact, some rubbish can be used again. All of us want to solve the problem, we must do something to 4 rubbish. We should take action from now on. 5 , some good things will not be wasted. Do you often throw away things you don't need any more? Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good use? For Example, when a car gets too old, it may not run any more. But we can use the metal of the car to make something else. When a bottle is empty, it 6 as waste. You don't know bottle glass can be made into sand and used to build streets. Rubbish 7 food can be changed into fertilizer to make plants grow better. It is cheap and safe. And other rubbish can also be used to make building blocks. Now, 8 machines are designed for that.

9 , people will watch films in a beautiful cinema which is built out of rubbish. Besides buildings and roads, cities may be made from rubbish. But so far, building beautiful cities made from rubbish is only 10 . 1. A. important 2. A. returning 3. A. because 4. A. make a living as 5. A. On the way 7. A. from

8. A. fewer and fewer 9. A. Some day 10. A. a symbol A；（10）D；

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇文章主要介绍了用垃圾建造城市的梦想，垃圾让城市变得丑陋，但是有一些垃圾是可以被回收利用的，现在很多垃圾被用于制造别的东西，未来垃圾可能被用于建造美丽的城市。

（1）考查形容词。句意：或许你会觉得这是难以置信。important重要的， understanding善解人意的，unbelievable难以置信的，possible可能的，结合上文，Can you imagine that we could build a beautiful city with rubbish？ 你能想象我们可以用垃圾建一个美丽的城市吗？可知用垃圾建造城市你会觉得这难以置信。故选C。

B. understanding B. reusing B. because of B. By the way B. in B. less and less B. The other day B. a letter

C. unbelievable C. reflecting C. instead of C. In this way C. on

C. more and more C. Nowadays C. a lesson

D. possible D. repeating D. as for D. Out of the way D. was thrown away D. to

D. more and less D. In the day D. a dream

B. make promises to C. make up our mind to D. make use of

6. A. will be thrown away B. will throw away C. threw away

【答案】 （1）C；（2）B；（3）B；（4）D；（5）C；（6）A；（7）A；（8）C；（9）

（2）考查动名词。句意：让我告诉你们有关垃圾再利用的事。returning归还，reusing再利用， reflecting反映，repeating重复， 联系上文Nothing is a waste if we have a creative mind。如果我们有一个创造性的主意没什么是废弃物。可知此处是说垃圾再利用，故选B。

（3）考查连词。句意：很多大城市因为它变得如此丑陋。because因为，后跟一个表示原因的句子， because of因为，后跟名词、代词或动名词，instead of代替，as for作为，根据上文，Sometimes we can see tons of rubbish in the streets， on the roads， near the buildings…here and there。 有时我们在街道上、道路上、建筑附近——到处都能看到大量的垃圾。可知城市是因为垃圾变丑陋的，故选B。

（4）考查动词短语。句意：我们所有人都想解决这个问题，我们必须做些事情来利用垃圾。make a living as作为……谋生，make promises to承诺，make up our mind to 下决心，make use of利用，根据上文but in fact， some rubbish can be used again。 但是事实上，一些垃圾可以再次使用，因此我们必须做一些事使用垃圾。故选D。

（5）考查介词短语。句意：从现在起，我们应该采取行动。以这种方式，一些好的东西将不会On the way在路上，By the way顺便说一下被浪费。，In this way用这种方法，Out of the way人迹罕至的，结合上文，All of us want to solve the problem， we must do something to make use of rubbish。我们想解决这个问题，我们必须做一些事使用垃圾。上文提到的是使用垃圾，可知用这种方法一些好的东西才不会被浪费。故选C。

（6）考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：当一个瓶子空了，它将被当废物扔掉。when引导的时间状语从句，从句态为一般现在时，从句用一般将来时，主语it和谓语动词之间是被动关系，故此选用被动语态，故选A。

（7）考查介词。句意：来自食物的垃圾可以变为肥料使得植物更好地生长。from来自，in在……里面，on在……上面，to到，这篇短文将的是废物利用，可知此处指来自食物的垃圾，故选A。

（8）考查形容词比较级。句意：现在越来越多的机器被设计出来制造积木。比较级and 比较级表示越来越……的， fewer and fewer越来越少的，修饰可数名词复数， less and less越来越少的，修饰不可数名词，more and more越来越多的，more and less没有这种说法。结合上文，And other rubbish can also be used to make building blocks。其他的垃圾可以被用于制作积木。可知现在设计越来越多的技巧进行垃圾再利用，故选C。

（9）考查短语辨析。句意：有朝一日人们会在用垃圾建造的美丽的电影院看电影。Some day有朝一日，用于一般将来时，The other day几天前，Nowadays现在，In the day在白天，根据 people will watch films in a beautiful cinema which is built out of rubbish. 可知此处指将来某一天。故选A。

（10）考查名词。句意：但是迄今为止，用垃圾建造美丽城市还只是一个梦想。a symbol一个象征， a letter一封信，a lesson一个教训，a dream一个梦想，结合上文Besides buildings and roads， cities may be made from rubbish。除了建筑和道路之外，城市可能由垃圾制成，本句中but表示转折，可知此处表示现在来说这只是一个梦想，故选D。 【点评】此题考查完形填空。解题时先跳过空格，通读完形填空的短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，判断

其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。然后将完成的短文再细读一遍，确定问题正确答案。

12．阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Years ago, I celebrated my 40th birthday with friends in a 1 restaurant. Many arrived earlier and waited outside the restaurant, as I was on the roadside, a homeless man came near to me and 2 money. I let him know I didn't have any cash （现金）with me. With a quiet smile on his face, he moved on.

