(英语)高三英语阅读理解题20套(带答案)及解析

（英语）高三英语阅读理解题20套(带答案)及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies, where every second counts. Now, the Emoji-quake campaign is lobbying for an earthquake emoji to be added to the Unicode set — the standard group of icons available on digital devices worldwide. The campaign aims to find an earthquake-appropriate design to be submitted to Unicode.

\"Approximately up to one third of the world's population are exposed to earthquakes,\" explains University of Southampton seismologist (地震学家) Dr. Stephen Hicks, a founder of the campaign. \"So we really want to be able to communicate to all of those regions, all of those different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that.\"

Unlike many other weather and climate related events, where longer warning times or visible signs are available, earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are difficult to measure while they are still occurring. Populations in areas like Japan and Mexico are dependent on earthquake early warning technology, which issues an alert on digital devices and broadcast media. \"You may have seconds to get under a table or to protect yourself,\" explains Dr. Hicks. \"That can be life saving in

many cases. Naturally you don't want too much wording in the warning message.\"

Pictographs (象形文字) and other visuals like emoji have a track record of being faster and easier to understand than written information. Dr. Sara McBride, a communications specialist, who is also part of the campaign, told BBC News, \"Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages, helping communicate valuable information to people who may struggle to read a certain language.\"

—

The potential usefulness of emoji in emergencies could extend well beyond earthquakes. A team of designers also came up with emerji—an entire set of emoji dedicated to climate and environmental events.

（1）According to the passage, why did the campaign choose earthquakes as their target

A. Because earthquakes threaten many people in different

regions. B. Because earthquakes are the easiest to be expressed by an emoji.

C. Because earthquakes are not difficult to measure while

occurring. D. Because earthquakes are the most destructive disasters in the world.

（2）Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase \"lobby for\" in the first paragraph

A. Hope for. B. Enter for. C. Appeal

for. D. Run for.

（3）What can we infer from Dr. Sara McBride's words about emoji

A. Emoji benefits people with reading disability a lot. B. Emoji is being used to convey valuable information.

：

C. Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages. D. Emoji is a universal language and helpful tool in communication.

（4）The best title of the passage should be ___________________.

A. Could an emoji save our life B. What can emoji do in our life

C. How is emoji changing our life D. Do we really know about emoji

【答案】 （1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

…

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一场以添加地震表情符号为目标的运动。该运动的创始人对此做出解释，试图说明地震表情是一种通用的语言交流工具，有助于挽救生命。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies”以及第三段中的“earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are difficult to measure while they are still occurring”可推断出这是因为这地震来的快，让人无法反应，在许多地方威胁至许多多人的生命，故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。这次运动想以地震为目标。第二段和第三段中的地震博士Dr. Hicks对此作出解释，目的就是呼吁大家赞同这个观点。可知选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“we really want to be able to communicate to all of those regions, all of those different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that.”及第三段“That can be life saving in many cases. Naturally you don't want too much wording in the warning

message.”可推断出表情符号是一种通用语言，当灾难来临时不需要多说，表情就可以交流，以此在很多情形下可以挽救生命。分析选项可知D项符合题意，因此选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。第一段说表情符号可能不是你在灾难中沟通的第一选择，但研究人员认为还是会有作用的。接着下面讲述了一场以添加地震表情为目标的运动。下面的地震博士Dr. Hicks为此作了很多的解释，想让人们相信表情能挽救生命。Could an emoji save our life“一个表情能拯救我们的生命吗”）符合题意，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

&

Osaka, Japan—Defending champions China lifted the FIVB Women's Volleyball World Cup trophy(奖杯)with perfect 11 straight wins after easing past Argentina 3-0 here on Sunday. With their eleventh win at the 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup, China won the FIVB Women's Volleyball World Cup.

This year, the World Cup has been played across different cities, and Team China had training sessions even on traveling days when some participating teams chose to rest up after a tiring flight.\" Coach Lang focuses on details of the technique in the training sessions, and I feel our team has become more

balanced.\" Captain Zhu Ting said. This firm approach explains how China managed to turn the table against the United States at the World Cup. Never quit, especially in adversity. That's what the spirit of Chinese women's volleyball means.

