《中国互联网发展报告》(2002)

《中国互联网发展报告》（2002）

总目录

第一编 概 况

第1章 互联网的发展 ································································································ 3 1.1 世界互联网早期发展简介 ··················································································· 3 1.2 互联网在中国的早期发展简介 ············································································ 5 第2章 中国互联网当前的特点 ················································································ 8 第3章 中国互联网络发展状况统计报告（2003年1月）···································· 15 3.1 调查背景 ············································································································ 15 3.2 调查内容 ············································································································ 15 3.3 概念说明 ············································································································ 16 3.4 调查结果 ············································································································ 16 3.4.1 中国互联网络发展的宏观概况 ················ 16 3.4.2 网民状况调查结果 ····················· 21 3.5 中国互联网络发展状况分析报告 ······································································ 33 3.5.1 内容摘要 ························· 34 3.5.2 中国互联网络宏观状况 ··················· 35 3.5.3 网民特征结构 ······················· 44 3.5.4 网民上网行为习惯 ····················· 54 3.5.5 非网民状况 ························ 59 3.5.6 华东、西北地区网民状况对比 ················ 63 3.5.7 2003年网民状况预测 ···················· 70

第二编 互联网基础设施与资源建设状况

第4章 互联网络基础设施建设状况 ······································································· 75 4.1 概况 ··················································································································· 75 4.2 互联网骨干网络建设状况 ················································································· 76 4.2.1 骨干网络建设概况 ····················· 76 4.2.2 中国电信集团骨干网络建设状况 ··············· 77 4.2.3 中国网通集团骨干网络建设状况 ··············· 79 4.2.4 中国联通骨干网络建设状况 ················· 83 4.2.5 中国教育和科研计算机网骨干网络建设状况 ·········· 85 4.2.6 中国科技网骨干网络建设状况 ················ 86 4.3 宽带接入网建设情况 ························································································· 87

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中国互联网发展报告（2002）

4.4 互联网络带宽发展状况 ····················································································· 90 4.4.1 国际出口带宽 ······················· 90 4.4.2 中国国内带宽分布状况 ··················· 93 4.5 互联网交换中心设施建设状况 ·········································································· 99 4.5.1 互联网交换中心概述 ···················· 99 4.5.2 中国互联网交换中心的建设状况 ··············· 102 4.5.3 中国互联网交换中心的功能和服务业务状况 ·········· 103 4.5.4 中国互联网交换中心的管理和运行现状 ············ 103 4.5.5 中国互联网交换中心服务发展趋势 ·············· 107 4.5.6 国外互联网交换中心状况 ·················· 107 4.5.7 亚太互联网交换中心建设进展 ················ 109 4.6 IDC建设与服务状况 ························································································ 110 4.6.1 IDC概念与发展背景 ···················· 110 4.6.2 IDC在国外及港澳台地区的发展概况 ············· 111 4.6.3 IDC的主要业务范围与服务特色 ··············· 111 4.6.4 IDC在中国的发展现状、规模及业务分布 ··········· 112 4.6.5 IDC与ASP的融合 ····················· 113 4.6.6 中国IDC建设和服务的制约因素 ··············· 114 4.6.7 中国IDC的发展趋势、发展规划及建议 ············ 117 4.7 互联网上网服务营业场所发展状况 ················ 119 第5章 互联网网络设备和产品发展状况 ······························································ 125 5.1 网络设备的生产能力及技术水平状况 ····························································· 125 5.1.1 综述 ··························· 125 5.1.2 路由器市场 ························ 125 5.1.3 交换机市场 ························ 129 5.1.4 服务器市场 ························ 131 5.1.5 结论 ··························· 136 5.2 网络终端产品的生产能力及技术水平状况 ······················································ 136 5.2.1 PC产品 ·························· 136 5.2.2 手机产品 ························· 142 5.2.3 PDA ··························· 148 5.2.4 多媒体移动终端市场启动，PDA和手机的融合 ········· 152 5.3 具有自主知识产权的软件开发及应用情况 ······················································ 154 5.3.1 互联网构建类软件的开发及应用情况 ············· 155 5.3.2 互联网维护类软件的开发及应用情况 ············· 155 5.3.3 互联网应用类软件的开发及应用情况 ············· 159 第6章 互联网资源建设发展状况·········································································· 165 6.1 互联网域名和网站 ···························································································· 165 6.1.1 域名总数 ························· 165

