• How these factors interact is still unknown today and they remain largely unpredictable in a person’s life.
今天这些因素是如何相互作用仍然未知,他们在一个人的生命很大程度上仍是不可预知的。
• What school education should involve / stress has always been a dilemma for both schools and parents.
什么学校教育应该包括/应力一直是个两难学校与家长双方。 • In my opinion, what the assertion conveys is far beyond a new fashion / trend; it carries certain cultural implications as well. 在我看来,就远远超出一个新的承载的潮流趋势,它携带某种文化含义。
2、宾语从句(表语从句)
• No one will doubt that mobiles phones have replaced written letters and become the most widely used means of communication. 没有人会怀疑,移动电话已经取代了写的信件,成为最广泛使用的通讯工具。
• My own view is that there is no one major influence in a person’s life.
我自己的看法是, 对于一个人的生命并没有一个主要影响。 • My view is that young people should be encouraged to broaden their horizons.
我的看法是应该鼓励年轻人,让他们扩阔视野。 3、让步状语从句
• Though these kids might grow up well and sound under the protection of parents and grandparents, they may fail to cope with the pressure when they have to face the real life by themselves. 虽然这些孩子都会长大,处在父母和祖父母的保护下,他们可能无法应付压力,当他们不得不面对现实生活中自己。
• Despite all our efforts to build a cozy environment for them, they may end up being too fragile and vulnerable when faced with the cruel competition in society.
尽管我们竭尽全力想建立一个舒适的环境,他们可能会过于脆弱和弱势时,面对残酷的竞争的社会。
• While some people link happiness to wealth and material success, others think it lies in emotions and loving personal relationships. 虽然有些人幸福和物质财富链接的成功,有的人觉得它躺在爱的情绪和人际关系
• Today the way we consider human psychology and mental development is heavily influenced by the genetic sciences. 今天我们认为人类心理和精神的发展在很大程度上受到了遗传科学。 4、定语从句
• They tend to be more independent, which is a very important factor
in academic study and research, giving them an advantage in terms of coping with the challenges of student life.
他们往往更,这是一个非常重要的因素,研究学术研究,给他们一个有利条件方面的挑战,应对突发事件的学生生活。
• Parents and teenagers often disagree about the amount of freedom and responsibility the young people are to have.
家长及青少年经常不同意关于自由与责任的数量的年轻人。 • There are some people who think that competition in children should be made.
有些人认为孩子应该竞争。 5、原因状语从句
• Happiness is very difficult to define, because it means different things to different people.
幸福是很难定义,因为它对不同的人意味着不同的东西。
• In many poverty-stricken areas in China, few children can afford to go to school owing to lack of financial support.
在许多贫困地区在中国,只有很少的孩子才可以钱上学由于缺乏资金支持。
• Because people interpret happiness for themselves in so many different ways, it is difficult to give any definition that is true for everyone.
因为人们诠释幸福为自己在许多不同的方法,很难给任何定义适用
于每个人。 6、条件状语从句
• However, if there are different kinds of happiness for different individuals then the first step in achieving it would be to have a degree of self-knowledge.
然而,如果有各种不同类型的不同个体的幸福就实现这一目标的第一步将会有一定程度的自我认识。
• If we rest upon the previous trivial successes we have achieved, we may miss the more wonderful things in the days to come.
如果我们只是一味沉醉在先前的琐碎的成功我们已经取得的成就,我们可能会错过更多更美好的事物在将来的日子。 7、同位语从句
• No one would cast any doubt on the fact that e-books are gaining increasing popularity.
没有人会施放任何怀疑这一事实,正获得越来越多的电子书普及。 • The past several years have witnessed a ridiculous phenomenon that …
过去的几年里目睹一个荒唐的现象,…
• I agree with the statement that there should be no government restriction on creative artists who express themselves in the way they do and that they must be given freedom for the same reason. 我赞同这样的说法,不应该有任何谁有创造性的艺术家表
达自己的方式,他们必须被给予自由,也是出于同样的原因。 8、强调句
• It is in this particular situation that the authorities carry out the “Project Hope”.
