广东省佛山市顺德区江义初级中学2015届中考英语第五节介词和介词短语复习(无答案)(新)

中考导航 考点 1.表示时间的介词 2.表示地点和方位的介词 3.表示方式、手段或工具的介词 4.其他常用介词 5.介词短语 广东省卷近五年中考统计 2010 √ 2011 √ 2012 √ 2013 2014 ★★☆ ★★★ 高频考点 √ ★★☆ √ ★★☆ ★☆☆ 考情分析：从近五年考查情况来看，介词和介词短语是每年的必考点，近几年均考查了常用介词的用法及辨析。2015年备考时应掌握好常用介词的用法及辨析，不要混淆；介词短语近几年均未考查，备考时也应注意。 考点突破

考点1. 表示时间的介词(★★☆) 1.at、in、on表示时间的区别

(1)at表示具体的时间点，常用于表示钟点及某些词组中。如: at Christmas(在圣诞节)；at six o’clock(在6点钟)；at night(在晚上)；at the end of(在„„结束时)；at the age of(在„„岁时)；at last(最终，最后)。

(2)in用于表示世纪、年、月、季节、在上午／下午／晚上／白天等。如:

in 1995 (在1995年)；in the 1980s (在20世纪80年代)；in May，1992 (在1992年5月)；in the morning／afternoon／evening(在上午／下午／晚上)；in spring／summer／autumn／winter(在春季／夏季／秋季／冬季)。

in还可以表示从现在算起到若干时间以后，意为“在„„时间后”，用于一般将来时或过去将来时态。如:

Can you finish drawing a good horse in five minutes? 你能在5分钟内画一匹好看的马吗?

(3)on用于表示确定的时间，具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上或一般节日等。如:on December 1st，1994 (在1994年12月1日)；on Monday morning(在星期一上午)；on a cold morning(在一个寒冷的早晨)；on the night of October 22nd(在10月22日晚上)；on Christmas Day(在圣诞节)；on Teachers’ Day(在教师节)

注意:在以this，that，next，last，tomorrow，yesterday等开始的表示时间的单词或词组前不用介词。如:I will go to Beijing next week. 下周我将去北京。 2.for，since，from表示时间的区别

(1)“for+一段时间”意为“已经多长时间了”，强调某动作或状态持续了多长时间，可与过去、现在、将来等多种时态连用，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如:

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She has worked there for four years. 她已经在那里工作4年了。 (2)since用作介词时，意为“自从，自„„以后”，指从某一时间一直延续至今，后接时间点，通常与完成时连用。如:The factory has been there since spring 1989. 那家工厂自1989年春就在那里了。

注意:since还可以用作连词，用来引导一个时间状语从句。如:

Great changes have taken place since he left. 自从他离开以后，这里发生了巨大的变化。

(3)from(from...to...)表示开始的时间，意为“从„„”(“从„„到„„”)，谓语可用过去、现在或将来时态。如:

Students go to school from Monday to Friday. 学生们周一至周五上学。 3.to，past，pass表时间的区别 (1)to介词，大于30分钟时，表示“差”。如:ten to seven(6∶50) (2)past介词，小于30分钟时，表示“过”。 如:ten past six(6∶10) (3)pass动词，表示“经过，过去”。如:He passed by me.他从我身边经过。 4.其余表示时间的介词

(1)after指时间“在„„以后”，后面接时间点或时间段均可。接时间段时，多和过去时连用；接时间点时，多和将来时连用。如:

He came back after a few days. 几天后他回来了。

I’ll call you after 4∶30. 四点半以后我给你打电话。 (2)till/until表示“到„„为止，直到„„之时，直至”，在肯定句中要用延续性动词。如:

You’d better stay in bed till tomorrow. 你最好在床上呆到明天。 I shall wait until ten o’clock. 我将等到10点钟。 在否定句中，not„until„ 意为“直到„„才„„”，是连词，用来引导一个时间状语从句，谓语动词用短暂性动词。如:

I didn’t go to bed until eleven last night. 昨天晚上直到11点钟我才睡觉。 (3)by 表示“不迟于”(not later than)，常与完成时连用。如:by then到那时，by now到目前为止

They had seen four English films by the end of last night. 到昨天晚上为止他们已经看过四部英语电影。

(4)before指时间“在„„以前”，后面一般接时间点。如:

I will get to Australia before Friday. 我将于周五之前到达澳大利亚。 (5)during表示“在„„期间”，强调“自始至终”。如:

During those three months，he asked a lot of questions. 在那三个月期间，他问了许多问题。 母题训练 中考预测 ( )1. It’s time ( )2. The accident happened the weather report.Turn on the a cold winter early morning. radio, please. A.in B.at C.on D.for A.to B.in C.at D.for 考点2. 表示地点和方位的常用介词(★★★) 1.in，at与on