Just then a friend arrived and called out, \"Happy Birthday!\" Hearing this, the man turned and asked, \"Hey, man, it's your birthday？\"\"Yes, \"I said. He walked 3 , smiled and said, \"Happy Birthday!\" I was not 4 ready for what happened next. He took out a dollar from his dirty bag, and gave it to me, saying, \"Here man, take this. Happy Birthday! \"That's 5 . I expected he was making a joke!

Although I 6 deeply by his generosity （慷慨）, accepting money from a homeless man was embarrassing for me. I felt very uncomfortable. 7 I replied, \"Thanks, but…\"Looking directly into my eyes, he said, \"God, so good to me Every night, I always end up with a place to sleep and enough food to eat. Please take this. \"I held out my hand- 8 thinking twice, saying,\" thank you\"

This was one of my 9 life lessons— however poor we may feel, we always have something valuable to share with others. From then on I often helped people in need and treated everyone with kindness and 10 , spreading love and joy everywhere I went. 1. A. two floors B. two—floors C. two floor's D. two—floor 2. A. asked for B. looked for C. paid for 3. A. down

B. along

C. back C. Hardly C. impolite C. So

4. A. completely B. wisely 5. A. enjoyable B. lucky 6. A. moved 7. A. But

B. As

D. cared for D. ahead D. simply D. amazing D. Since

B. was moved C. was moving D. am moved

8. A. with 9. A. great 10. A. fame

B. in B. greatest B. warmth

C. without C. bad C. disbelief

D. for D. worst D. power

【答案】 （1）D；（2）A；（3）C；（4）A；（5）D；（6）B；（7）C；（8）A；（9）B；（10）B；

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文将的是我要一家饭店庆祝四十岁的生日。很多人来早了在饭店外面等着。我也在路边。这是一个乞丐走来要钱，我告诉他我没带现金。他面带笑容要离开。真正那时一个朋友到达喊出“生日快乐”。听到这话，这个人转回来对我说生日快乐并且从袋子里拿出一美元给我。我被他深深感到。这件事使我意识到无论我没感到多贫穷，我们总有珍贵的东西分享给别人。

（1）考查数词。句意：我在一间两层楼的饭店与我的朋友们庆祝我的40岁生日。A两个楼层，B两层楼，C两个楼层的，D两层楼的，两层楼的用数字—名词，从而构成形容词，两层楼的，two—floor，故选D。

（2）考查动词。句意：一个无家可归的男人走向了我并向我讨钱。A询问，B寻找，C支付，D关心，根据上文\"a homeless man came near to me \"可知他是个无家可归的人，所以他想向我讨钱，ask for sth．请求要某物，故选A。

（3）考查介词。句意：他走回来。A向下，B一起，C在……后面，D在……前面，根据上文\" he moved on\"他走开了，而又根据下文\"He took out a dollar from his dirty bag\"他给来了我一英镑，可知他是又回来了，walk back走回来，故选C。

（4）考查副词。句意：对于接下来发生的事情我完全没有准备好接受。A完全地，B机智地，C几乎不，D简单地，根据上文\"a homeless man \"他是个无家可归的人，而此时却在得知我生日就\"He took out a dollar from his dirty bag， and gave it to me\"给我一英镑，可知作者是完全没想到的，故选A。

（5）考查形容词。句意：那很惊奇。A享受的，B幸运的，C不礼貌的，D惊奇的，根据下文\"I expected he was making a joke\"我期待他只是在和我开玩笑的，因为他的行为让我很惊讶，不可思议，故选D。

（6）考查动词。句意：尽管我被他的慷慨深深感动。A感动，B被感动的，C过去正感动的，D被感动的。根据下文\"by his generosity （慷慨）\"被他的慷慨，be done by sth，被……所怎么样，联系上文，一个无家可归的人在我生日也慷慨地给了我一英镑，我是被他的行为所感动的，全篇是过去的事所以用过去式，故选B。

（7）考查连词。句意：所以我回复谢谢。A但是，B作为，C所以，D自从。根据上文\"I felt very uncomfortable\"接受一个无家可归的人的钱让我觉得很不舒服，所以我回复一句谢谢的，可知这两句话存在因果关系的，故选C。

（8）考查介词。句意：我再三思考后还是伸出了双手。A和……一起，B在……里面，C在…之外，D为……，根据上文\"accepting money from a homeless man was embarrassing for me\"接受他的钱让我觉得很尴尬的，但经过再三思考后我就\"I held out my hand\"伸出双手接受他的好意的，再三思考with twice thinking，故选A。

（9）考查形容词。句意：这是我一生中最好的教育课中的一课。A很好的，B最好的，C很坏的，D最坏的，根据\"one of my…life lessons，……之一用最高级，本文通篇是讲了一个

暖心的无家可归的人，所以是最好的教训，故选B。

（10）考查名词。句意：从那以后，我经常帮助有需要的人，我自己的热心和爱心对待他们。A名声，B温暖，C不相信，D力量，根据上文\"with kindness \"有爱心的，结合选项，and是并列连词，所以此空填的也是和kindness意思相似的词，故选B。

【点评】此题考查完形填空。先通览全文，掌握文章大意；然后再根据文章的语境特点从词语搭配、习惯用法、上下文的逻辑关系以及一般的生活常识等方面进行分析，从而选出既合语法又合语境的答案。

13．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

While at the beach this afternoon. I met a 1 called Bob We talked a lot. He said that it was fun playing on the cliffs （悬崖）. I told him 2 I was not allowed to go near that place （Mum and Dad had always told me it was dangerous to play there）. He called me a coward （胆小鬼）. I wanted to prove to him that I was just as 3 as he was, so I agreed to go with him.

