中考英语语法知识点练习题

英语中句子的主语要与其后的谓语保持一致，即“主谓一致”。一般遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 Ⅰ. 用适当的be动词或助动词填空。 1. Every student _______ got a book.

2. The number of students in the school _______ now rising. 3. A number of boys _______ playing basketball at the moment. 4. There _______ something else in the desk.

5. Tom, together with his mother, _______ gone to New York. 6. The teacher with two students _______ playing sports. 7. This pair of trousers _______ made by my aunt last year. 8. Five months _______ a long time to wait. 9. Here _______ some books.

10. To clean the room _______ your duty. Ⅱ. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

11. When I got there, they each _______ (read) a book. 12. Neither of us _______ (like) the storybook.

13. Everyone except me _______ (go) to the cinema yesterday. 14. A football team often _______ (have) eleven players.

15. No one but my parents _______ (know) the truth. 16. Jim’s family _______ (enjoy) watching TV after supper. 17. What you said _______ (be) quite useful to us. 18. Look! The class _______ (do) morning exercise on the playground.

19. Twenty years _______ (have) passed since he left his hometown.

20. Three glasses of milk _______ (be) enough for us. Ⅲ. 单项选择

( )21. Either Tom or I ______ going there tomorrow. A. are B. is C. am D. be ( )22. Jenny as well as her friends ______ swimming. A. are going B. has gone C. were going D. have gone ( )23. No one ______ swimming in such bad weather. A. like B. likes C. liking D. liked ( )24. —What ______ the number of the students in your school?

—About two thousand. A number of them ______ from the USA. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are

( )25. I hear one third of the books in Wuhu Library ______ new. Let’s borrow some.

A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )26. Good news! There ______ fewer people catching this kind of illness now.

A. are B. is C. was D. were ( )27. The news ______ very interesting! Tell me more! A. is B. are C. were D. was ( )28. —I don’t think it’s good to drive eight hours without a rest.

—I agree. Eight hours ______ really a very long time. A. has B. is C. are D. am ( )29. Either Tom or she ______ going to the party next week. One of them must stay at home.

A. are B. was C. is D. be ( )30. This is my twin sister Lucy. Both she and I ______ good at drawing.

A. am B. is C. are D. be ( )31. Now the students each ______ an English-Chinese dictionary.

A. has B. have C. is having D. are having ( )32. One of my friends ______ already moved to London. A. do B. does C. have D. has ( )33. I think physics ______ more difficult than Chinese.

A. is B. are C. have D. has ( )34. Not only Jim but also his sister ______ a few cities since they came to China. A. will visit B. has visited C. have visited D. visited

( )35. Neither Jim nor his cousins ______ to France, but ______ of them know the country very well. A. have been; all B. have been; both C. has been; all D. has been; both 【指点迷津】

“主谓一致”最基本的原则是：单数主语用单数谓语动词；复数主语用复数谓语动词。但在实际运用中情况比较复杂，现将同学们常犯的错误归纳如下：

◆each作主语的同位语时，谓语动词由主语决定。

◆half of, the rest of, most of, all of及“百分数或分数+of”等后接名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词。 ◆all作主语，常表示可数的人或物。作“所有的人或物”讲时，谓语动词用复数；作“一切”讲时，谓语动词用单数。

◆主语后有with, together with, like, except, but, as well as 等引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。

◆people, police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。family, class, group, team等集体名词作主语，若强调一个整体，谓语动

词用单数；若强调具体成员，谓语动词用复数。

◆表示度量、价格、时间、长度等的复数名词或词组作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

◆由Here / There开头的句子，其主语不止一个时，谓语动词通常与邻近的主语保持一致。

◆“a number of +复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数；“the number of +复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。 直接引语和间接引语 【练习导航】

将下列直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词。 1. “I am doing my homework,” she said.

She said that _______ _______ doing _______ homework. 2. “I haven’t been there before,” Susan said to me. Susan _______ me that she _______ _______ there before. 3. “Lucy went to the park with her friends,” Lily said. Lily said that Lucy _______ _______ to the park with her friends.

4. My geography teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the earth.”

My geography teacher said that the sun _______ bigger than the earth.

5. “I cleaned the room yesterday,” Tom said.

Tom told me that he _______ cleaned the room _______ _______ _______.

6. “You can come here before five,” he said. He said that I _______ _______ _______ before five. 7. “Tom repaired his car two weeks ago,” she said. She said that Tom _______ repaired his car two weeks _______. 8. “Did you finish the work last week?” he asked.

He _______ _______ I had finished the work the week _______. 9. She said, “You can sit here, Jim.” She _______ Jim that he _______ sit there. 10. He asked, “When will you be back, Susan?” He asked Susan _______ _______ _______ be back. 11. She asked me, “You went there that day, didn’t you?” She asked me _______ _______ _______ _______ there that day.