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目 录

6.1.2 网站总数 ························· 167 6.1.3 东西部域名、网站状况 ··················· 170 6.2 IP地址和AS号码资源分配状况 ····································································· 171 6.2.1 互联网络资源及其管理机制介绍 ··············· 171 6.2.2 中国内地IP地址和AS号码资源分配现状 ··········· 173 6.2.3 IPv6的发展现状 ······················ 175 6.3 中国互联网络信息资源数量调查报告（2001年） ········································· 176 6.3.1 网站状况分析 ······················· 176 6.3.2 网页数 ·························· 184 6.3.3 中国在线数据库发展状况 ·················· 185 6.3.4 指标解释 ························· 188

第三编 互联网服务发展状况

第7章 互联网接入服务发展状况·········································································· 193 7.1 概述 ·················································································································· 193 7.2 拨号接入 ··········································································································· 193 7.2.1 拨号接入的特点 ······················ 193 7.2.2 拨号接入所需的设备 ···················· 194 7.2.3 操作过程 ························· 194 7.2.4 中国主要的拨号接入服务提供商及业务提供方式 ········ 194 7.2.5 中国拨号接入的用户数 ··················· 195 7.3 DDN专线接入 ·································································································· 195 7.3.1 DDN网络的结构与特点 ··················· 195 7.3.2 DDN的网络现状 ······················ 197 7.3.3 DDN网络的应用 ······················ 198 7.3.4 DDN网络的发展方向 ···················· 198 7.4 ISDN接入 ········································································································· 199 7.4.1 ISDN的特点 ························ 199 7.4.2 ISDN用户分析 ······················· 200 7.4.3 ISDN的终端设备 ······················ 200 7.4.4 ISDN的业务应用领域 ···················· 201 7.4.5 ISDN的发展前景 ······················ 201 7.5 ADSL接入 ········································································································ 202 7.5.1 DSL的种类及特点 ····················· 202 7.5.2 ADSL的发展状况 ······················ 204 7.5.3 ADSL的接入方式 ······················ 206 7.5.4 ADSL的发展前景 ······················ 207 7.6 无线固定宽带LMDS接入 ··············································································· 207 7.6.1 LMDS的优点与不足 ···················· 207

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中国互联网发展报告（2002）

7.6.2 中国LMDS的主要业务范围和服务对象 ············ 208 7.6.3 中国LMDS系统的频率规划管理政策措施 ··········· 209 7.6.4 中国LMDS的应用状况及发展趋势 ·············· 210 第8章 移动互联发展状况 ····················································································· 212 8.1 国外移动互联发展概述 ···················································································· 212 8.1.1 日本 ··························· 212 8.1.2 韩国 ··························· 213 8.1.3 美国 ··························· 213 8.1.4 欧洲各国 ························· 214 8.2 中国移动互联发展的最新成就与基本状况 ······················································ 214 8.2.1 中国移动互联网2.5G分析 ·················· 214 8.2.2 中国移动互联网3G演进分析 ················· 215 8.2.3 中国移动互联网的发展趋势 ················· 216 8.3 移动商务发展状况 ···························································································· 218 8.4 移动互联的市场构成 ························································································ 220 8.5 移动互联的技术水平状况 ················································································ 222 8.5.1 Mobile IP/Cellular IP ····················· 222 8.5.2 IP电话 ·························· 223 8.5.3 CDMA ·························· 224 8.5.4 SMS/MMS ························· 224 8.5.5 WAP ··························· 224 8.5.6 WLAN ·························· 225 8.6 移动互联发展的广阔前景 ················································································ 226 第9章 有线电视网络发展状况 ············································································· 228 9.1 中国有线电视网发展历程 ················································································ 228 9.1.1 共用天线电视系统的发展阶段 ················ 228 9.1.2 有线电视系统发展阶段 ··················· 229 9.1.3 有线电视高速发展阶段 ··················· 229 9.1.4 有线电视的产业化运营阶段 ················· 230 9.2 中国有线电视规模 ···························································································· 230 9.2.1 有线电视网的用户数 ···················· 230 9.2.2 有线电视网传输线路的里程 ················· 231 9.2.3 有线电视网上的节目套数 ·················· 231 9.3 中国有线电视网络特点 ···················································································· 232 9.3.1 管理体制 ························· 232 9.3.2 网络业务 ························· 232 9.3.3 技术平台 ························· 233 9.3.4 入户带宽 ························· 234 9.4 有线电视网络产业化改造 ················································································ 234