We wanted to make our way down to explore （探索） the area. so Bob started to climb down 4 I followed him. 5 , some rocks came down after us. One of them nearly hit my head. We could not get back up. We shouted and shouted for help, but for a long time 6 help came. I was really scared （害怕的）. I wanted to cry. Then, we heard some 7 . Someone had heard us. A woman tied a rope around 8 while a man at the cliff top held the rope. She 9 her way down to save us.

My parents were relieved （宽慰的） that I was unhurt, but they were angry that I had done 10 a risky thing. I apologized and promised that I would not do anything like that again. 1. A. girl 2. A. if 4. A. but 6. A. not

B. boy B. that B. for B. none

C. farmer D. worker C. how C. silly C. and C. no

D. why D. brave D. or D. nothing

3. A. honest B. kind

5. A. Unluckily B. Hopefully C. Really D. Probably 7. A. wishes B. sounds C. songs D. winds 8. A. herself B. myself 9. A. did 10. A. such

B. turned B. so

C. himself D. itself C. helped D. made C. very

D. to

【答案】 （1）B；（2）B；（3）D；（4）C；（5）A；（6）C；（7）B；（8）A；（9）D；（10）A；

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述作者因证明自己是一个勇敢的男孩和一个名字叫鲍勃的男孩去爬山崖，结果山崖上滚落下来，导致两个不能爬山山崖，在下面求救，幸好有人听到他们的求救声，及时拯救了他们的故事。

（1）句意：我遇到一个叫鲍勃的男孩，并且我们聊了很多。A.女孩；B.男孩；C.农民；D.

工人。根据 Mum and Dad had always told me it was dangerous to play there和He called me a coward （胆小鬼）.可知，他们俩都是小孩，Bob是一个男孩的名词， 故选B。

（2）句意：我告诉他A.如果；B.那个，引导从句；C.怎样；D.为什么。told后接了一个宾语从句，且从句的成分完整，用连接词that引导，故选B。

（3）句意：他叫我胆小鬼。我想证明给他看我和他一样勇敢。，因此我同意和他一起去。A.诚实的；B.善良的；C.傻的；D.勇敢的。由前句，他叫我胆小鬼，因此此处是我想证明我和他一个勇敢，用brave，形容词，故选D。

（4）句意：因此鲍勃开始向下爬，我跟着他。A.但是；B.为了；C.和；D.或者。前后句是顺承关系，用连词and,连接两个句子，故选C。

（5）句意：不幸的是，一些岩石从我们身后掉下。A.不幸的是；B.希望地，抱有希望地；C.真地；D.可能。由于岩石从我们身后掉下，应该是一件很不幸的事，因此用unluckily，引出不幸的事，故选A。

（6）句意：我们一次又一次大声叫求助，但是很长时间没有来人帮助。A.不；B.没有一个；C.没有；D.没有什么。no,没有，形容词，常放在名词前，修饰名词，no help came没有救援来，故选C。

（7）句意：然后，我们听到一些声音。A.希望；B.声音；C.歌曲；D.风。根据 Someone had heard us.可知有人听到我们的求救，他们一定会发出救援的声音，以便寻到我们，用sounds，声音， 故选B。

（8）句意：当一个男人在悬崖顶上握住绳子时，有一个女人在自己身上系了一根绳子。A.她自己；B.我自己；C.他自己；D.它自己。主语和宾语是同一个人，宾语用其反身代词，主语是a woman，其反身代词用herself，她自己，故选A。

（9）句意：她下去救我们。A.做，干；B.转动，转身；C.帮助；D.制造，make one's way前往，固定搭配，故选D。

（10）句意：父母感到宽慰的是我没有受伤，但是他们很生气，我做了一件如此危险的事情。A.如此；B.如此；C.very；D.朝。such和so均表示如此的意思，但用法不同，so是副词，后修饰形容词或副词，such是形容词，后修饰的中心词是名词，so risky a thing=such a risky thing，故选A。

【点评】考查完型填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先跳过空格通读全文掌握其大意。然后一一作答。注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证答案。

14．阅读下面一篇短文，掌握其大意，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。

How much time do you spend in front of a screen every day? If your answer is about one hour. Then maybe you are one of the 1 teenagers in the world.

Scientists did a 2 .They asked students aged 13 to 18 how long it 3 them to have fun on phones and computers. They also asked about 4 feelings of happiness. They found that those who spend more time on their smart phones are unhappier. \"Spend no more than two hours a day on digital media（电子产品）, 5 try to spend more time with friends and on exercise. These two activities bring greater happiness.\" Jean Twenge, the scientist who led the study, said.