12. “Did you do your homework last night, Jack?” She asked. She asked Jack _______ _______ _______ _______ his homework the night _______.

13. The old man said to me, “Leave the window open.” The old man _______ me _______ leave the window open. 14. “Do you want to have a cup of tea?” Tom asked me. Tom _______ me _______ _______ _______ to have a cup of

tea.

15. “Don’t play football in the street, Mike,” she said. She _______ Mike _______ _______ _______ football in the street. 【指点迷津】

直接引语变为间接引语时，需要注意以下变化： ◆人称的变化

直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语的主语的人称要遵循“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”的原则。如下表： 直接引语的主语 变为间接引语后 第一人称 与主句的主语一致 第二人称 与主句的宾语一致 第三人称 不变 ◆时态的变化

直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语的时态应进行如下变化： 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在完成时 过去完成时

◆指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变化

直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语

地点状语 here there 时间状语 yesterday the day before 动词 come go today that day

指示代词 this that tomorrow the next day these those ago before ◆注意事项

1. 如果主句为一般现在时或将来时态，间接引语的时态不变。 2. 如果在当地转述，here不改为there，come也不改为go。 3. 如果在当天转述，today, tomorrow或yesterday等不改变。 4. 如果转述的是自然现象、客观存在的规律等，间接引语的时态不变。 Key： 主谓一致

Ⅰ. 1. has 2. is 3. are 4. is 5. has 6. is 7. was 8. is 9. are 10. is Ⅱ. 11. were reading 12. likes 13. went 14. has 15. knows

16. enjoy 17. is 18. are doing 19. has 20. are 21-25 CBBAB 26-30 AABCC 31-35 ADABA 直接引语和间接引语

1. she was; her 2. told; hadn’t been 3. had gone 4. is 5. had; the day before 6. could go there

7. had; before 8. asked if / whether; before 9. told; could

10. when she would 11. whether / if I had gone 12. if / whether he had done; before 13. told; to 14. asked; if I wanted 15. told; not to play 形容词

一、考查形容词的用法 Ⅰ. 单项选择

( ) 1. ¬¬— What news it was!

— Yes, all of the children were very . A. surprising; surprised B. surprising; surprising C. surprised; surprised D. surprised; surprising ( ) 2. — This kind of fruit looks . — Yes, and it tastes even . A. well; good B. nice; better C. good; worse D. better; best

( ) 3. He became when he heard the exciting news. A. angry B. angrily C. happy D. happily ( ) 4. The ice in the lake is about one meter . It’s strong enough to skate on.

A. long B. high C. thick D. wide Ⅱ. 根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。

1. (年轻人) should be polite to (老人).

2. Don’t leave the door (开着的). It’s too cold. 3. The baby is (睡着的). Turn down the TV, please.

4. Basketball is a kind of (受欢迎的) sport. Most people like it.

5. He lives alone, but he doesn’t feel (孤独的). 6. China is a (发展中的) country. 【指点迷津】

1. 形容词作表语，放在系动词之后。

2. 形容词作宾补，放在宾语之后，与之构成复合宾语。

2. 大多数形容词既可作定语又可作表语，但有少数形容词只能作表语，如afraid, alone, asleep, awake, alive, ill, well等。 4. 某些形容词前加定冠词表示一类人或物，为复数概念，在句中起名词作用，可作主语或宾语。

5. 某些以-ly结尾的词不是副词而是形容词，如friendly, lonely, lovely, likely, daily, lively等。 二、考查形容词的位置 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成句子。 1. 你还有别的事情要说吗？ Do you have to say?

2. 老师有一些重要的事情要告诉我们。

The teacher has to tell us. 3. 人口问题将会是一个大问题。

The population will be . 4. 妈妈带着一个装满鸡蛋的篮子从超市回来了。 Mom came back from the supermarket with. Ⅱ. 单项选择

( ) 1. Tom’s father thinks he is already. A. high enough B. tall enough C. enough high D. enough tall

( ) 2. — What hings can you see in the picture, my friend? — Nothing, I think. A. other B. else C. another D. others 【指点迷津】

1. 形容词修饰名词时，要放在名词之前。

2. 形容词修饰不定代词，如something, anything, someone, everyone等时，形容词须后置。

3. else只能作后置定语，放在what, who, how, where等特殊疑问词和不定代词（副词）之后；而other常用来修饰名词，位于名词之前。

4. 形容词短语作定语要放在被修饰词之后，作后置定语，但复合形容词作定语时，要放在被修饰词之前。

5. enough作形容词修饰名词时，位置可前可后；但enough作副词修饰形容词或副词时须后置。 三、考查形容词的比较级和最高级 Ⅰ. 单项选择

( ) 1. She is careful as me, but I’m than you. A. as; much careful B. as; much more careful C. so; more careful D. so, very careful ( ) 2. Tom has made progress this term than before. A. little B. less C. fewer D. much

( ) 3. Which is , the sun, the moon or the earth?

