翻译技巧之切分与合并及归化(一) 来源: 切分
英语中长句较多,句中修饰语多且长,使句子结构复杂,所以英译汉时,不能照样克隆复制,而是得根据汉语语法的特点,灵活处理。切分就是一种常用的方法,是指把英语中的长句分解成两个或两个以上的句子。它常包括单词分译、短语分译和句子分译等三种情况。 (一)单词分译
单词分译是指把原文中的一个单词拆译成一个小句或者句子。采用单词分译主要有两个目的:一是为了句法上的需要。由于一些单词在搭配、词义等方面的特点,直译会使句子生硬晦涩,翻译腔十足,而把某个单词分译却能使句子通顺,且不损伤原意。二是为了修饰上的需要,如加强语气,突出重点等。英语中的名词、动词、形容词和副词等都可分译。例如:
(1)We recognize that China‘s long-term modernization program understandably and necessarily emphasizes economic growth.
我们认识到,中国的长期现代化计划以发展经济为重点,这是可以理解的,也是必要的。 (2) Then and there he named the startled General lying wounded on his cot the new Commander in Chief of the Airforce?
他就在当时当地任命这位躺在榻上治伤的将军为空军总司令,使这位将军吃了一惊。
(3) A movie of me leaving that foxhole would look like a shell leaving a rifle. 我离开那个猫儿洞的速度之快,要是拍成电影的话,会象出膛的子弹一样。
(4) Yet it is painfully apparent that millions of Americans who would never think of themselves as
law-breakers, let alone criminals, are taking increasing liberties with the legal codes that are designed to protect and nourish their society.