When the team struggled, Zhu was always there, doing whatever was needed to carry the team forward. That's why she has become a national volleyball icon, just like \"Iron Hammer\" Lang. As for Lang, she took over the flag from her former coach Yuan Weimin, who was behind China's rise in the beginning. From coach Yuan to coach Lang, and spiker(主攻手) Lang to spiker Zhu, the flag bearers may have changed over time, but the craving for championships and the steely desire and determination remain the same.

Volleyball is a team sport and behind the on-court team there is always a supportive coaching team and staff. Lai was one of the members, shouldering responsibilities as both vice director of China's Volleyball Management Center and as assistant coach. Apart from coordinating between coaches and players, Chinese coaches and foreign coaches and sometimes within Chinese coaches, she also has to do chores. During Rio 2016, assistant coach Yuan Lingxi headed for the arena（竞技场）at 6am every day to film the matches and would return to the Olympic Village at 2am when he would start analyzing China's opponents and file reports. There are many Lais and Yuans that are not known by the public, but who remain indispensable for the team to overcome difficulties and reach their peak.

（1）What does the spirit of Chinese women's volleyball mean according to paragraph 2

a special team.

to the end.

every game.

/

hard every day.

（2）Why does Zhu Ting become a national volleyball icon

wins many awards in the World Cup.

keeps strong desire and determination.

takes lots of training after the tiring flight.

does almost everything to help the team forward.

（3）What does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph

work is vital in volleyball matches.

\"

coach has a great influence on players.

staff behind the on-court team is also essential.

opponents is necessary to win the game.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，卫冕冠军中国队以3:0战胜阿根廷队,以11连胜夺得了国际排联女子排球世界杯奖杯。永不放弃是中国女排精神所在。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第而段中的“Never quit, especially in adversity. That's what the spirit of Chinese women's volleyball means”可知，中国女排精神的含义是：永不放弃，尤其是在逆境中。故选B。

…

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“When the team struggled, Zhu was always there, doing whatever was needed to carry the team forward. That's why she has become a national volleyball icon”可知，队长朱婷成为排球偶像是因为当球队拼搏时，朱婷总是跟他们站在一起，并且做一切事情来带领球队前进。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Volleyball is a team sport and behind the on-court team, there is always a supportive coaching team and staff”和最后一段中的“There are many Lais and Yuans that are not known by the public, but who remain indispensable for the team to overcome difficulties and reach their peak.”可知，作者认为排球是一项团队运动。在场上球队的背后，还有支持他们的教练团队和员工。作者举出两名助理教练赖亚文、袁灵犀的例子，说明有很多像他们这样的人，是球队克服困难和达到顶峰所不可缺少的。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Imagine waking up one day and finding that your beautiful local beach is no more—gone, its fine white sand swept away by an abnormal storm. You go about your daily business for 12 long years and then suddenly the beach is back, all its glory restored by another storm. This is what happened on the island of Achill, off the coast of Ireland, where people are celebrating the return of the beautiful Ashleam Bay beach that was taken from them in 2005.

That in itself is unusual enough, but the story gets even better! You see, another beach in Achill did a disappearing act once, but took much longer to return. The beach at Doonagh, located only six miles away from Ashleam Bay, was restored earlier in 2016 after waves created by spring storms had swept away all the sand in 1984, leaving just rock pools behind.

There is local legend that stretches back hundreds of years that says this beach at Ashlcam Bay returns for a short every seven years then disappears again. But this time around it took a bit longer than that. It was last seen in 2005 and it stayed for a few months at that time before it was washed away again.

！

As you can imagine, everyone on the island of Achill is thrilled to have their sandy beach back, and even though no one knows how long it's going to be around for, they are making the most of the time they've got before it disappears again.

Some may be quick to believe climate changes cause the phenomenon, but that's not the reason these two beaches in Achill keep disappearing, Dr Kevin Lynch, a geographer at NUT Galway, says that these occurrences are the result of hydrodynamics (流体力学) and sediment(沉积物) supply, rather than climate changes.

Regardless of what's causing them, disappearing and reappearing beaches are just part of what makes nature so fascinating.

（1）What is people's reaction to the return of the Ashleam Bay beach

A. Full of fear. B. Quite delighted. C. Very

disappointed. D. Extremely con fused.