1. A. happy B. happier C. happiest 2. A. survey B. discovery C. test 3. A. takes B. spends C. costs 4. A. your B. our 5. A. but

B. and

C. their C. or

【答案】 （1）C；（2）A；（3）A；（4）C；（5）B；

【解析】【分析】本文主要围绕青少年在电子产品上花费的时间与幸福感的关系展开讨论。

（1）考查形容词的比较级和最高级。句意：如果你的答案是大约一个小时，那么你可能是这世界上最幸福的青少年了。one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，A幸福的，B更幸福的，C最幸福的。故选C。

（2）考查名词辨析。句意：科学家们做了一个调查。A.调查， B发现，C测试。科学家们应该做的是调查。故选A。

（3）考查动词辨析。句意：他们问13﹣18岁的学生玩电脑和手机会花费他们多少时间。三个选项都有花费（时间）的意思，take的用法：It takes sb +时间 to do sth。spend的用法：sb spend +时间+（in）doing sth。cost的用法：（doing） sth. costs sb.+时间，故选A。 （4）考查代词辨析。句意：他们还问他们的幸福感。此处their指的是前文的students，可知此处指他们的，A你们的，B我们的。C.their他们的，故选C。

（5）考查连词辨析。句意：每天在电子产品上花费的时间不要超过两个小时，并且尝试着花费更多的时间在朋友或锻炼上。A但是，B和，C或者。前后两个句子是并列顺承关系。故选B。

【点评】此题考查完形填空。先通读短文理解短文大意，然后认真阅读每个句子，根据上下文的联系确定句子中所缺的成分，然后根据句意和英语语法知识确定句中所缺的单词，选出正确选项。

15．阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的三个或四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A small village was being troubled by a lion. It would come out at night and kill people, as well as kill their chickens and cows.

One day, the village leader sent a 1 to a great hunter（猎人）, Jones, asking him to come and kill the lion. Jones agreed and began to take action. Jones spent several 2 waiting for the lion, but it never came out.

Finally, Jones told the village leader to kill a cow and give him its skin（皮）. He would 3 the skin and pretend （假装） to be a cow so that the lion would come out. This way, he could get a chance to kill the lion. After putting the cow's skin over his shoulders, Jones went to a farm to wait for the lion.

In the middle of the night, the villagers 4 to the sound of shouting coming from the farm. They thought Jones was in danger and quickly ran to the farm. When they arrived, they saw Jones 5 on the ground, crying in pain. There was no sign of the lion at all.

\"What happened, Jones? Where is the lion? Did you get hurt?\" asked the village leader. \"Forget the lion!\" Jones shouted. \"Who 6 the bull（公牛） out?\" 1. A. map 2. A. days 3. A. wear 5. A. lying 6. A. let

B. message C. gift B. mornings C. nights B. use

C. eat C. listened C. drive

4. A. stopped B. woke

B. ask

B. standing C. jumping

【答案】 （1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）B；（5）A；（6）C；

【解析】【分析】本文讲述一个小村庄正受到一头狮子的困扰，Jones扮成母牛猎杀狮子而闹出的笑话。

（1）句意： 一天，村长发给一位伟大的猎人，琼斯，一个信息，请他来杀狮子。 A地图，B信息，C礼物，send a message，固定搭配， 发送信息，故选B。

（2）句意： 琼斯花了几个晚上寻找狮子，但它从未出现过。 A天，B早上，C晚上，根据 It would come out at night可知是晚上 ，故选C。

（3）句意： 他会穿上皮假装一头母牛，这样狮子就能出来了。 A穿着，B使用，C吃，根据 pretend （假装） to be a cow可知是穿上牛皮 ，故选A。

（4）句意： 半夜，村民被农场传来的叫喊声惊醒。 A停止，B醒来，C听，根据 In the middle of the night可知夜晚人们在睡觉，故是惊醒，故选B。

（5）句意： 当他们到达时，他们看见琼斯躺在地上痛苦地哭泣。 lie one the ground，固定搭配，躺着地上，故选A。

（6）句意： 谁把公牛赶出来了？ A让，B问，C驱赶，根据Jones累的躺着地上可知，公牛在追赶“母牛”，故是驱赶才能让牛跑得快，故选C。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

16．完形填空

Can you imagine that we could build a beautiful city with rubbish? Maybe you will think it is 1 . However, it can be true! Nothing is a waste if we have a creative mind. Let me show you something about 2 rubbish.

Sometimes we can see tons of rubbish in the streets, on the roads, near the buildings... here and there. Many large cities became so ugly 3 it. Nobody likes rubbish, but in fact, some rubbish can be used again. All of us want to solve the problem, we must do something to 4 rubbish. We should take action from now on. 5 , some good things will not be wasted.

Do you often throw away things you don't need any more? Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good use? For Example, when a car gets too old, it may not run any more. But we can use the metal of the car to make something else. When a bottle is

empty, it 6 as waste. You don't know bottle glass can be made into sand and used to build streets. Rubbish 7 food can be changed into fertilizer to make plants grow better. It is cheap and safe. And other rubbish can also be used to make building blocks. Now, 8 machines are designed for that.

9 , people will watch films in a beautiful cinema which is built out of rubbish. Besides buildings and roads, cities may be made from rubbish. But so far, building beautiful cities made from rubbish is only 10 . 1. A. important 2. A. returning 3. A. because 4. A. make a living as 5. A. On the way 7. A. from

8. A. fewer and fewer 9. A. Some day 10. A. a symbol A；（10）D；

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了用垃圾建筑城市的梦想。

（1）句意： 也许你会认为这是难以置信的。A重要的，B同情的，C难以置信的，D可能的，根据行为 However, it can be true可知能与可能构成转折关系的是难以置信的 ， 故选C。

（2）句意： 让我给你看一些关于垃圾再利用的东西。A归还，B再用，C反射，D重复，根据 Nothing is a waste if we have a creative mind 如果我们有创造性的头脑，没有什么是浪费可知是再利用 ，故选B。

