祈使句
【Key Points】
一、祈使句的概念：
1. 表达命令、请求、劝告等的句子。 2. 祈使句省略了主语：第二人称。 3. 谓语动词用原形。 二、肯定形式
1. Do 型 2. Be 型 三、否定形式
一般情况
句首加 Don’t
do 型：Don’t do… be 型：Don’t be… 特殊情况
1. let sb do sth 句型
sb.为第一人称时，在 sb.后加 not sb.为第三人称时，在句首加 don’t
2. No+名词 / 动名词 “禁止……” 3. Never + 动词原形 “绝不……”
四、祈使句中一些需要注意的情况
1. 在句首加 please 或句末加 please(前有逗号)，表委婉语气
Please sit down!
Sit down, please!
2. 意思明显时，谓语动词可省去
This way, please. 请这边走。
3. 为明确对象，可加上称呼，但要用逗号隔开
Jim, come here.
4. 为加强语气，可以在肯定句前加 do Do work
hard!
一定要努力学习！
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【精讲精练】 一．翻译下列句子。
1. 开门！
2. 现在起床并整理你的床铺。
3. 对他严格点！ 4. 把电视声音关小点。 5. 慢点儿！ 6. 吃慢点儿！ 7. 早一点儿！ 8. 让我们走吧！ 9. 不要开门。
10. 不要把电视声音关小。 11. 不要对他严格！ 12. 不要让她走！ 13. 我们别去公园了！ 14. 禁止讲话！ 15. 禁止吐痰！
16. 不要迟到！ 17. 绝不要迟到！
【综合练习】
一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. (say) it again. 2. the window, please. 3. (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and (be) polite.
4. (not, let) the baby cry. 5. Let’s (not, say) anything about it. 6. No ! (fish) 7. Never (cheat) others. 二、单选。
1. Please me some money, will you? A. lend B. lending
C. to lend
D. be lend
2. the truth, or I won’t let you leave here.
A. Tell
B. To tell
C. Telling
D. Tells
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3. out your love. The world will become a nicer place to live in. A. Spoke B. To speak
C. Speak
D. Speaking
4. He is not honest. believe him.
A. Not B. Don’t
C. To not
D. Not to
5. in bed. It’s bad for your eyes.
A. Not to read
B. Don’t read C. Don’t to read
D. Not read
6.
your child. We’ll look after him.
A. Not to worry about
B. Don’t worry about C. Not worry for
D. Don’t worry with
7. worried about me, Mom. I’ve grown up.
A. Don’t B. Don’t be
C. Not
D. Not be
8. tell a lie. A. Hardly B. Not C. No D .Never
9. Sindy, to be here at 8 o’clock.
A. is sure
B. is sure that C. will be sure
D. be sure
10. Lily, the bike there.
A. no put B. doesn’t put C. don’t put D. not put
11. Jack,
, or you will get heavier.
A. doesn’t play sports any more B. doesn’t eat so much meat C. don’t play sports any more D. don’t eat so much meat 12. when you cross the road. A. Do careful
B. Careful C. Do be careful
D. To be careful
13. —The math exam is coming. I’m very nervous.
—Just
. I’m sure you’ll do well in it.
A. make progress
B. pay attention C. take it easy
D. look out
14. —May I speak to Mr. Smith?
—
, please. I’ll see if he is in.
A. Look out
B. Hold on
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C. Get up D. Come on
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15. Which is a traffic sign?
A. KEEP QUIET
B. DO NOT DISTURB C. TURN LEFT D. SOLD OUT
三、完成句子。
1. Will you please read it again more slowly?(改为祈使句)
again more slowly, please.
2. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. (改为祈使句) careless, please. 3. If you don’t listen to me, I'll go. (改为同义句) me, or I’ll go. 4. If you move, you’ll die. (改为同义句)
, or you'll die.
5. 做作业时不要听音乐。
music while you are doing your homework.
6. 快点，否则你将会迟到。 ( hurry, or)
【参】 【精讲精练】
一．翻译下列句子。 1. Open the door！
2. Get up now and make your bed. 3. Be strict with him！ 4. Turn down the TV. 5. Be slow! 6. Eat slowly! 7. Be early!
8. Let’s go!
9. Don’t open the door.
10. Don’t turn down the TV.
11. Don’t be strict with him! 12. Don’t let her go!
13. Let’s not go to the park! 14. No talking! 或 Don’t talk! 15. No spitting! 或 Don’t spit! 16. Don’t be late! 17. Never be late! 【综合练习】
一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Say 2. Close 3. Don’t speak ；be 4. Don’t let
5. not say 6. fishing 7. cheat 二、单选。 1—5：AACBB 6—10：BBDDC 11—15：DCCBC 三．完成句子。
1. Read it 2. Don’t be 3.Listen to 4.Don’t move 5.Don’t listen to you will be late.
6. Hurry up, or 5