（2）What can we learn about the beach at Doonagh

A. It is not located in Ireland. B. It disappeared 12 years ago.

C. It once disappeared for more than 30 years. D. It is just made up of rocks and pools.

:

（3）According to the local legend, when should the Ashleam Bay beach have come back

A. In 1982. B. In 2012. C. In

2016. D. In 2018.

（4）What does Dr Kevin Lynch think of the phenomenon

A. Some abnormal storms lead to ocean's enlargement, B. It is hard to uncover the mystery of beach's disappearing.

C. Climate changes can result in beaches disappearing

completely. D. Hydrodynamics and sediment supply cause two beaches to disappear.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

；

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，爱尔兰西北部的一个海滩不易而飞，但过一段时间它又回来了。传言阿什拉姆湾的海滩每七年返回一次，然后又消失。有些人可能认为气候变化会导致这种现象，但地理学家凯文·林奇博士认为Achill这两个海滩不断消失的原因是流体力学和沉积物供应共同作用的结果。而不是气候变化的原因。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的” off the coast of Ireland, where people are celebrating the return of the beautiful Ashleam Bay beach that was taken from them in 2005.”及第四段中的“As you can imagine, everyone on the island of Achill is thrilled to have their sandy beach back,”。可知，人们对于海滩的回归是非常兴奋的。故选B。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The beach at Doonagh, located only six miles away from Ashleam Bay, was restored earlier in 2016 after waves created by spring storms had swept away all the sand in 1984, leaving just rock pools behind,”可知，Doonagh海滩于1984年被春天的风暴席卷了所有的沙子只留下岩石池，在2016年初恢复了。由此可推断出Doonagh在消失了32年后又恢复了。故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“the beautiful Ashleam Bay beach that was taken from them in 2005.”可知，Ashleam Bay是在2005年消失的。第三段中的“There is local legend that stretches back hundreds of years that says this beach at Ashlcam Bay returns for a short every seven years then disappears again.” 当地方传说。说阿什卡姆湾的海滩每七年恢复一次，然后又消失。也就是2005+7=2012年回归，故选B。

(4)考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Dr Kevin Lynch, a geographer at NUT Galway, says that these occurrences are the result of hydrodynamics (流体力学) and sediment(沉积物) supply, rather than climate changes.”可知，这种现象是流体力学和沉积物供应共同作用的结果。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，选出正确答案。

，

4．阅读理解

Since English biologist Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species in 1859, scientists have vastly improved their knowledge of natural history. However, a lot of information is still of the speculation, and scientists can still only make educated guesses at certain things.

One subject that they guess about is why some 400 million years ago,

animals in the sea developed limbs (肢) that allowed them to move onto and live on land.

Recently, an idea that occurred to the US paleontologist (古生物学家) Alfred Romer a century ago became a hot topic once again.

Homer thought that tidal (潮汐的) pools might have led to fish gaining limbs. Sea animals would have been forced into these pools by strong tides. Then, they would have been made either to adapt to their new environment close to land or die. The fittest among them grew to accomplish the transition (过渡) from sea to land.

Romer called these earliest four-footed animals “tetrapods”. Science has always thought that this was a credible theory, but only recently has there been strong enough evidence to support it.

Hannah Byrne is an oceanographer (海洋学家) at Uppsala University in Sweden. She announced at the 2018 Ocean Sciences Meeting in Oregon, US, that by using computer software, her team had managed to link Homer's theory to places where fossil deposits (沉积物) of the earliest tetrapods were found.

'

According to the magazine Science, in 2014, Steven Balbus, a scientist at the University of Oxford in the UK, calculated that 400 million years ago, when the

move from land to sea was achieved, tides were stronger than they are today. This is because the planet was 10 percent closer to the moon than it is now.

The creatures stranded in the pools would have been under the pressure of “survival of the fittest”, explained Mattias Green, an ocean scientist at the UK's University of Bangor. As he told Science, “After a few days in these pools, you become food or you run out of food... the fish that had large limbs had an advantage because they could flip (翻转) themselves back in the water.”

As is often the case, however, there are others who find the theory less convincing. Cambridge University's paleontologist Jennifer Clark, speaking to

Nature magazine, seemed unconvinced. “It's only one of many ideas for the

origin of land-based tetrapods, any or all of which may have been a part of the answer,” she said.

（1）Who first proposed the theory that fish might have gained limbs because of tidal pools

A. Alfred Romer. B. Charles Darwin. C. Hannah

Byrne. D. Steven Balbus.

