上善教育 外研社八上动词不定式作宾语补足语、目的状语
一． 动词不定式作宾语补足语
1. because it allows people to get closer to them. 因为它允许你们更近距离的接触它们。 Allow是动词，people 是宾语 to get closer to them 作宾语people的补足语
2. the world wide fund for nature chose the panda to be its symbol. 世界自然基金会选择了大熊猫作为其标志。Choose----chose 是动词，the panda 是宾语 to be its symbol 作宾语补足语
3. ask sb to do sth 让某人做某事 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事
invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
4. tell sb not do sth 告诉某人不要做某事
my teacher tells us not to make too much noise. 我的老师告诉我们不要弄出太大声音。
My friend invites me to his home. 我的朋友邀请我去他的家里。
5. help/let/make sb do sth 帮助某人做某事/让某人做某事
his words makes everyone laugh. 他的话让每个人都笑了
she helps me do my homework. 她帮助我做作业
二． 动词不定式作目的状语：做某事是为了什么.
1. the wwf is working hard to save them all. 世界自然基金会
正在努力挽救所有的动物。To save them all 是目的状语
2. Dylan trained hard to improve his basketball skills. 迪伦刻苦训练一提高自己的篮球技能。
2. To improve his basketball skills, Dylan trained hard.
动词不定式（the infinitive）
to+动词原形 ，其否定形式是“not/never to do”/not do.
不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化。
一.不定式的句法功能
1.It’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American school. (做主语)
不定式做主语时,常用代词it 来代替不定式结构, 这时 it 被称为形式主语,而作为句子真正主语的不定式则被后置.往往放v.和adj.之后.
e.g. To learn English well is not easy. = It’s not easy to learn English well.
不定式的逻辑主语有时用“of/for+名词或代词宾格”构成。 It’s + adj for/of sb to do sth.
1. It’s very nice of them __________(send) me the flowers.
2. ____ (become) a teacher is my dream.
3. It’s very important to learn English well.(同义句转换)
_____ _____ English well ______ very important.
4.It’s important _____Chinese well.
A. to learn B. learn C. learning D. learns
2. The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. (做表语) 表语是用来表示主语的身份,状态和特征等.可与系动词构成系表结构. Her wish is to study in Ji Yan Middle school. My job is to clean the streets 1.My friends want ________(book) some tickets to the movie for us. 2. My parents decide _____ (give) me more money. 3. He plans _____ (go) to Beijing for a holiday. 4. The boy hopes ______ (pass) the English exam. 5. My little son is able _____ (read) some words.
6. I’ll try my best _____ (help) you. 7. She would like _____ (become) beautiful. 4.Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets. (做宾语补足语) 动词不定式作宾语补足语,常见的动词有 tell , ask , want , would like , wish , teach , help , order ,invite, get, allow, send, lead 等. 常构成下面的句式： V + sb /sth + to do V +sb /sth not /never +to do She told me not to give the book to him. I asked Paul to carry the box. 1.Don’t ask Jim ___(go) swimming with us, because his mother won’t allow him ____(do) so.
2. Does you mother like you ____a doctor?
A. being B. to be C. are D. become
3. My teacher always tells me ____ (study) hard.
4. I don’t want you ____ (help) me. 5. She’d like me ____ (join) them.
6. I wish you ____ (have) a good time. 7、My best friends teach me ____ (swim). 8. Her boyfriend often invites her ____ (have) dinner.
9. My mother always gets my father ____ (do) housework.
10. I order you ____ (wash) your hands.
5. 但使役动词（let .make .have)和感官动词(see .watch.look at .hear. feel)的宾补常省to句式如下：V. +sb/sth +do 其否定形式为： V +sb /sth +not /never do His mother let him not watch TV。 He often makes his sister wash his clothes。 1. When they went into the park, they saw someone _____ Chinese Kongfu .
A. plays B. played C. to play D. playing
2.Mr. Brown made his students _____ the new words again.
A. copying B. copy C. to copy D. copied
3.Please let the students___ down. A.
sitting B. sat C. sit D. to sit
4.—Is Wei Fang good at singing?--- Yes, she is. We often hear her _____ in her room.
A.to sing B. sing C. sings D.singing
5.A strange noise made me___(stop) my work.
5.Why don’t we have a show to raise money? (做目的状语) 不定式作状语一般表示目的，原因或结果． We are sorry to hear that. 原因 Let’s stop to have a rest. (表行为的目的) She didn’t work hard enough to pass the exam. 结果 1. She sells flowers___make money. A.made B.make C.to make D.to be made
2.The room is not big enough ____.
A.to live in B. to be lived in C.to live D. for living
3. I’m sorry ______ you .
A. trouble B. trouble with C. to trouble D. trouble about
4. He is too young ___ (go) to school.
6. 作定语(后置） 1.Do you have anything more_______ ﹙要说﹚? 2.She has a lot of work _______﹙做﹚ every day . 3. The old man has a house _________ ﹙住﹚. 4. She is a nice person__________ ﹙共事﹚ . 7、只能跟ving 的动词： ❖ finish, enjoy, mind, keep(on), practise, feel like(want), be busy ard to doing, can’t help doing, 8、既可以跟动词不定式 又可以跟Ving 的几组动词 ❖ 而意思无太大区别的： ❖ like to do like doing ❖ prefer. hate begin start ……. remember to do 记得要去做 remember doing 记得曾经做过 Please remember to bring your book with you tomorrow. doing . give up, look forw
I remember bringing my book this morning. forget doing 曾经做过这件事，但后来忘了 forget to do 忘记要做一件事 （根本没做） ❖ I often forget to turn off the light, but I remember turning it off last night. ①find it+adj+to do =find (that) it is to do. ②think it…to do… =think (that) it is adj+to do sth. . It’s time to do sth. It’s one’s duty to do sth It’s one’s turn to do sth Take turns to do sth. It takes sb some time to do sth It costs sb some money to do sth 主语+ adj to do sth 在学习不定式中,我们需要注意些什么呢?
.记住基本形式: to do 否定not to do
to do 是非谓语动词,没有人称和数的变化,不能充当谓语. 但可以和系动词构成系表结构.如: My dream is to be a doctor.
使役动词,接to do作宾语补足语时,必须省去to.如: Do you often see him play tennis on the playground?
充当后置定语时,要特别注意动词的不定式短语中介词要不要省去.如: The old man have no house to live in.
