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TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (99)

-GRADE FOUR-

TIME LIMIT: 140 MIN.

PART I DICTATION

MIN.]

[15

Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.

Please write the whole passage on Answer Sheet Two.

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION

[20 MIN.]

In Sections A and B you will hear everything once only. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.

SECTION A CONVERSATION

In this section, you will hear eight short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following eight questions.

1. Mark refused to take the job because A. the working hours were not suitable. B. the job was not well paid.

C. he had to do a lot of travelling. D. the job was quite difficult.

2. What do they think about the restaurant? A. The service there is not good. B. The food might not be good. C. The waiter is not hospitable. D. The restaurant is too small.

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3.

Which language does Mary speak well? A. Chinese. B. French. C. Japanese. D. English.

4. The woman believes that John A. was playing a joke. B. was leaving Boston. C. was moving to Boston.

D. was selling his house himself.

5. The woman should have arrived by A. 10:45. B. 10:40. C. 10:55. D. 11:00.

6. What do we learn from the conversation? A. John is not sick.

B. John is feeling better. C. Jack hasn‟t been sick. D. Jack has not got better.

7. The tone of the man is that of A. surprise. B. sarcasm.

C. disappointment. D. humour.

8. The two speakers are probably A. in a parking ground. B. at a ferry-crossing. C. in a traffic jam. D. at a petrol station.

SECTION B NEWS BROADCAST

Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.

Now listen to the news.

9. Some Haitians are on strike in order to A. get proper medical treatment . B. ask for their political rights.

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C. protest against the US decision. D. demand food supply aid from USA.

10. The strikers are denied entry into the US because A. AIDS virus has been found among them. B. they can not get political asylum in the US. C. the US government has refused to take them. D. they don‟t accept proper medical treatment.

Question 11 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.

Now listen to the news.

11. The US auto-makers decided to stop their action because

A. Japanese auto-makers promised to stop dumping cars in the US. B. the Government promised to solve the US-Japan trade imbalance. C. three US companies have ended the US-Japan trade imbalance. D. Japan agreed to sell cars at the agreed prices inside the US .

Questions 12 and 13 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.

Now listen to the news.

12. Where did the storms first strike? A. The eastern US. B. The Gulf of Mexico. C. The Canadian border. D. Some areas in Cuba.

13. The storms have resulted in the following EXCEPT A. death and damage.

B. disruption of air services. C. destruction of crops. D. relocation of people.

Question 14 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.

Now listen to the news.

14. According to the news, France was strongly criticized for A. conducting five nuclear tests on Wednesday.

B. carrying out a series of nuclear tests in the Pacific. C. getting disappointing results in the nuclear program. D. refusing to sign a global treaty banning nuclear tests.

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Questions 15 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.

Now listen to the news.

15. The news item is mainly about A. air traffic problems. B. safety improvement. C. the number of flights. D. flight training courses.

Questions 16 and 17 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.

Now listen to the news.

16. What is the purpose of the meeting in Luxembourg? A. To control patrol boats on the River Danube. B. To end economic sanctions against Serbia. C. To step up economic sanctions against Serbia. D. To send police officers to search the river.

17. International efforts against Serbia have been ineffective because A. ships carrying illegal supplies still sail along the river. B. more illegal goods have been carried over land. C. local authorities didn‟t attempt to stop illegal goods. D. there has been disagreement over economic sanctions.

PART IV CLOZE MIN.]

[15

Decide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the correct choice for each blank on your answer sheet.

Our ape-men forefathers had no obvious natural weapons in the struggle for survival in the open. They had neither the powerful teeth nor the strong claws of the big cats. They could not ___18___ with the 18. A. match

B. compare

C. rival

D. equal

bear, whose strength, speed and claws ____19____ an impressive „small- 19. A. became

B. equipped

C. posed

D. provided

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fire‟ weaponry. They could not even defend themselves ___20___ running 20. A. in B. upon C. by D. with swiftly like the horses, zebras or small animals. If the ape-men had

attempted to compete on those terms in the open, they would have

been ___21___ to failure and extinction. But they were 21. A.

driven B. doomed C. forced D. led

___22___ with enormous concealed advantages of a kind not 22. A. bestowed B. given C. presented D. endowed possessed by any of their competitors.