（2）Why were tides stronger 400 million years ago than they are today according to Steven Balbus

A. There were larger oceans. B. Earth was closer to the

moon.

C. The moon gave off more energy. D. Earth was under greater pressure.

.

（3）The underlined word “stranded” in Paragraph 8 probably means “________”.

A. found B. settled C. abandoned D. trapped

（4）What is the focus of the article

A. The arguments over a scientific theory. B. The proposal of a new scientific theory.

C. Some new evidence to support a previous theory. D. A new discovery that questions a previous theory.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

，

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，一些新的证据验证了先前人们的猜测理论：即海洋中的动物是因为潮汐的作用导致鱼类发展出四肢，迁徙到陆地的。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Recently, an idea that occurred to the US paleontologist (古生物学家) Alfred Romer a century ago became a hot topic once again.”和第四段中的“Homer thought that tidal (潮汐的) pools might have led to fish gaining limbs.”可知，是Alfred Romer最先提出了鱼类可能因为潮汐而发展出四肢的理论。故选A。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第七段中的“…tides were stronger than they are today. This is because the planet was 10 percent closer to the moon than it is now.”过去的潮汐比现在强。这是因为地球这颗行星以前比现在离月球近了10%。可知，选B。

(3)考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“Sea animals would have been forced into these pools by strong tides. ”可知，Homer认为海洋生物因为潮汐被迫进入水池；第八段中的“The creatures stranded in the pools would have been under the pressure of ‘’survival of the fittest, explained Mattias Green,“ 结合两处可知，鱼儿是被迫进入池中，故选D。

(4)考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，英国生物学家达尔文的《物种起源》极大地提高了科学家对自然的认识。但仍有不少没有根据的猜测。其中的一个猜测就是为什么在4亿

年前，海洋中的动物有了四肢，从而让他们迁徙到陆地上生活。一个世纪以前，美国古生物学家Alfred Romer提出的一个想法，即潮汐可能导致鱼类发展出四肢，这再次成为一个热门话题。针对此许多科学家进行的实验提供了许多新的证据来证实它。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

！

5．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

\"You'll be blind by the time you're twenty-five,\" a doctor at Children's Hospital predicted. \"Your blood sugars are much too high.\" It consumed me. No matter where I was or what I was doing, it was overhead like a dark cloud, waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world.

I liked painting. Losing myself in painting filled me with peace. Painting provided me with the only place where I could escape from those threatening words.

When I was twenty-one, my right eye went blind. Precisely three months after my twenty-fifth birthday, I had a massive hemorrhage (大出血) in my left eye because of an accident. For the next twenty years, vision came and went. I went through many eye operations in an attempt to keep my vision. But after one final

operation, I lost the battle and all remaining vision. And I buried all dreams of painting.

Desperate, I enrolled in (注册) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (损伤的). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world opened up to me through this program.

\"Jaws and Window-Eyes are leading software for the blind,\" my instructor told me. \"You can use the Internet, e-mail and Microsoft with all its tools and features.\" It's amazing! Hope went up for the first time in years. \"By learning how to use hot keys to control the mouse, you can use Microsoft Access, Excel and Powerpoint,\" my instructor added.

For the next several years, I learned that when one door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology. Not only do I have a speaking computer, but I have a speaking watch, alarm clock and calculator.

@

（1）What does the underlined word \"it\" in Paragraph 1 refer to

A. The right opportunity. B. Losing my sight in the future.

C. Consuming too much sugar D. The children's hospital.

（2）What happened when the author was 25 years old

A. He gave up painting. B. He went blind completely

C. He injured one of his eyes. D. He picked up a new hobby

（3）What brought a turning point to the author

A. A special course. B. A meaningful event

:

C. An inspiring speech. D. An important interview.

（4）What does the author intend to tell us

A. No pain, no gain. B. Every man has his price.

C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. D. Be optimistic in the face of life's difficulties.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

《

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的左眼失明，右眼视力严重受损，但作者没有气馁，“一个特殊的课程” 给作者带来了一个转折点。文章告诉我们：当一扇门关上时，另一扇门就会打开。

（1）考查代词指代。。根据第一段中的“‘You’ll be blind by the time you’re twenty-five,’ a doctor at Children’s Hospital predicted.“当你25岁的时候，你就会失明” 可知， No matter where I was or what I was doing, it was overhead like a dark cloud, waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world.中的it指的是“在未来会失明”，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Precisely three months after my twenty-fifth birthday, I had a massive hemorrhage (大出血) in my left eye because of an accident.”可知，作者25岁时左眼受伤。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Desperate, I enrolled in (注册) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (损伤的). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world opened up to me through this program.”可知，“一个特殊的课程” 给作者带来了一个转折点。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“For the next several years, I learned that when one door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology.”可知，作者告诉我们“面对生活中的困难，要乐观。”故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

《

If you're showering every day, you're probably over doing it. In fact, showering too often can actually hurt your body in the long run.