正是在这种特殊情况下,当局实施“希望工程”。
• While global economic integration has fostered through cultural interchanges, it is multiculturalism that essentially makes the society and its people diverse, colorful vigorous and open-minded. 在全球经济一体化的有名望的立体交叉通过文化,它是本质上使社会文化多元多样和它的人民、丰富多彩的活力和开明的人。 • It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person’s personality and dictates how that personality develops. 这是两间的相互作用,形成一个人的性格,性格和小儿发展。 • It is the mere expression of our thoughts that we are able to communicate.
这是我们的思想仅仅表达,我们能够沟通。
• It is through respect that each one of us can be recognized as a unique person in the world.
它是通过尊重我们每一个人都可以被视为一个独一无二的人,在世界上。 9、虚拟语气
• If this were not true, we would be able to predict the behavior and
character of a person from the moment they were born.
如果这是不真实的,我们就可以预测其行为与一个人的品质从那一刻开始,他们出生。
• Had there been any restrictions on the way creative artists express their thoughts, there would never have been such great works as Vencor’s “Cut Sunflowers” or Rodin’s “Thinker”.
如果那时候能有任何有创造性的艺术家的方式来表达自己的思想,就不会如此巨大的作品的“切向日葵”Vencor罗丹的“思想家”或。
10、并列、排比结构
• Friends are those people one can consult problems with, share happiness with and exchange opinions with.
朋友是一个可以咨询问题的人,分享快乐与并交换意见。
• We meet smokers everywhere: in the streets, on college campuses and in shops.
我们满足吸烟者到处都是:在街道上,在大学校园和商店。
• They give their children all the best things they can afford and do not let their children do anything at home.
他们给孩子最好的东西,他们能负担得起的,不让他们的孩子做任何事在家里。
• Every day, every hour, and even every minute, we face a lot of problems either at work or at home.
每一天,每一小时,甚至每一分钟,我们面临的很多问题都是在工作或在家里。
• Stress is one such “illness” and people try different ways to escape from it. Some people read; some write; some exercise; others work in their gardens.
压力就是这样的一个“疾病”和人尝试不同的方法来逃避它。有些人阅读,有些写;一些锻炼,有的工作在他们的花园。 11、倒装句
• Only in this way can we protect our natural environment. 只有用这种方法我们才能保护我们的自然环境。
• Under no circumstances / On no account should a nation prevent or escape from the cultural internationalization.
在任何情况下,无论如何都要/国家预防或者逃避文化国际化。 • Only when a person experiences all sorts of trials and sufferings can he or she survive the blows of storms or misfortunes, and eventually establish himself firmly in the society.
一个人只有经历各种各样的考验和苦难可以他或她在不幸和风雨中生存,最终使自己牢牢锁定在社会。
He (Fish) was not reckoned as successful after graduation, among many signs is the fact that most of his classmates went abroad while he was each and every time refused by officials in visa-granting office for unexplainable reasons.
他(鱼)并不视为成功毕业后,在许多神迹的事实是他的大多数同学出国去了,他的每一个时间拒绝visa-granting办公室无法解释的原因。 12、There be
• Many college graduates fail to find suitable employment because there are simply not enough opportunities to accommodate such great numbers of graduates.
许多大学毕业生找不到合适的工作,因为那里根本没有足够的机会来容纳如此巨大数量的毕业生。
• There are many movies that have been made about the wars in America, such as Gone With the Wind. 有很多电影的内容都与美国的战争,如《飘》。 13、被动句
• Odds and funny as they sound, such false promises can be seen and heard everywhere in our country.
优势和有趣的,因为他们的声音,这些虚假承诺到处都可以看到和听到的在我们国家。 14、比较级、最高级
• People in darker places need more light than ordinary people. 人们需要更多的光照深色的地方比普通百姓。 • Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。
15、it is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. It s + adv. + p.p. + for sb to do sth
• Hence, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to reverse this disturbing trend ….