（3）句意： 许多大城市因为它变得如此丑陋。A因为，引导从句，B因为，接宾语，C代替，Das for至于，根据 Sometimes we can see tons of rubbish in the streets, on the roads, near the buildings... 有时，我们可以在街道上、道路上、建筑物附近看到大量垃圾，可知因为这些垃圾使得城市丑陋，it是宾格作宾语，故用because of ， 故选B。 （4）句意： 我们都想解决这个问题，我们必须做些什么来利用垃圾。A以......某生，B向......作出承诺，C下决心，D利用，根据 rubbish can be used again可知是来及利用 ， 故选D。

（5）句意： 以这种方式一些好东西不会被浪费。A在路上，B顺便，C用这种方式，D不碍事，根据垃圾再利用是一种方式，故选C。

（6）句意： 当一个瓶子空了，它就被当做废物扔掉。when引导的时间状语从句，主语时态是一般将来时，主语it和throw是被动关系，故是一般将来时被动语态，故选A。 （7）句意： 来自食品的垃圾可以变成肥料，使植物长得更好。A来自......，B在......里，C在......上，D到，根据本文将垃圾利用，故此处指垃圾的出处用from，故选A。

B. understanding B. reusing B. because of B. By the way B. in B. less and less B. The other day B. a letter

C. unbelievable C. reflecting C. instead of C. In this way C. on

C. more and more C. Nowadays C. a lesson

D. possible D. repeating D. as for D. Out of the way D. was thrown away D. to

D. more and less D. In the day D. a dream

B. make promises to C. make up our mind to D. make use of

6. A. will be thrown away B. will throw away C. threw away

【答案】 （1）C；（2）B；（3）B；（4）D；（5）C；（6）A；（7）A；（8）C；（9）

（8）句意： 现在，越来越多的机器就是为此而设计的。 machines是名词复数，less修饰不可数名词故排除B和D，fewer更少，此处根据 designed for that可知是越来越多的机器被设计 ， 故选C。

（9）句意： 有朝一日人们会在用垃圾建造的美丽电影院看电影。A有朝一日，B另一天，C目前，D在白天，根据 people will watch可知是对未来的预测故是有朝一日 ， 故选A。

（10）句意： 但是到目前为止，用垃圾建造美丽的城市只是梦想。A符号，B信，C课，D梦想，根据 Can you imagine that we could build a beautiful city with rubbish，可知此处是设想，梦想 ， 故选D。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

17．通读短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确答案填空。

One day a boy 1 his home to find the Bird of Happiness. He 2 the bird to bring warmth, flowers and trees to his village.

Before long, he met a monster （怪兽） with a black beard （胡子）. The monster asked him 3 he was going. The boy told him.

\"I'll tell you where it is,\" the monster said, \"but you must kill someone for me. If you don't, I'll take away all your food and drink. \"The boy 4 , so the monster took all of them away. Before long, the boy was very 5 and thirsty. Then he met a monster with a white beard. \"I'll tell you where the Bird of Happiness is,\" the monster said,\" but you must blind someone 6 me. If you don't, I'll blind you. \"The boy refused, and the monster blinded him.

At last, the boy reached the top of the mountain where the Bird of Happiness lived. He lay before the bird, near death.

Then the bird touched his eyes and he could 7 again. The bird fed him, built up his strength and carried him home.

8 the bird landed in the boy's 9 , the countryside all around turned green. Flowers and other plants grew and everyone lived in peace. It was all 10 the brave boy brought the Bird of Happiness home to them. 1. A. got to 2. A. wanted 3. A. what 4. A. agreed 5. A. hungry 6. A. to 7. A. listen 9. A. factory 10. A. when

B. left B. had

C. missed C. made

B. when C. where B. refused C. answered B. excited C. full B. for B. see

C. of C. speak

8. A. As soon as B. Though C. If

B. village C. school B. so

C. because

【答案】 （1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）B；（5）A；（6）B；（7）B；（8）A；（9）B；（10）C；

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要讲述了一个男孩去寻找幸福之鸟的途中的所见所闻。 （1）句意：有一天，一个男孩离开他的家去找幸福之鸟。A去到，B离开，C想念。根据动词不定式 to find the Bird of Happiness 为了找到幸福之鸟，可知是离开家乡。故选B。 （2）句意：他想要这只鸟给他的村子带来温暖、花朵和树木。A想要，B有，C使/做。根据固定搭配want sb. to do sth.想要某人去做某事，可知此处应用动词wanted，表“想要”。故选A。

（3）句意：怪兽问他要去哪里。A什么，B何时，C哪里。根据 he was going 他要去的，可知指地点，应用where。故选C。

（4）句意：男孩拒绝了，所以怪兽把他们都拿走了。A同意，B拒绝，C回答。根据上文 \"but you must kill someone for me. If you don't, I'll take away all your food and drink. \" “但是你得为我杀某个人。如果你不的话，我会把你的食物和水都拿走”，和下文 so the monster took all of them away. 所以怪兽把他们都拿走了。可知男孩拒绝了。故选B。

（5）句意：不久之后，男孩非常饥饿和口渴。A饥饿的，B兴奋的，C饱的。根据 I'll take away all your food and drink.和and thirsty，口渴 ，可知男孩没有水和食物，因此又饿又渴。故选A。

（6）句意：但你必须为我弄瞎某人。根据固定搭配，do sth. for sb.，为某人做某事，可知此处应用介词for，表“为”。故选B。

（7）句意：然后鸟儿碰了他的眼睛，他又可以看得见了。A听，B看到，C说。根据上文 The boy refused, and the monster blinded him.可知，怪兽把男孩弄瞎了，鸟儿触碰他的眼睛使他再能看见。故选B。