(1)in表示地点，意为“在„„内”，用于内部。如:He put his hands in his pockets. 他把手放进口袋。

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(2) on意为“在„„上面”，用于表面接触，指在一个平面上。如: There was a carpet on the floor. 地板上铺着一块地毯。

(3)表示“在某地”时，at后接小地方，in后接大地方。如:

When did you arrive at the station? 你什么时候到的车站? He was born in Wuhan. 他出生在武汉。

(4)at还有“在„„旁边”之意，如:at the table 在桌子旁边 2.above与below

above的意思是“在„„之上” “高于„„”，与物体表面不接触，表示相对高度，不一定是在正上方，它的反义词是below。如:

The plane flew above the clouds. 飞机在云层上面飞行。 The Dead Sea is below sea level. 死海的海面低于海平线。 3.over与under

over的意思是“在„„之上”， 与物体表面不接触，表示垂直之上，其反义词是under。如: There is a bridge over the river. 河上有座桥。 There is a boat under the bridge. 桥下有一只船。

4.by，beside与near (1)by表示“在„„旁边”，较near更近。如:My house is by the river. 我的家在河边。 (2)beside表示“近旁”、“紧靠”，相当于next to。如:Come and sit beside me. 来坐在我的身旁。

(3)near意为“在„„附近”，可以表示空间、时间关系等。如: He sits near the window. 他坐在窗户附近。 5.after与behind

(1)after表示位置关系，意为“在„„的后面”。如:

Your name comes after mine in the list. 名单上，你的名字列于我之后。 (2)behind表示位置，意为“在„„后面”。如:The boy was hiding behind a tree. 那个男孩躲在一棵树后。

6.through, across, cross穿过

(1)through介词，纵穿(从空间穿过)。如:The soldiers went through the forest. 那些士兵穿过树林离开了。

(2)across介词，横穿(横过某个平面)。如:He is walking across the street. 他正在横过马路。

(3)cross动词，横穿(横过某个平面)。如:He is crossing the street. 他正在横过马路。 7.among, between 在„„之间

among在(三者或三者以上)之间；between在(两者)之间。常用词组: between „ and 如:The man who is standing among the students is Lily’s father. 站在学生中间的是莉莉的父亲。

I will be back between five and six. 我将在5到6点之间回来。 8.in，on，to

in表示在范围之内(属于该范围)；on表示与某一地区接壤；to表示隔海相望。 如:Guangdong is in the south of China. (广东属于中国。)

Guangdong is on the south of Hunan. (广东不属于湖南，但与湖南是毗邻关系。) Japan is to the east of China. (日本不属于中国，而且隔海相望。) 9.outside与inside

outside意为“在„„的外边”；inside意为“在„„的里边，在„„之内”。如:

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A woman is waiting outside the office. 一位妇女正在办公室门外等候。 Don’t let the dog come inside the house. 不要让狗进入房子里。 10.in front of与in the front of in front of表示“在„„之前”(范围外)；in the front of表示“在„„的前部(范围内)”。如:

There are some trees in front of the classroom. 教室前面有一些树。

Our teacher usually sits in the front of the classroom. 我们的老师经常坐在教室的前面。 母题训练 中考预测 ( )1. —Why are you standing, Alice? ( )3. —Is your father at home? ——I can’t see the blackboard clearly.Two No, he is working late the tall boys are sitting me. office. A.behind B.next to A.on B.at C.of D.to C.between D.in front of ( )2. Connie arrived   ( )4. Hainan lies the the village   a snowy night. south of China, and the A.at,on B.at,in C.in,at D.in,on south of Guangdong, too. A.in, in B.to; in C.to; in D.in; to 考点3. 表示方式、手段或工具的介词(★★☆) 1.by，in，on表交通方式

用by时，交通工具前不用任何限定词；用on或in时，交通工具前用限定词。如: Jenny goes to school by bike. 詹妮骑自行车去上学。 (by bike=on a bike) Mr.Green goes to work by car. 格林先生开车去上班。 (by car=in a car) 2.by，in，with表示手段或工具

(1)with后跟具体的工具。如:I often do my homework with a pen. 我经常用钢笔做作业。 (2)in表示使用某种语言或使用某种材料，语言、材料前不加冠词。如: Can you say it in English? 你能用英语说吗? (3)by表示用某种方式或手段，在名词前不加冠词，若后接动词，需将动词变为动名词形式。如: This pair of shoes is made by hand. 这双鞋是手工做的。 He makes a living by teaching. 他靠教书为生。 母题训练 中考预测 ( )1. —Kelly, who’s the girl ( )2. —How do you communicate with glasses in the photo? your foreign friends? —It’s me.I used to wear glasses and have — writing e-mails, of course. long hair. A.With B.By C.At D.From A.by B.of C.on D.with 考点4. 其他常用介词(★★☆) 介词 against