因此,我们急需采取严厉的措施来扭转这一令人不安的趋势…。 • It is widely acknowledged that mobile phones have brought dramatic change to people’s way of communication. 人们普遍认为手机带来戏剧性的变化对人民的交流方式。 • It is often suggested that practical skills should be listed as a part of school education.
它通常是建议实践技能应列为学校教育的一部分。 16、it is high time + did
• It is high time that measures be taken by both communities and families to take better care of the old people.
现在正是时候,措施被两个社区和家庭更好地照顾的老年人。 17、when (doing)
• In the second place, a friend is able to share happiness and success without feeling jealous and he will listen to your sorrows when you talk about your problem.
第二,朋友是能与他人分享幸福和成功,没有感觉嫉妒,他会听你悲伤当你谈论你的问题。
• It is clear that a unique culture can be accepted by the international
society when its distinctive features are fully expressed.
很明显,是一个独具特色的文化能接受国际社会的特色是当它充分表达。
• When presenting, the teacher should create a desire amongst the student to crave for knowledge on the subject. 在研究,教师应该创建一个愿望在学生渴望知识的内容。
When learning with a group, discussing and debating become possible, which usually develop a perfect environment to develop critical thinking skills, and where many problems can even be solved unconsciously.
在一个小组中学习时,就有可能进行讨论和辩论,这通常会发展一个完美的环境,发展批判性的思维能力,存在着诸多问题,严重会在不知不觉中解决
18. There is no denying / doubt that … (it is undeniable that) . It is undeniable that continuously developing technologies have brought tremendous benefits.
不可否认的是,不断发展带来了巨大的利益。技术 20. Do (does) 表强调
.I do strongly support the idea that teachers should make learning enjoyable and fun for the students.
我强烈支持这样一个观点,即教师应使学习愉快、有趣,为学生。
21. The example (phenomenon) of sb doing sth…
• The innovation of teachers being paid according to their students’ performance is catching up in many developing countries. 教师的创新被支付,根据他们的学生成绩赶上来了许多发展中国家。
• The example of my younger brother getting his master degree through self – taught education proves...
例我年幼的弟弟获得硕士学位证明通过自我教导教育…
• The practice of making history a compulsory course proves itself a wise decision.
创造历史的实践证明必修课程本身就是一个明智的决定。 22、with
• With the rapid improvement in… / growing awareness of… / development of … (with … doing sth. / sth. being done …) 快速改进的增长……意识的发展…(…做某事。/某事做的…) • With millions of children homeless and thousands of families in poverty, it is ludicrous for governments to pour such funds on exploring space.
成千上万的儿童无家可归,成千上万的家庭陷入贫穷,这是可笑的,资金倒探索太空。
• With a rapid growth of population, more and more people came to live where some wild species have been living.
人口增长加快,越来越多的人来住在一些野生物种的生活。 23、Whether… or …
• Yet we are still unable to decide whether an individual’s personality and development are more influenced by genetic factors (nature) or by the environment (nurture).
但我们或是否仍然不能确定个体的个性和发展受到遗传因素(性质),或由环境(培养)。 24、Such as …
. Of course, factors such as loving relationships, good health, the skills to earn a living and a peaceful environment all contribute to our happiness too.
当然,因素如爱的关系、健康、技能谋生,一个和平的环境中都有助于我们的幸福了。 25、before
• A person needs to know who he or she is before being able to know what it is that makes him or her happy.
一个人需要知道他或她是谁才能知道是什麽使他或她快乐 • Schools need to investigate what the whole society requires of the students before they decide what subjects are to be taught / included.
学校需要调查整个社会要求的学生在他们决定教什么科目/包括在内
26、not… but…
• Today, many young couples do not want to take care of their parents when they become old, but send the aged parents to nursing homes, which offer no atmosphere of family at all.