In the search ___23___ the pickings of the forest, the ape-men 23. A. for B. of C. on D. at

had ____24_____ efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of colour 24. A. progressed B. generated C. developed D. advanced that the animals of the grasslands did not possess. The ability to see clearly at close range permitted the ape-men to study practical problems

in a way that lay far ____25____ the reach of the original inhabitants of 25. A. from B. apart C. beyond D. above the grassland. Good long-distance sight was ___26___ another matter. 26. A. rather

B. quite

C. much

D. really Lack of long-distance vision had not been a problem for forest-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint, the greater the range of sight — so ___27___ they had had to do was climb a tree. Out in the open, 27. A. anything B. that C. everything D. all

however, this simple solution was not ____28____. Climbing a hill would 28. A.

available B. enough

C. sufficient D. convenient

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have helped, but in many places the ground was flat. The ape-men

____29____ the only possible solution. They reared up as high as possible 29. A. chose B. adopted C. accepted D. took on their hind limbs and began to walk upright.

This vital change of physical position brought about considerable disadvantages. It was extremely unstable and it meant that the already slow ape-men became slower still. ____30____, they persevered and their bone structure gradually 30. A. However B. Therefore C. Meanwhile D. Subsequently

became _____31_____ to the new, unstable position that 31. A. accustomed B. familiarized C. adapted

D. suited

_____32_____ them the name Homo erectus, upright man. 32. A. obtained B. called C. deserved D. earned

PART V GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN.]

There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.

33. After ______ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager‟s office. A. that B. there C. what D. it

34. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighbouring country, ______ by the police each time. A. had been captured B. being always captured C. only to be captured D. unfortunately captured

35. Professor Johnson is said _______ some significant advance in his research in the past year. A. having made B. making C. to have made D. to make

36. Fat cannot change into muscle ______ muscle changes into fat. A. any more than B. no more than C. no less than D. much more than

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37. It is not so much the language ______ the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand. A. but B. nor C. as D. like

38. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than _______ in the public mind today. A. exists B. exist C. existing D. to exist

39. I‟ve never been to Lhasa, but that‟s the city _______. A. I‟d most like to visit B. which I like to visit mostly C. where I like to visit D. I‟d like much to visit

40. He _______ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. A. may have acted B. must have acted C. should act D. would act

41. If you have really been studying English for so long, it‟s about time you ______ able to write letters in English. A. should be B. were C. must be D. are

42. He‟s ________ as a “bellyacher” — he‟s always complaining about something. A. who is known B. whom is known C. what is known D. which is known

43. ________, he always tries his best to complete it on time. A. However the task is hard B. However hard the task is C. Though hard the task is D. Though hard is the task

44. Much as ________, I couldn‟t lend him the money because I simply didn‟t have that much spare cash.

A. I would have liked to B. I would like to have C. I should have to like D. I should have liked to

45. My cousin likes eating very much, but he isn‟t very _______ about the food he eats. A. special B. peculiar C. particular D. specific

46. Your advice would be ______ valuable to him, who is now at a loss as to what to do first. A. exceedingly B. excessively C. extensively D. exclusively

47. More often than not, it is difficult to ______ the exact meaning of a Chinese idiom in English. A. exchange B. transfer C. convey D. convert

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48. She refused to ______ the door key to the landlady until she got back her deposit. A. hand in B. hand out C. hand down D. hand over

49. The scientists have absolute freedom as to what research they think it best to _______ . A. engage B. devote C. seek D. pursue

50. The Olympic Games ______ in 776 B.C. in Olympia, a small town in Greece. A. originated B. stemmed C. derived D. descended

51 We should always bear in mind that ______ decisions often result in serious consequences. A. urgent B. instant C. prompt D. hasty

52. The fact that the management is trying to reach agreement ______ five separate unions has led to long negotiations. A. over B. upon C. in D. with

53. The chairman of the company said that new techniques had ______ improved their production efficiency. A. violently B. severely C. extremely D. radically

54. The local authorities realized the need to make ______ for elderly people in their housing programmes. A. preparation B. requirement C. specification D. provision

55. The guest team was beaten by the host team 2 _____ 4 in last year‟s CFA Cup Final. A. over B. in C. to D. against

56. The police let him go, because they didn‟t find him guilty _____ the murder. A. of B. in C. over D. on

57. As a developing country, we must keep ______ with the rapid development of the world economy. A. move B. step C. speed D. pace

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PART VI READING COMPREHENSION MIN.]

[30

SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN.]

In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer.

Mark your choice on your answer sheet.

TEXT A

Surprisingly, no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education. Proper records are just not kept.

We know that more than 850,000 children go through hospital each year, and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hospital. We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1,000 children in hospital.

Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country. It is found that half the hospitals in England which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter have only a part-time teacher. The special children‟s hospitals in major cities do best; general hospitals in the country and holiday areas are worst off.

From this survey, one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacher--and that contact may be as little as two hours a day. Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all. They had not been prepared for it by parents or their own school. If there was a teacher they were much more likely to read books and do math or number work; without a teacher they would only play games.

Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keeping a child occupied, and the latter is often all the teacher can do. The position and influence of many teachers was summed up when parents referred to them as “the library lady” or just “the helper”.

Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work. Several parents spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school. Once back at school, children rarely get extra teaching, and are told to catch up as best they can.

Many short-stay child-patients catch up quickly. But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interviewed.

58. The author points out at the beginning that

A. every child in hospital receives some teaching. B. not enough is known about hospital teaching. C. hospital teaching is of poor quality.

D. the special children‟s hospitals are worst off.

59. It can be inferred from the latest survey that

A. hospital teaching across the country is similar.

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B. each hospital has at least one part-time teacher. C. all hospitals surveyed offer education to children.

D. only one-fourth of the hospitals have full-time teachers.

60. Children in hospital usually turn to _____ in order to catch up with their school work. A. hospital teachers B. schoolmates C. parents

D. school teachers

61. We can conclude from the passage that the author is

A. unfavourable towards children receiving education in hospitals. B. in favour of the present state of teaching in hospitals. C. unsatisfied with the present state of hospital teaching. D. satisfied with the results of the latest survey.

TEXT B

Computer people talk a lot about the need for other people to become “computer-literate”, in other words, to learn to understand computers and what makes them tick. Not all experts agree, however, that this is a good idea.

One pioneer, in particular, who disagrees is David Tebbutt, the founder of Computertown UK. Although many people see this as a successful attempt to bring people closer to the computer, David does not see it that way. He says that Computertown UK was formed for just the opposite reason, to bring computers to the people and make them “people-literate”.

David first got the idea when he visited one of America‟s best-known computer “guru” figure, Bob Albrecht, in the small university town of Palo Alto in Northern California. Albrecht had started a project called Computertown USA in the local library, and the local children used to call round every Wednesday to borrow some time on the computers there, instead of borrowing library books. Albrecht was always on hand to answer any questions and to help the children discover about computers in their own way.

Over here, in Britain, Computertowns have taken off in a big way, and there are now about 40 scattered over the country. David Tebbutt thinks they are most successful when tied to a computer club. He insists there is a vast and important difference between the two, although they complement each other. The clubs cater for the enthusiasts, with some computer knowledge already, who get together and eventually form an expert computer group. This frightens away non-experts, who are happier going to Computertowns where there are computers available for them to experiment on, with experts available to encourage them and answer any questions; they are not told what to do, they find out.

David Tebbutt finds it interesting to see the two different approaches working side by side. The computer experts have to learn not to tell people about computers, but have to be able to explain the answers to the questions that people really want to know. In some Computertowns there are question sessions, rather like radio phone-ins, where the experts listen to a lot of questions and then try to work out some structure to answer them. People are not having to learn computer jargons, but the experts are having to translate computer mysteries into easily understood terms; the computers are becoming “people-literate”.

62. According to David Tebbutt, the purpose of Computertown UK is to A. train people to understand how computers work.

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B. make more computers available to people.

C. enable more people to fix comupters themselves. D. help people find out more about computers.

63. We learn from the passage that Computertown USA was a A. town. B. project. C. library. D. school.

. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? A. Computertowns in the UK have become popular. B. Computertowns and clubs cater for different people. C. Computertowns are more successful than clubs.

D. It‟s better that computertowns and clubs work togerther.

65. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of computertowns? A. Experts give lectures and talks on computers. B. Experts are on hand to answer people‟s questions. C. People are left to discover computers on their own. D. There are computers around for people to practise on.

TEXT C

There must be few questions on which responsible opinion is so utterly divided as on that of how much sleep we ought to have. There are some who think we can leave the body to regulate these matters for itself. “The answer is easy,” says Dr. A. Burton. “With the right amount of sleep you should wake up fresh and alert five minutes before the alarm rings.” If he is right many people must be undersleeping, including myself. But we must remember that some people have a greater inertia than others. This is not meant rudely. They switch on slowly, and they are reluctant to switch off. They are alert at bedtime and sleepy when it is time to get up, and this may have nothing to do with how fatigued their bodies are, or how much sleep they must take to lose their fatigue.

Other people feel sure that the present trend is towards too little sleep. To quote one medical opinion, “Thousands of people drift through life suffering from the effects of too little sleep; the reason is not that they can‟t sleep. Like advancing colonists, we do seem to be grasping ever more of the land of sleep for our waking needs, pushing the boundary back and reaching, apparently, for a point in our evolution where we will sleep no more. This in itself, of course, need not be a bad thing. What could be disastrous, however, is that we should press too quickly towards this goal, sacrificing sleep only to gain more time in which to jeopardize our civilization by actions and decisions made weak by fatigue.