（8）句意：鸟儿一降落在男孩的村庄上，周围的农村都变绿色了。A一……就……；B尽管；C如果。根据下文 the countryside all around turned green周围的农村都变绿色了 ，可知是鸟儿一降落，村庄就发生了变化。故选A。

（9）句意：鸟儿一降落在男孩的村庄上，周围的农村都变绿色了。A工厂，B村庄，C学校。根据上文 The bird fed him, built up his strength and carried him home. 鸟儿喂养他，强健他的体魄并把他带回家，可知此处应是降落在男孩的家乡，即一个村子。故选B。 （10）句意：这都是因为勇敢的男孩吧幸福之鸟给他们带回了家。A当，B所以，C因为。根据前文可知鸟儿一降落在男孩的村庄上，周围的农村都变绿色了，这都是因为男孩带回来的幸福之鸟，因此此处应用连词because，表“因为”。故选C。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

18．阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 Life is short, so you have to make the most of it. Has anybody ever told you that? Maybe they just said ''YOLO\" to you instead. It 1 \"You Only Live Once\social media.

Having a YOLO attitude means that you make the 2 of every day. It means you life, 3 you only get one. Someone who has a YOLO attitude is always open to doing new and fun activities.

Now, thanks to a US study, YOLO might be more than just a popular 4 The study found it might be 5 to have a YOLO attitude!

A research team did an experiment with two groups of students 6 different US universities. One group pretended （假装） they only had 30 days left before moving to a new city. They did lots of activities and 7 time with people they loved. In other words, they had a YOLO lifestyle. Another group continued to live 8 normal lives.

At the end of the experiment the students did a survey to 9 how happy they were. It showed that the first group was much happier.

\"The study shows that being and making close friendships are important to 10 life,\" the research group told The Washington Post. However, they also called on others to do experiments with different groups of people and. see if their results were similar. 1. A. stands for B. waits for C. thinks of D. points at 2. A. worst 3. A. when 4. A. saying 6. A. to 7. A. cost 8. A. our 10. A. losing

B. most B. if B. book B. from B. paid B. his

C. least C. idea

D. farthest D. poem

C. because D. until

5. A. happier B. weaker C. stronger D. faster

C. about D. with C. took C. your

D. spent D. their

9. A. put out B. find out C. take out D. give out

B. saving C. enjoying D. killing

【答案】 （1）A；（2）B；（3）C；（4）A；（5）A；（6）B；（7）D；（8）D；（9）B；（10）C；

【解析】【分析】短文大意：文章介绍了一种新的生活态度，生命是短暂的，不要怕冒

险，想做什么就做什么，享受人生，有这样生活态度的人生活的更幸福。 （1）考查动词短语。句意：它代表着\"你仅仅生活一次\"。A. stands for代表；B. waits for等待；C. thinks of想到；D. points at指着；根据''YOLO\"和 \"You Only Live Once\"可知是缩写，

代表；故选A。

（2）考查形容词辨析。句意：你可以充分利用每一天。A. worst最差的；B. most最多的；C. least最少的；D. farthest最远的；根据 Life is short, so you have to make the most of

it.可知此处是充分利用每一天，要填most，故选B。

（3）考查连词。句意：因为你只有一次生命。A. when当---时候；B. if如果；C. because因为；D. until直到；根据It means you life,和 you only get one. 之间 关系，可知是因为；

故选C。

（4）考查名词辨析。句意：YOLO或许不止是一个流行的谚语。A. saying谚语，格言；B. book书；C. idea主意；D. poem诗歌；根据is a very popular saying on social media. 可知是

格言，谚语；故选A。

（5）考查形容词辨析。句意：研究发现有YOLO生活态度的人更幸福。A. happier更幸福；B. weaker更弱；C. stronger更壮；D. faster更快；根据It showed that the first group was

much happier. 可知有YOLO生活态度的人更幸福；故选A。

（6）考查介词。句意：一个调查组对来自不同的美国大学的两组学生做了个实验。此处介绍的是实验人群的来历，A. to到；B. from来自；C. about关于；D. with和；故选B。 （7）考查动词辨析。句意：他们做许多活动和他们喜欢的人一起度过时光。A. cost花费；B. paid支付；C. took花费；D. spent花费，度过；根据spend,/cost/take/pay都可以表示花费。spend主语是人， spend time/money on sth在……上花时间、金钱；cost主语是物或某种活动，sth costs money某物花了多少钱；take通常是一个固定结构，it takes sb time to do sth做某事花了某人多长时间；pay主语是人，pay money for sth，买某物花了多少

钱，故选D。

（8）考查物主代词。句意：另一组继续过他们的正常生活。A. our我们的；B. his他的；C.

your你的；D. their他们的；根据Another group可知是过他们的生活；故选D。 （9）考查动词短语。句意：在实验结束时学生做了调查弄清楚他们多幸福。A. put out扑灭；B. find out弄清楚；C. take out拿出；D. give out分发，公布；根据the students did a

survey 和how happy they were弄清楚；故选B。

（10）考查动词辨析。句意：研究显示有亲密的友谊对于享受生活是重要的。A. losing丢失；B. saving挽救；C. enjoying享受；D. killing杀死；根据One group pretended （假装） they only had 30 days left before moving to a new city. They did lots of activities and 7 time with people they loved. In other words, they had a YOLO lifestyle. It showed that the first group was much happier. 可知是享受生活；故选C。