As Time's public health column explains, daily showers are common due to social norms more than any proper health need. We connect being freshly showered with being attractive and pleasing, so we tend to showering often to feel better.

But what's the ideal shower frequency In terms of your health — not how you look or smell — probably once or twice a week, assistant professor of dermatology at George Washington University, Dr. C. Brandon Mitchell says. “Your body is naturally a well-oiled machine,” he says. “A daily shower isn't

necessary.”

Of course, your situation may vary. If you have a job like car maintenance or construction, you'll obviously have a visible layer of dirt you'll need to wash off every single day. Similarly, if you work out every day, you may not have any health risks by washing every day, but you'll still be smelly. If you feel like you need to take daily showers for aesthetic（审美的）reasons, at least make most of them light showers. “I tell patients who shower daily not to soap their whole bodies,” Mitchell says. Hit your pits, butt and groin, which are the areas that produce strong smells. The rest of your body doesn't need much soaping, he says.

Too much time spent under the hot water can dry out your skin, cause cracks（裂纹）that can lead to infections or germs getting into your skin, and take away the natural oils on your skin that help keep it healthy. So, even if you're aiming to be your most presentable, be sure to keep it moderate to avoid hurting your skin in the long run.

（1）According to the passage, why do most people shower daily

A. To meet health need. B. To wash off dirt.

C. To add to attraction. D. To get relaxation.

(

（2）Which of the following people might be advised to shower once or twice a week

A. Office staff B. Car maintainer C. Building

workers D. Gym-goers

（3）The underlined phrase “light showers” in Para . 4 refers to the showers in which ________.

A. bright lights are equipped B. a little soaping is involved

C. gentle skin touches are allowed D. less hot water is used

（4）What is the best title for the text

A. Showering Daily Becomes a Custom B. Daily Shower Does No Good to You

C. Protect Your Skin When Showering D. You Probably Needn't Shower Daily

、

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，从长远来看，每天淋浴对身体健康有害。如果不是每天身上都会沾污垢或是每天都出很多汗的工作，普通人一周洗一两次澡足够了。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“We connect being freshly showered with being attractive and pleasing, so we tend to showering often to feel better.”可知多数人每天淋浴是为了增加吸引力，故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“If you have a job like car maintenance or construction, you'll obviously have a visible layer of dirt you'll need to wash off every single day. Similarly, if you work out every day, you may not have any health risks by washing every day, but you'll still be smelly.”可知每天身上都会沾污垢或是每天都出很多汗的工作，才需要每天洗澡，故选A。

(3)考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“‘I tell patients who shower daily not to soap their whole bodies,’ Mitchell says. Hit your pits, butt and groin, which are the areas that produce strong smells. The rest of your body doesn't need much soaping, he says.可知‘light showers’”指的是只在一些部位涂肥皂，而全身不需要太多肥皂，故选B。

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(4)考查主旨大意。本文主要讲了从长远来看，每天淋浴对身体健康有害。如果不是每天身上都会沾污垢或是每天都出很多汗的工作，普通人一周洗一两次澡足够了。所以选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

Samanta Schweblin, one of the best young Spanish language novelists nominated (提名) by British literary magazine Granta, has visited Beijing to promote the first Chinese edition of a collection of her short stories. The collection, Birds in the Mouth, has been translated and published by Shanghai-based publisher Reader.

“Sometimes I hold the Chinese edition and choose a story at random and try to guess which one it is. But it is almost impossible for me; even the length is different.” says Schweblin. “When a book is translated into a Western language, I can at least understand some parts of my stories, and therefore suffer some doubt about the quality of the translation. But my Chinese edition is more like an act of faith.”