Then, to complete the picture, there are those who believe that most people are persuaded to sleep too much. Dr H. Roberts, writing in Every Man in Health, asserts: “It may safely be stated that, just as the majority eat too much, so the majority sleep too much.” One can see the point of this also. It would be a pity to retard our development by holding back those people who are gifted enough to work and play well with less than the average amount of sleep, if indeed it does

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them no harm. If one of the trends of evolution is that more of the life span is to be spent in gainful waking activity, then surely these people are in the van of this advance.

66. The author seems to indicate that

A. there are many controversial issues like the right amount of sleep. B. among many issues the right amount of sleep is the least controversial. C. people are now moving towards solving many controversial issues. D. the right amount of sleep is a topic of much controversy among doctors.

67. The author disagrees with Dr. Burton because A. few people can wake up feeling fresh and alert. B. some people still feel tired with enough sleep. C. some people still feel sleepy with enough sleep. D. some people go to bed very late at night.

68. In the last paragraph the author points out that A. sleeping less is good for human development.

B. people ought to be persuaded to sleep less than before. C. it is incorrect to say that people sleep too little. D. those who can sleep less should be encouraged.

69. We learn from the passage that the author A. comments on three different opinions. B. favours one of the three opinions. C. explains an opinion of his own. D. revises someone else‟s opinion.

TEXT D

Migration is usually defined as “permanent or semipermanent change of residence.” This broad definition, of course, would include a move across the street or across a city. Our concern is with movement between nations, not with internal migration within nations, although such movements often exceed international movements in volume. Today, the motives of people who move short distances are very similar to those of international migrants.

Students of human migration speak of “push” and “pull” factors, which influence an individual‟s decision to move from one place to another. Push factors are associated with the place of origin. A push factor can be as simple and mild a matter as difficulty in finding a suitable job, or as traumatic as war, or severe famine. Obviously, refugees who leave their homes with guns pointed at their heads are motivated almost entirely by push factors (although pull factors do influence their choice of destination).

Pull factors are those associated with the place of destination. Most often these are economic, such as better job opportunities or the availability of good land to farm. The latter was an important factor in attracting settlers to the United States during the 19th century. In general, pull factors add up to an apparently better chance for a good life and material well-being than is offered by the place of origin. When there is a choice between several attractive potential destinations, the deciding factor might be a non-economic consideration such as the presence of relatives, friends, or at least fellow countrymen already established in the new place who are

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willing to help the newcomers settle in. Considerations of this sort lead to the development of migration flow.

Besides push and pull factors, there are what the sociologists call “intervening obstacles” . Even if push and/or pull factors are very strong they still may be outweighed by intervening obstacles, such as the distance of the move, the trouble and cost of moving, the difficulty of entering the new country, and the problems likely to be encountered on arrival.

The decision to move is also influenced by “personal factors” of the potential migrant. The same push-pull factors and obstacles operate differently on different people, sometimes because they are at different stages of their lives, or just because of their varying abilities and personalities. The prospect of packing up everything and moving to a new and perhaps very strange environment may appear interesting and challenging to an unmarried young man and appallingly difficult to a slightly older man with a wife and small kids. Similarly, the need to learn a new language and customs may excite one person and frighten another.

Regardless of why people move, migration of large numbers of people causes conflict. The United States and other western countries have experienced adjustment problems with each new wave of immigrants. The newest arrivals are usually given the lowest-paid jobs and are resented by native people who may have to compete with them for those jobs. It has usually taken several decades for each group to be accepted into the mainstream of society in the host country.

70. The author thinks that pull factors

A. are all related to economic considerations. B. are not as decisive as push factors. C. include a range of considerations. D. are more important than push factors.

71. People‟s decisions to migrate might be influenced by all the following EXCEPT A. personalities. B. education. C. marital status. D. abilities.

72. The purpose of the passage is to discuss A. the problems of international migrants. B. the motives of international migrants. C. migration inside the country. D. migration between countries.

PART V I WRITING [45 MIN.]

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SECTION A COMPOSITION [35 MIN.]

We see advertisements on television every day. Some people think that TV advertising brings us

benefits, but others don’t think so. What is your opinion?

Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:

You are to write in three paragraphs.

In the first paragraph, state just ONE major advantage or disadvantage of TV advertising. In the second paragraph, give one or two reasons to support your point of view. In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.

A MAJOR ADVANTAGE / DISADVANTAGE OF ADVERTISING ON TELEVISION

SECTION B NOTE-WRITING [10 MIN.]

Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:

You’ve learned that your friend Jimmy is ill these days. Write him a note expressing your concern, asking after his health and giving your best wishes.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.

— THE END —

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