用法 表示“反对”“违背”，其反义例句 They are strongly against 4

词为 for。若表示“强烈反对”，一般与副词 strongly搭配。 beyond 表示范围、水平、限度、能力等，意思是“超出；多于；为„„所不能及”。 about“关于”，多用于内容和观点比较一般性的情况。 意为“像„„一样”，用于说明相似关系，实际上不是。 the idea. 他们强烈反对这个意见。 His bad behavior is beyond a joke. 他的不良行为超出了开玩笑的范围。 What is your excuse about your being late yesterday? 你昨天迟到的借口是什么？ He talked to me like my father. 他像父亲那样跟我 谈话。（他不是我父亲） about like as 意为“作为，以„„的身份”，We chose him as captain of 后跟表示职业、职务、身份的our team. 我们选他当我们名词。 的队长。 表示“除„„之外（不包括在内）”，是从整体中除去一部分，常和否定代词和概括性代词连用。 We are all here except Li Ming.除了李明之外，我们都在这里。 except into with without “往„„里（进、蹦、跳）去”，Many frogs jumped into the 常和动词连用。 lake.许多青蛙跳进了湖里。 表示伴随，意为“和„„一起”。 表示“没有”，用作状语。 She lives with her parents.她同父母住在一起。 He left without saying a word.他什么也没有说就离开了。 for (1)表示目的，意为“为了”。 Let’s go for a walk. 让我们去散步吧。 (2)表原因、理由。 Sanya is famous for “Tianya Haijiao”． 三亚因“天涯海角”而出名。 I think drinking milk is good for our health. 我认为喝牛奶对我们的健康有好处。 He sells his books for fifty yuan . 他以50元地价格卖掉了他的书。 We’ve planted more than 1000 trees along the banks of the river．我们沿着河岸种了1000多棵树。 Keep off the grass. 勿踏草地。 5

(3)表用途、对象。 (4)表示价格 along 表示“沿着，顺着”。 off 表示“离开，脱离”。

母题训练 中考预测 ( )1. Most people are ( )2. Mr.Lin gave the textbooks to all building a paper factory near here.They the students the ones who had are worried the river will get polluted. already taken them. A.for B.with A.except B.including C.among D.with C.against D.beyond 考点5. 介词短语(★☆☆) 1.介词与动词的常见搭配

listen to听 laugh at嘲笑 get to到达

get on／off上车／下车 look for寻找 wait for等待

hear from收到„„的来信 worry about担心 think of想起，认为 look after照顾，照料 spend „ on花费 agree with同意 do with对付，处置 depend on依靠 talk about谈论

turn on／off打开／关掉 turn up／down调大／调小 regard „ as把„„当作 pay for付款 knock at敲 ask for请求，向„„要 2.介词与形容词的常见搭配

be fond of喜欢 be ready for为„„做好准备 be kind to对„„亲切 be sure about确信 be busy with忙于 be late for迟到 be afraid of害怕 be good at擅长于 be full of装满 3.介词与名词的常见搭配

by bike／bus／train骑自行车/乘公共汽车／乘火车 with／without one’s help在有／没有某人的帮助下

on one’s way to在某人去„„的路上 on time准时

to one’s surprise使某人惊奇的是 on foot步行

at the end of在„„尽头，末尾 at the foot of在„„的脚下 中考预测 ( )1. Don ’t ask him to study too late into the night. ,he is only a small child. A.As a result B.After all C.Best of all D.For example ( )2. What a nice day! We should go sightseeing   watching TV in the hotel. A.because of B.instead of C.together with D.out of

课堂小测

( )1. I sometimes help my mom with her housework Saturdays.

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A.at B.in C.on D.to

( )2. Nanjing Lishui Strawberry Festival opened March in Fujiabian Modern Agricultural Park this year. A.on B.at C.in D.to

( )3. —What time do you usually go to school, Jack? — about half past seven. A.On B.In C.At D.For

( )4. We’re leaving tomorrow.We will be away next Friday. A.from B.until C.on D.since

( )5. the exam, we’ll say good-bye to our dear teachers, classmates as well as our beautiful school. A.In B.For C.After D.Through

( )6. They usually go shopping their lunch break. A.against B.among C.between D.during

( )7. —How can we protect ourselves the earthquake? —We should stay calm first. A.with B.about C.for D.from

( )8. Teenagers should be encouraged to go and be close to nature. A.inside B.back C.outside D.off

( )9. Mr.Green’s office is the 26th floor.You can take the lift there.

A.at B.in C.on D.for ( )10. On May 10th, a horse was found running happily the busy street in Beijing.