Born in Argentina in 1978, Schweblin says she is influenced by the literary traditions of the La Plata area, home to many famous Latin-American novelists.

！

Interested in writing stories of ordinary lives where suddenly something extraordinary happens, something new, strange or unknown, she thinks, “The stranger and the unknown are not always related to ghosts or aliens, but can be something related to the known world, something that actually could happen.”

Birds in the Mouth tells of a divorced father who worries about his 13-year-old daughter and her mysterious appetites. It turns out that his daughter eats live birds.

The idea for this story came to Schweblin when she was browsing the Internet, “Click, click, click, a picture of a little girl who looks frightened with her hands covering her mouth came to my eyes. Little by little, I developed the story in my mind, and then wrote it down” recalls Schweblin.

Although there are elements of violence and bloodiness in Schweblin's stories, she skillfully hides them, thinking the trick to writing a thrilling story is to stop the monster from appearing, while maintaining a frightening and mysterious atmosphere.

（1）Samanta Schweblin came to China to . A. pay a visit to Beijing B. translate her stories into Chinese

C. help to make her book more popular D. publish her collection

（2）When mentioning her Chinese edition, Schweblin thinks .

·

A. she suffers some doubt about the quality of the translation B. her Chinese edition is slightly different from the original one

C. she can understand some parts of her Chinese edition D. she has a strong belief in her Chinese edition

（3）From the passage we can tell, the author, .

A. has an appetite for writing something extraordinary B. got the idea of her story Birds in the Mouth by design

C. tried to quit describing violent and bloody scenes in her

story D. thinks her writing style is mainly affected by some famous native novelists

（4）We can probably read the passage in .

A. a textbook B. a newspaper C. a

report D. a science fiction

【答案】（1）C

-

（2）D

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。主要对英国文学杂志《格兰达》提名的最年轻的西班牙小说家之一Samanta Schweblin及其作品进行了简单的介绍。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段 Schweblin, …has visited Beijing to promote the first Chinese edition of a collection of her short stories. 来北京是促销她的第一个中文版的短篇小说。由此可知，Samanta来中国就是为了让她的书受欢迎。故答案选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“But my Chinese edition is more like an act of faith”faith与belief是同义词。由此可知，提及她的中文版的书时，她对自己的中文版本很有信心。故答案选D。

（3）推理判断题。文中第四段提到作者写的故事中关于平凡生活中突然发生了一些不寻常的事情，一些新的、奇怪的或未知的事情，她认为这与人们已知世界有关的，有可能发生的。第五段与第六段中的女孩吃鸟的故事，第七段中说作者的故事有暴力与血腥的元素，她的故事有一种惊悚与神秘。可知作者喜欢写一些不同寻常的东西，分析选项可知A项（渴望写出一些不同寻常的东西）符合题意，故答案选A。

（4）推理判断题。Samanta Schweblin是英国文学杂志《格兰达》提名的最年轻的西班牙小说家之一，本文中对她及其作品进行了简单的介绍。因此可推断出本文有可能在报纸上看到。故答案选B。

|

【点评】推理题的解题方法

1. 抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。2. 整合全文（段）信息进行推断。3. 利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断。 4. 根据文章的结论推断作者的态度。5. 根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。 6. 结合已有的知识进行推断。

8．阅读理解

A new study suggests a link between exposure to greenery and reduced desires for alcohol cigarette and junk food.

The study is the first to investigate the possible relationships between exposure to nature and desires and negative emotions. Researchers at the University of Plymouth's School of Psychology surveyed 149 respondents (应答者) aged 21 o 65 about the proportion( 比例 )of green space in their neighborhood, the presence of green views from their home, their access to a garden and how often they use public green space. The study also asked questions about experiences with depression and anxiety, as well as desires for things like caffeine, alcohol and nicotine. Participants rated the intensity( 强度), imagery, and

intrusiveness(侵扰性) of their desires on an 11-point scale.

Researchers found the presence of visible green space contributed to decreased desires for junk food. The effect was particularly noticeable when more than 25 percent of a respondent's view was greenery.

Previous scholarship(学术研究) has dealt mostly with exercise in nature: A 2015 study out of the University of Michigan found 90- minute group nature walks were effective at combatting depression and relieving other mood disorders. But for people who struggle with accessibility or don't have time for a 90-minute walk, this new study suggests just looking out a window at a tree can help fight off a bad habit.