今天,很多年轻夫妇不愿意照顾他们的父母时,他们变老了,但是把年迈的父母去敬老院,没有提供任何氛围的家。
• In conclusion, I do not think that either nature or nurture is the major influence on a person, but that both have powerful effects. 总之,我不认为,要么是天生的还是后天的主要影响因素,对一个人,但那都有极大的影响。 27、so (such) … that …
• They become so crazy to imitate the behavior and appearance of their idols that they neglect their study, work, even their own life. 他们变得如此疯狂的行为和外观模仿他们的偶像,他们忽视了他们的学习、工作,甚至他们自己的生活。
• In general, these crazy fans are so absorbed by the idol star’s appearance that (as to) they ignore the spirit of courage and determination.
一般来说,这些疯狂的粉丝都非常吸收的外形的偶像巨星(以)的精神,他们忽略了勇气和决心。 28、分词短语作状语、定语
• The picture vividly depicts an American girl, wearing a traditional
Chinese costume of a certain minority group, is smiling heartily. 这幅画生动地描绘一个美国女孩,穿着传统的中国服饰的一个特定的少数族群,尽情地微笑。
• The symbolic implication conveyed in the cartoon is that love is most desired where one is in difficulty.
象征意蕴的卡通是传达出爱是最令人向往的地方遇到困难。 29、not only … but also…
• And at the same time, while references are adequate, to study alone is not only possible but it is also helpful to cultivate the ability to solve problems, and further enhance one’s independence. 同时,参考书充足,独自学习不仅是可能的,而且有助于培养解决问题的能力,并进一步加强一个人的性
• This is true not only in China but also in other countries. 这是真实的,不仅在中国,而且在其他国家。 30. …ing 动宾结构作主语
• Participating in social activities proves effective in relieving and comforting nervousness.
参加社会活动证明有效缓解,安慰的紧张。
• Sweating in sports or being absorbed in books are escapes from a tough world to a more satisfactory self-made heaven.
出汗运动或聚精会神地书是一个粗暴的世界逃离到一个更令人满意的自制的天堂
• Furthermore, learning with a group simultaneously cultivates students’ good sense of cooperation, which is usually considered as an essential virtue.
此外,在一个小组中学习同时能够培养学生的良好的合作意识,这通常也被认为是一种基本的美德 31. As (so) long as,
• I am more convinced that technological advancement is highly beneficial to countries so long as they are aware of the disadvantages of such technology.
我更相信技术进步的国家是非常有利的,只要他们意识到这些技术的不足。
• Parents should send their children to private schools as long as the tuition is affordable.
父母应该把子女送入私立学校的学费是只要买得起。
说明现状
• 1. When asked about…, most people believe that…, but other people consider it differently.
当被问及…,大多数人认为…,但是其他的人认为这是不同的。 • 2. When it comes to…, people’s opinions differ. Some hold the opinion that…, while others claim that….
当谈到…,人们的意见不同。一些所持的观点是,…,而另一些人声
称…
• 3. There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the role of …. Some people claim that…, while others believe that…. 并没有一致的意见是在人的作用。…一些人认为…,而另一些人则认为…
• 4. There is a general discussion today about the issue of …. Those who criticize … argue that…. They believe that …. But people who advocate …, on the other hand, argue that….
今天有一个广泛的争论问题。…那些批评认为……。他们相信…。但是那些提倡…,另一方面,认为…。
• 5. Most are of the opinion that…. But I personally believe that…. 大多数的观点是,…。但我个人认为…
• 6. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to realize that…. 现在越来越多的人开始意识到…。
• 7. Now, it is generally acknowledged that…, but I doubt whether….
现在越来越多的人开始意识到…。 图表描述
• In 1990, it increased/decreased from … to …. 在1990年,它增长到……/下降。
• By comparison with 1998, it increased/decreased by … 与1998年相比,它减少了…增加/
• The figure has nearly doubled, compared with that of last year. 这个数字几乎增加了一倍,与去年相比。
• It has increased/decreased almost three times, compared with …. 它增加了近三倍/下降,相比之下,…
• The number is twice as much as that of 1990. 数字的两倍
• It accounts for … percent of the total. …它占总额的
• The number was …, less/more than a half/third/quarter of the 1990 total.