【点评】此题考查完形填空。完形填空题则侧重于对语用能力的考查，它更注重对语篇的理解，而不是对单个句子的理解。要想做好完形填空题必须始终注意对文章的理解和注意上下文的呼应，这是完形填空题的做题原则。绝大多数完形填空题，只看单个的句子，有时所提供的四个选项从语法角度来看都讲得通，但是在具体的语篇中只能有一个正确答案。

19．请认真阅读下列短文从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 British people are famous for apologizing （道歉） in almost every situation. 1 we are apologizing for asking a question, for our bad weather or we sneeze before others （打喷嚏）, we are probably the number-one nation for apologies. We pride ourselves on our polite 2 in public. As a result, we use the word \"sorry\" quite a lot—even when we don't really 3 it! Usually, if you want to ask someone for the time, you would start by saying \"Sorry to bother you. Do you know the time?\" If you're five minutes late for an appointment （约会）, you would generally 4 the person by saying \"Sorry, I'm late! We use the word \"sorry\" in so many different situations that the meaning of the word has slightly 5 over time. The two main dictionary definitions （定义） of \"sorry\" are: feeling sad for someone else because of their problems or feeling regret because you've done something wrong. Usually, when you want to ask a stranger a question, you 6 with \"Sorry to disturb you.\" In this situation, we aren't saying sorry because we feel sad for that person or because we feel regret. So what does \"sorry\"

really mean? Well, in the British 7 , saying \"sorry\" is a way to be polite, especially to people who you don't know very well. It's also a very 8 way to get what you want. 9 , an actor asked different people on a rainy day if he could use their mobile phones. When he asked one group of strangers without apologizing first, he was only 9 per cent successful in borrowing their phones. 10 , when he apologized to another group about the bad weather before asking if he could use their mobile phones, he was 47 per cent successful. So maybe saying \"sorry\" is not just being polite, but it is also a good method to get what you want too! 1. A. When 3. A. mean 4. A. tell 6. A. start 7. A. history 8. A. safe 9. A. Finally

B. Whether B. enjoy B. face B. lead B. tradition B. clever B. Usually

C. Before C. accept

D. Though D. use

2. A. activities B. conversations C. manners D. discussions

C. remind D. greet C. improved D. changed C. reply C. brave

D. go D. true

C. culture D. habit C. Mostly D. Recently C. Instead D. Moreover

5. A. developed B. appeared

10. A. Otherwise B. However D；（10）B；

【答案】 （1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）D；（6）A；（7）C；（8）B；（9）【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章分析了\"对不起\"这种礼貌用语在英国的普遍性，并分析了它在不同场合不同的意义。利用这种礼貌用语也是达成自己目标的一种匆忙的做法。 （1）连词辨析。句意：不管我们是为提问道歉，还是为我们的坏天气道歉，还是在别人面前打喷嚏（打喷嚏），我们都可能是道歉的头号国家。A. 当……时候；B. 是否；是……，或者……，不管；C. 在……之前；D. 虽然; 尽管; 即使。根据下文的 or 推断出应填写一个表示“选择”的关系词，此空是表示两种情况都真实是……（还是），或者……（或者），不管…（还是）的意思whether...or...，是……还是……，固定搭配，故选B。

（2）名词辨析。句意：我们为自己在公共场合的礼貌而自豪。A. 活动；B. 对话；C. 礼仪，方法; 举止; 态度；D. 讨论。根据空前our polite可知，可知后面是行为，举止，故选C。

（3）动词辨析。句意：因此，我们经常使用“对不起”这个词，即使我们不是真的有意的！A. 有……的目的，表示……的意思， 意思是，意味着；B. 享受；C. 接受；D. 使用。 根据空前don't really可知，此空的意思是有意，此空故填mean，故选A。

（4）动词辨析。句意：如果你约会迟到了五分钟，你通常会说“对不起，我迟到了！”给人打招呼。 A. 告诉B. 面对C. 提醒D. 和（某人）打招呼（或问好）;欢迎;迎接;（以某种方式）对……作出反应，问候。根据句意可知，此空是和（某人）打招呼（或问好），问候的意思，此空故填greet，故选D。

（5）动词辨析。句意：我们在很多不同的情况下使用“对不起”这个词，这个词的意思随着时间的推移略有变化。A. 发展；B. 出现；C. 改善；D. 改变，变化;使不同;（使）变换。

根据 We use the word \"sorry\" in so many different situations可知，在不同的情况下，词意是是变化，改变的意思，故选D。

（6）动词辨析。句意：通常，当你想问陌生人一个问题时，你会从“抱歉打扰你”开始。A. 开始；B. 领导；C. 回复；D. 去。根据固定短语start with以…开始。固定短语，故选A。 （7）名词辨析。句意：在英国文化中，说“对不起”是一种礼貌的方式，尤其是对那些你不太了解的人。A. 历史；B. 传统；C. 文化；D. 习惯。根据tradition 和 culture，tradition 更多指的是元宵节闹花灯，过年吃团圆 饭，圣诞节装饰圣诞树等约定俗成的传统；culture 则是不同的文化，会造成不同人的习惯或行为方式。可知，此处指文化故选C。

（8）形容词辨析。句意：这也是一个非常聪明的方法来得到你想要的。A. 安全的；B. 聪明的；C. 勇敢的；D. 真实的。根据空前a和空后clever可知，此空应填形容词，根据句意可知，方法，方式用“聪明的”来修饰，故选B。