《

\"It has been known for some time that being outdoors in nature is linked to a person's well-being,\" lead author Leanne Martin said in a statement.\" But for there to be a similar association with desires from simply being able to see green space adds a new dimension to the previous research.\"

A 2018 study from Denmark's Aarhus University for example, found that. Having access to green space throughout childhood decreased a person's risk of developing mental health problems as an adult.

（1）What does the second paragraph mainly talk about

results of the new study.

purpose of the new study.

significance of the new study.

content of the new study.

（2）What does the underlined word \"combatting\" in paragraph 4 probably mean

~

.

.

.

（3）According to the passage, the new study _____.

referred to exercise in nature

enriched the previous research to some degree

carried out by the University of Michigan

;

exposure to greenery helped cure mental problems

（4）n which section of a newspaper may this passage appear

World

&Science

【答案】 （1）D

（2）A

)

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新的研究成果---多看绿色植物和吃垃圾食品这两者看似风马牛不相及，可研究结构却表明它们之间存在着一种奇妙的关系：多看绿色植物能帮助人们克制吃垃圾食品的欲望。

（1）考查段落大意。根据第二段中的 “Researchers …surveyed 149 respondents aged 21 o 65 about the proportion of green space in their

neighborhood…”研究人员调查了年龄在21~65岁之间的149名参与者小区内的绿植比例……；以及“The study also asked questions about experiences with depression and anxiety…”研究中还问了与抑郁及焦虑有关的问题……等可知，第二段主要介绍了新研究的调查内容，故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据常识可知，在大自然中散步对人体有各种各样的好处，再结合句中出现的“relieving other mood disorders(缓解其他情绪紊乱)”不难推断出， combatting depression应表示“减轻抑郁”。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“…adds a new dimension(方面) to the previous research”为以前的研究增加了新的方面，可知，新的研究在某种程度上丰富了之前的研究成果。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一项科学研究的研究成果，所以该文章最有可能出现在“技术与科学”版块。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

）

9．阅读理解

Half a Day

I walked alongside my father, holding his right hand. All my clothes were new: the black shoes, the green school uniform, and the red cap. They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time.

\"Why school\" I asked my father. \"What have I done\"

\"I'm not punishing you,\" he said, laughing. \"School's not a punishment. It's a place that makes useful men out of boys. Don't you want to be useful like your brothers\"

I was not convinced. I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building.

When we arrived at the gate we could see the courtyard, vast and full of boys and girls. \"Go in by you,\" said my father, \"and join them. Put a smile on your face and be a good example to others.\"

·

I hesitated and squeezed his hand firmly, but he gently pushed me from him. \"Be a man\when it's time to leave.\"

I took a few steps. Then the faces of the boys and girls came into view. I did not know a single one of them, and none of them knew me. I felt I was a stranger who had lost his way. But then some boys began to glance at me in curiosity, and one of them came over and asked, \"Who brought you\"

\"My father,\" I whispered.

\"My father's dead,\" he said simply.

I did not know what to say. The gate was now closed. Some of the children burst into tears. The bell rang. A lady came along and said, \"This is your new home. There are mothers and fathers here, too. Everything that is enjoyable and beneficial is here. So dry your tears and face life joyfully.\"

Well, it seemed that my misgivings had had no basis. From the first moments I made many friends. I had never imagined school would have this rich variety of experiences.

（1）On the way to school, the boy felt .

A. happy B. embarrassed C. upset D. excited

>

（2）About schooling, Father suggested .

A. wearing a smile B. tearing himself away from games

C. waiting for parents D. throwing himself to studying

（3） helped him most on the first day at school.

A. Teachers and classmates B. Courtyards and buildings

C. Father and brother D. New uniforms and shoes

（4）What would probably happen next

A. The school life would turn out to be a failure.

—

B. Boys in the school would watch him curiously.

C. He would open up a new journey of colorful life.

D. His parents would accompany him at the school.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）A

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者第一天去学校的时候并不开心，但是等他到了学校之后，他结交了很多朋友，开始了新的生活。