A.at B.of C.in D.from

( )11. The castle stands in a quiet place the main road at the far end of the river.

A.to B.for C.off D.out

( )12. Cambridge is a small city the east of England. A.between B.with C.in D.under

( )13. You see, Kevin is writing his left hand. A.at B.as C.for D.with

( )14. The man makes a living teaching. A.without B.with C.by D.in

( )15. You can improve your English reading more. A.in B.with C.by D.of

( )16. We’ll play basketball Class 3 tomorrow. A.over B.against C.to D.for

( )17. —A person’s life is like a road lots of difficulties. —Yes, so we need positive energy. A.by B.with C.along D.during

( )18. —She sold her treasures to cure her mother’s illness, even though it was her own wishes.

—It’s so kind   her.

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A.against; of B.above; of C.on; for D.for; for

( )19. —This problem is far me, I’m afraid I can’t work it out. —Don’t worry, we will help you. A.beyond B.beside C.behind D.between ( )20. —Are you the dark?

—Oh,yes.I always go to sleep with the light on. A.used to B.afraid of C.interested in D.good with

中考模拟演练

( )1. Lin Lin often practices English chatting with her American friend.

A.in B.by C.for D.with

( )2. —All the workers went home yesterday Mr.White.Why? —Because he was on duty.

A.except B.besides C.except for D.beside

( )3. —When did the earthquake in Lushan happen?

—It happened 8∶02 the morning of April 20,2013. A.on;in B.at;in C.at;on D.on;on

( )4. —Do you often go swimming Sunday mornings? —Yes.Why not with me this Sunday? A.on;go B.in;to go C.on;going D.in;going

( )5. Lucy lived in Beijing from 2008 2012. A.on B.to C.at D.of

( )6. Wow! Ten students in our class will celebrate their fourteenth birthdays October!

A.in B.on C.at D.to

( )7. May 7,Bruce won the second prize in the piano competition. A.In B.At C.On D.For ( )8. We are planning to have a surprise party her fifteenth birthday. A.at B.in C.for D.with

( )9. —Could you tell me the way to the Science Museum,please? —Yes,walk along this street.You’ll see it your left. A.on B.in C.for D.over

( )10. —The summer vacation is coming a few days. —Where do you plan ?

A.in;travel B.in;to travel· C.for;travel D.for;to travel

( )11. We couldn’t finish our work so early your help. A.without B.with C.for D.by

( )12. It is important us students to make a plan our studies before a new term starts. A.for;for B.of;for C.to;of D.with;on

( )13. The policeman helped the old woman go the road. A.above B.across C.through D.over

( )14. If you keep on, you’ll learn to write English.

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A.in B.for C.at D.on

( )15. —Can you tell me what your aim is in life, Li Ping? —I am aiming a famous physicist. A.at B.for C.in D.to

( )16. —Is your father at home?

—No，he’s working late the office. A.on B.at C.of D.to ( )17. Don’t drive so fast! We must slow down when we drive the tunnel. A.past B.across C.over D.through

( )18. She had to sell the house even though it was her own wishes. A.above B.on C.against D.for

( )19. We can get fresh water from rain, from rivers, or from the ground.

A.across B.under C.over D.off

( )20. —Do you believe that paper is made wood? —Yes, I do.And you can see that books are made paper. A.from;from B.from;of C.of;from D.of;of

( )21. — the doctors, the most beautiful teacher Zhang Lili is out of danger.

—We wish her to live a healthy and happy life in the future. A.In front of B.Thanks to C.As for D.Across from ( )22. —The box is too heavy to carry.What’s in it?—Oh, it is books. A.filled with B.covered with C.used for D.asked for ( )23. —Your bag looks the same mine. —Oh,really? It’s a gift my father. A.with;to B.with;from C.as;on D.as;from

( )24. —All the students went for a trip yesterday John.Why? —Because he was ill at home.

A.except B.besides C.except for D.beside

( )25. —Tomorrow is our holiday.What going hiking? —That sounds great. A.of B.for C.on D.about

( )26. We’ll fly to New York on Monday morning, and then we’ll stay in New York Wednesday afternoon.

A.until B.after C.on D.in

( )27. What a nice day! We should go sightseeing watching TV in the hotel.

A.because of B.instead of C.together with D.out of ( )28. —Where is Wenzhou Zoo?

—I’ve no idea.Why not find it the map? A.at B.for C.of D.on

( )29. People the southwest of China were in great need of water a couple of months ago.

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A.in B.at C.to D.on

( )30. There was an exciting moment in our class when a large bird flew the classroom.

A.from B.into C.onto D.with 反思与总结 1.对介词还没有掌握好的知2.容易混淆的知识点： 3.错题原因分析： 识点：

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