（9）副词辨析。句意：最近一个演员在雨天问不同的人是否可以使用他们的手机。A. 最后；B. 通常；C. 大部分；D. 不久前， 最近。根据后文开始讲一个演员做一个社会调查的故事，可知此处是时间状语，指在某个时候做的这件事，故选D。

（10）副词辨析。句意：然而，当他在询问是否可以使用他们的手机之前就恶劣天气向另一组人道歉时，他成功了47%。A. 否则；B. （与形容词或副词连用）无论到什么程度，不管多么；不管怎样；无论如何；然而，不过，但是；C. 代替；D. 此外。根据上句When he asked one group of strangers without apologizing first, he was only 9 per cent successful in borrowing their phones. 可知，此空表示转折关系，并且在句首，此空故填However，故选B。

【点评】此题考查完形填空。 通读全文，了解大意。 解析命题中的逻辑推理、上下文及情景语境方面的内容起着决定性作用。 因此在做完形填空的时候一定要一气呵成去读短文，不要中断思路。 在通读全文，了解大意的基础上开始答题。答题时要根据短文的内容和要求，结合短文的主题思想，对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。要弄清空缺词句的确切含义，并对每一个空白的四个选项进行认真分析，反复推敲。推断答案。 最后一次阅读全文也是检查所选择的答案是否能够保证短文的意思完整、语义合理、语法正确的关键步骤。

20．请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 One day a lion met a spider, who was just busy making a web. The lion 1 for a while and said，\"How clever you are! How did you learn to do that?\" The spider answered proudly,\" I learned it from my mother.\"

The lion watched a longer while. Then he asked the spider, \"But why don't you catch your food in the way that I do?\"

\"I am just a small animal,\" the spider 2 .\"I cannot run fast or fly. 3 with my web I can catch flying insects（昆虫），and I don't even have to run after them.\"

The lion then asked,\" Could you make a 4 for me? Then I would not have to run after animals either.\"

\"Sorry,\"the spider said.\"My web can only catch flying insects. But you cannot love 5 . them.\"

The lion was 6 with the spider. She did not have to work 7 for food. And she would not help him get his food. So he hit the web and broke it. But the spider jumped 8 the lion's back and bit him.

\"Now you will remember me,\" said the spider as she jumped into the grass. \"Think carefully 9 you do something bad to other animals. Some of us may be small, but we are very smart.\" The lion tried to scratch（挠）his back, but he could not reach 10 the spider bit.. It itched （发痒）for several days. He remembered the smart spider for a long time. 1. A. rested B. walked C. watched D. listened 2. A. replied B. ran 3. A. And 4. A. coat

B. Or

C. asked C. But

D. agreed D. Then

B. web C. home D. wish

D. crazy D. lonely D. though D. how

5. A. making B. finding C. selling D. eating 6. A. angry B. happy C. sad 7. A. hard B. quickly C. late 8. A. into

9. A. before B. after C. until 10. A. when B. where C. what A；（10）B；

【解析】【分析】短文大意：狮子看蜘蛛织网，感叹他的生活不易，想让蜘蛛为他织一张网，捕获食物，但是狮子不喜欢吃昆虫，后来狮子破坏了网，蜘蛛咬了他。

（1）句意：这个狮子看了一会儿并且说。A,rested休息，B.walked走过，C.watched看，D.listened听。根据后文提到 How clever you are! How did you learn to do that? 可知，这个狮子看了一会儿，填入watched，故选C。

（2）句意：我只是一个小的动物，这个蜘蛛回复。A.replied回复，B.ran跑，C.asked询问，D.agreed同意。根据此处对狮子的言论进行回复，可知填入replied，故选A。 （3）句意；但是我的网能够抓住飞的昆虫。A.And和，B.Or或者，C.But但是，D.Then然后。根据文章提到 I cannot run fast or fly ，可知前后表示转折，填入but，故选C。 （4）句意；你能为我做一张网吗？A.coat外套，B.web网，C.home家，D.wish祝愿。根据后文提到 Then I would not have to run after animals either 可知，空缺的意义为网，填入web，故选B。

（5）句意：但是你不会喜欢吃它们。A.making制造，B.finding发现，C.selling销售，D.eating吃。根据上文提到网抓住昆虫，狮子不会喜欢吃，空缺填入eating，故选D。 （6）句意：狮子对蜘蛛很生气。A.angry生气的，B.happy高兴地，C.sad悲伤地，D.crazy疯狂的。根据后文提到的 So he hit the web and broke it 可知，狮子很生气，填入angry，故选A。

（7）句意：她不需要努力工作得到食物。A.hard难的，B.quickly快速的，C.late晚，D.lonely孤独的。根据上文提到蜘蛛不需要追食物，可知空缺的意义为努力工作，填入hard，故选A。

（8）句意：但是蜘蛛朝狮子的后面跳跃并咬了他。A.into进入，B.onto朝，C.under在……

B. onto C. under D. with

【答案】 （1）C；（2）A；（3）C；（4）B；（5）D；（6）A；（7）A；（8）B；（9）

下面，D.with和。根据短语jump onto，跳跃到，结合宾语为back，可知用介词onto，故选B。

（9）句意；在你对其他动物做不好的事情之前三思。A.before在……之前，B.after在……之后，C.until直到……才，D.though尽管。根据think发生在do something bad前后，空缺填入介词before，故选A。

（10）句意；但是他不能抓到蜘蛛咬的地方。A.when当……时，B.where哪里，C.what什么，D.how如何。结合此处引导名词从句，做reach的宾语，可知用where引导，故选B。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力 ， 答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。