这一数字达到了…,少(超过半/第三/季的1990的总数 列举原因
• The phenomenon / change in … mainly results / arises from the fact that …
这一现象在…/改变主要结果/起因于事实…
• One may regard the phenomenon as a sign of / response to … 你可以把现象的标志/响应…
• There are many causes/reasons for the dramatic growth/decrease. Firstly, … Secondly, … Finally, …
有许多原因/理由迅猛增长/下降。首先,…其次,…最后,… • A number of factors can account for the change in … 许多因素可以说明改变…
• Another contributory factor of … is … 另一个致病因子是…的…
• Why are/do/did …? For one thing, … For another, … Perhaps the primary reason is …
为什么/ /做…吗?首先,…但对另一些人来说,或许其主要原因是……
• … is also responsible for the rise/decrease in … …还负责上升/下降在… 陈述观点
• The advantages of A outweigh any benefit we gain from B. 的优点大于我们获得任何益处B。
• Good as A is, it has its own disadvantages. For one thing, it …; for another, it …
虽然A不错,它有自己的缺点。首先,它…;另一方面,它…
• Although A has enormous/substantial/considerable advantage over B, it cannot compete with B in …
尽管有巨大的/实质性/相当的优势超过B,它不能跟住在… • A’s advantage sounds ridiculous/means nothing when B’s advantage are considered.
听起来可笑的优势当B /毫无意义的优势被考虑。 说明利弊
• Although a lot of people believe that …, I doubt/wonder whether
the argument bears much analysis/close examination.
尽管很多人认为…,我怀疑/不知道这种观念是否结出许多分析/仔细的检查。
• As opposed to widely held ideas, I argue that … 相对于广泛接受的想法,我认为…
• Although the popular belief/idea is that …, a current study/survey indicates that …
尽管流行的观点是…/想法,电流研究和调查报告显示,…
• They may be right about …, but they seem to neglect/fail to mention the fact that …
关于…他们可能是对的,但他们可能忽略/未提及事实上… • Although it widely accepted that …, it is unlikely to be true that … 尽管普遍认为…,但是这不太可能是真的… • It is true that …, but this is not to say that … …它是真实的,但这并不是说…
• There is absolutely no reason for us to accept/resist that … 没有绝对的原因,我们不能接受/抵挡这…
• What these people fail to understand/consider/mention is that … 这些人不明白/认为/提及的是,…
• You may say that … It probably will. But… 你会说…它可能会。但是…
• It is one thing to believe that …, but it is quite another to say
that …
这是一件事…相信,但它就是另一回事了说… 举例论证
• Numerous examples can be given, but this/these will suffice. 无数的例子可以给出,但这/这些就够了
• I can think of no better illustration than the following one(s). 我想没有比这更好的说明比以下(s)。 • This case effectively clarify the fact that … 这种情况下有效地澄清事实… • This story tells that … 这个故事讲述的是… 归纳结论
• From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that …
通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论…
• All the evidence supports an unshakable conclusion that … 所有的证据支持一种不可动摇的结论…
• It is high time that we placed great emphasis on … 现在正是时候,我们把重视…
• It is high time that we put an end to the undesirable phenomenon of …
现在正是时候,我们结束了不良的现象…
• There is no denying that further attention must be paid to the problem of …
无可否认,进一步应注意的问题… 建议措施
• It is necessary that effective actions should be taken to prevent the situation.
这是必要的,应采取有效的措施来防止这种情况。
• Hence, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures/steps. 因此,我们急需采取严厉措施/步骤。
• We should appeal to the authorities to make strict laws to control this problem.
我们要呼吁当局制定严格的法律来控制这个问题。
• We should enhance/cultivate the awareness of people that this issue is vital for us.
我们应该提高/培养人们的意识:这个问题对我们是至关重要的。 • Only in this way can we solve the problem. 只有用这种方式我们才能解决这个问题。
• I believe we humans can overcome this difficulty and we will have a brighter future.
我相信我们人类能够克服这个困难,我们将有一个美好的未来。
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