A. big B. bigger C. the biggest D. the bigger ( ) 4. My sister sings English songs of us all. A. badly B. worse C. more badly D. worst

( ) 5. Of the two girls, Lucy is one. I think you can find her easily.

A. tallest B. the taller C. taller D. the tallest Ⅱ. 根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。

1. This apple is (是„„的两倍大) that one. 2. My hometown is getting (越来越漂亮). 3. Shanghai is (最美丽的城市之一) in China.

4 (越忙) he is,(越高兴) he feels.

5. Now the air in our hometown is (好得多) than it was ten years ago. 【指点迷津】

1. 句中只出现了一个人或物，没有比较对象时，要用原级。 2. 表示两者之间的比较时，用比较级。 3. 表示三者或三者以上的比较时，用最高级。 副词

一、考查副词的用法

Ⅰ. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. “We must keep in the library,” the librarian said to me.quiet)

2. Please read the sentences . The you read, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. (careful)

3. I didn’t sleep ast night, so now I feel very tired. (well) 4. Mr Smith was moved at the news. (deep)

5. It snowed last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy) Ⅱ. 单项选择

( ) 1. What a cough! You seem ill.

A. terrible; terribly B. terribly; terrible C. terrible; terrible D. terribly; terribly

( ) 2. If you want to know the word , you’d better look it up in the dictionary.

A. hardly B. carefully C. mostly D. exactly ( ) 3. Will you please speak to an old person? A. kind B. kindly C. bad D. badly 【指点迷津】

1. 副词修饰动词时，位于动词后；修饰形容词时，位于形容词前；修饰副词时，位于另一副词前。

2. 注意英语中兼有两种形式的副词，如表示空间深度用deep，表示感情上的深度常用deeply；late意为“晚”，lately意为“最近”等。

二、考查副词的分类和位置 单项选择

( ) 1. She always finishes her homework on time. She leaves it for tomorrow.

A. always B. never C. usually D. sometimes ( ) 2. — Can you catch what I said? — Sorry, I can understand it.

A. almost B. hardly C. nearly D. hard ( ) 3. — is your sister now? — She is much better.

A. How B. What C. Where D. Who

( )4. — is Mike?

— I think he is at school.

A. Who B. What C. Where D. How ( ) 5. — Hi, Bob! I can’t find my history book. Have you seen it ?

— Sorry, I haven’t. Why not ask Tim? Perhaps he’s seen it. A. somewhere B. everywhere C. nowhere D. anywhere

( ) 6. — have you been in China? — For three months.

A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How often ( ) 7. — Have you had your supper ? — Yes, I have had it.

A. already; yet B. yet; yet C. already; never D. yet; already

( ) 8. — I haven’t been to London yet. — I haven’t been there . A. too B. also C. either D. neither

( ) 9. Please don’t eat ice cream. It’s bad for your health. A. much too B. too much C. too many D. many too

( )10. The computer is expensive that I can’t afford it.

A. so B. such C. very D. quite 【指点迷津】

副词一般分为时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、频度副词、疑问副词等。

频度副词一般放在系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，行为动词之前。程度副词一般位于被修饰词之前，但enough要放在被修饰词之后。时间副词通常放在句末，但有些也可放在句中。疑问副词通常放在句首。

三、考查副词的比较级和最高级 单项选择

( ) 1. I felt tired last night, so I went to bed than usual. A. early B. earlier C. late D. later ( ) 2. The horse is getting old and cannot run it did. A. as faster as B. so fast than C. faster D. so fast as

( ) 3. I believe that you work, result you’ll get. A. the harder; the better B. the harder; a better C. the more hard; the more better D. more hard; more better

( ) 4. Which do you like , tea, orange or water?

A. good B. well C. best D. better ( ) 5. Li Ming ran faster than the other boys in the sports

meeting.

A. so B. much C. very D. too

( ) 6. No one can run as fast as John in his class. The sentence means .

A. John runs fastest in his class

B. John runs faster than any other boy in his class C. John runs more slowly than any girl in his class D. John runs as fast as others in his class 【指点迷津】

副词的比较级和最高级的构成与形容词类似，但用于句中时，副词的最高级前的定冠词the可以省略。 Key： 形容词

一、Ⅰ. 1-4 ABCC

Ⅱ. 1. The young; the old 2. open 3. asleep 4. popular 5. lonely 6. developing

二、Ⅰ. 1. anything else 2. something important 3. a big problem 4. a basket full of eggs Ⅱ. 1-2 BA 三、Ⅰ. 1-5 BBCDB Ⅱ. 1. twice as big as

2. more and more beautiful

3. one of the most beautiful cities 4. The busier; the happier 5. much better 副词

一、Ⅰ. 1. quiet; quietly 2. carefully; more carefully 3. well 4. deeply Ⅱ. 1-3 ADB

二、1-5 BBACD 6-10 ADCBA 三、1-6 BDACBA

5. heavily