；

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time.”可知穿新衣服并没有让作者开心，因为他要第一次被扔进学校了；再根据第四段中的“I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building.”可知作者不相信将他从家中撕裂并被扔进这座巨大的高墙建筑（也就是学校）中真的有什么好处。综合可知作者认为去学校不好，去学校的路上是不开心的，沮丧的，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的\"Go in by you, \" said my father, \"and join them. Put a smile on your face and be a good example to others. \"可知作者的父亲对他说：\"进去吧，加入他们的行列。面带微笑，成为他人的好榜样。\"也就是作者的父亲让他面带微笑，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“A lady came along and said, \"This is

your new home. …and face life joyfully. ”；以及最后一段中的\"Well, it seemed that my misgivings had had no basis. From the first moments I made many friends.“可知老师过来对作者他们说了一番话，作者听了这番话之后觉得之前自己的顾虑是毫无根据的，打消了顾虑。他一开始就交到了很多朋友。这说明老师帮助作者在学校的第一天过得很好，他的同学也和他成为了朋友。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”From the first moments I made many friends. I had never imagined school would have this rich variety of experiences.“可知从一开始我就结交了很多朋友。我从未想象过学校会有如此丰富的经历。由此推断之后作者会在学校开始新的生活，会有丰富的经历，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

Basic information about three classical movies

~

1 Forrest Gump

\"Stupid is as stupid does,\" says Forrest Gump (played by Tom Hanks in an Oscar-winning performance) as he discusses his relative level of intelligence with a stranger while waiting for a bus. Despite his sub-normal IQ, Gump leads a truly

charmed life, with a ringside seat for many of the most memorable events of the second half of the 20th century... (Click here to show more)

Rating: PG-13 (Under 13 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)

Genre: Comedy, Drama, Romance

Directed By: Robert Zemeckis

Written By: Eric Roth

In Theaters: Jul 6, 1994 Wide

…

On Disc/Streaming: Aug 28, 2001

Box Office： $ 330,000,000

Runtime: 142 minutes

Studio: Paramount Pictures

2 Rain Man

Self-centered, avaricious Californian Charlie Babbitt (Tom Cruise) is informed that his long-estranged father has died. Expecting at least a portion of the elder Babbitt's $ 3 million estate, Charlie learns that all he's inherited is his dad's prize roses and a 1949 Buick Roadmaster. Discovering that the $ 3 million is being held in trust for an unidentified party, Charlie heads to his home town of Cincinnati to ascertain who that party is…(Click here to show more)

Rating: R(Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)

`

Genre: Drama

Directed By: Barry Levinson

Written By: Ronald Bass, Barry Morrow, David Rayfiel, Barry Levinson

In Theaters: Dec 16, 1988 Wide

On Disc/Streaming: Jan 1, 2000

Runtime: 133 minutes

Studio: MGM

3 The Shawshank Redemption

In 1946, a banker named Andy Dufresne (Tim Robbins) is convicted of a double murder, even though he stubbornly proclaims his innocence. He's sentenced to a life term at the Shawshank State Prison in Maine, where another lifer, Ellis \"Red\" Redding (Morgan Freeman), picks him as the new recruit most likely to crack under the pressure. But... (Click here to show more)

Rating: R (Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)

Genre: A Prison Drama

Directed By: Frank Darabont

Written By: Frank Darabont

In Theaters: Sep 10, 1994 Wide

On Disc/Streaming: Jan 27, 1998

Runtime: 142 minutes

Studio: Columbia Pictures

（1）Who is the director of Rain Man

Darabont.

Morrow.

Levinson

Zemeckis.

（2）The type of The Shawshank Redemption is .

drama

（3）Which of the following persons is regarded to be unintelligent in the three movies

Dufresne.

Babbitt.

Gump.

Man.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三部经典电影的基本情况。这三部电影是《阿甘正传》、《雨人》和《肖申克的救赎》。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Rain Man部分中的“Directed By: Barry Levinson”可知，Rain Man的导演是Barry Levinson。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据The Shaw shank Redemption部分中的“Genre: A

Prison Drama，”可知，The Shaw shank Redemption电影的体裁是A Prison Drama监狱剧，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据 Forrest Gump部分中的\"‘Stupid is as stupid does,’says Forrest Gump ... Despite his sub-normal IQ, Gump leads a truly charmed life.“傻人有傻福”阿甘（Forrest Gump）的饰演者汤姆·汉克斯说...。尽管他(阿甘)的智商低于正常水平，阿甘过着一种真正令人神往的生活。可知，阿甘的智力不高，所以不聪明。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。