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目 录

9.5 有线电视网络在中国信息化发展中的作用 ······················································ 235 9.5.1 有线网络是国家重要信息化基础设施之一 ··········· 235 9.5.2 有线电视网在互联网宽带接入方式中占有优势 ········· 236 第10章 卫星互联网发展状况 ··············································································· 237 10.1 互联网与卫星通信网的优势互补 ··································································· 237 10.2 卫星互联网简介······························································································ 237 10.3 VSAT系统与互联网接入的几种方式 ···························································· 238 10.4 卫星互联网的独特优势 ·················································································· 239 10.5 国内外卫星互联网市场的发展动态 ······························································· 240 第11章 网络增值服务状况 ··················································································· 243 11.1 电子邮件服务发展状况 ·················································································· 243 11.1.1 电子邮件的产生 ······················ 243 11.1.2 电子邮件系统的形式与特点 ················· 243 11.1.3 电子邮件的使用状况 ···················· 244 11.1.4 电子邮件的收费模式 ···················· 244 11.1.5 电子邮件存在的问题 ···················· 245 11.1.6 电子邮件的市场分析 ···················· 245 11.1.7 电子邮件的发展趋势 ···················· 246 11.2 短消息服务发展状况 ······················································································ 246 11.2.1 中国短消息服务的现状 ··················· 246 11.2.2 网站与电信企业的合作 ··················· 247 11.2.3 网站与电信企业合作经营短消息业务的成功范例 ········ 248 11.2.4 短消息的发送机制 ····················· 248 11.2.5 短消息管理机制及制度规范 ················· 248 11.2.6 短消息的发展趋势 ····················· 249 11.3 网络广告发展状况 ·························································································· 249 11.3.1 两个市场的集中 ······················ 250 11.3.2 网络广告形式的演变 ···················· 253 11.3.3 网络广告的创作 ······················ 255 11.3.4 盈利需求迫切，非广告收入上升 ··············· 257 11.3.5 网络广告特征的淡化 ···················· 257 11.4 互联网信息查询服务状况 ·············································································· 259 11.4.1 互联网信息查询服务分类 ·················· 259 11.4.2 互联网搜索引擎服务的商业模式 ··············· 260 11.4.3 国内主要搜索引擎简介 ··················· 260

第四编 互联网应用状况

第12章 城市信息化发展状况 ··············································································· 265 12.1 城市信息化及其发展历程 ·············································································· 265

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中国互联网发展报告（2002）

12.1.1 大力推进城市信息化是提高城市竞争力的必然选择 ······· 265 12.1.2 城市信息化的历史发展与工作回顾 ·············· 265 12.2 城市信息化发展水平现状 ·············································································· 267 12.2.1 城市信息化发展水平的测评指标 ··············· 267 12.2.2 北京市与上海、深圳两市主要指标的比较 ··········· 268 12.2.3 当前城市信息化存在的问题 ················· 269 12.3 城市信息化建设的原则和思路 ······································································· 269 12.3.1 推进城市信息化建设的原则 ················· 269 12.3.2 当前重点发展思路 ····················· 270 第13章 电子政务发展状况 ··················································································· 272 13.1 电子政务建设的背景 ······················································································ 272 13.1.1 电子政务建设已成为全球性发展趋势 ············· 272 13.1.2 电子政务是中国应对加入WTO挑战的重要举措 ········ 272 13.1.3 党中央、国务院对中国电子政务建设高度重视 ········· 272 13.2 现状与差距 ····································································································· 273 13.2.1 发展进程 ························· 273 13.2.2 现状 ··························· 273 13.2.3 当前推进的主要工作 ···················· 275 13.2.4 存在的主要问题 ······················ 277 13.3 电子政务发展趋势 ·························································································· 278 13.3.1 电子政务建设是中国信息化建设的重要组成部分 ········ 278 13.3.2 电子政务建设是促进政府职能转变、依法行政、提高行政

效率和为民服务的紧迫需要 ················· 278

13.3.3 电子政务建设必须充分利用现有资源加以整合 ········· 278 13.3.4 电子政务建设必须以需求驱动为主要原则 ··········· 279 13.3.5 信息资源开发和建设是电子政务建设的主要任务 ········ 279 13.3.6 加快信息资源管理法制化进程、建立统一的标准和规范 ····· 281 13.3.7 积极推进电子政务项目管理和协调模式的探索 ········· 281 13.4 中国电子口岸系统发展及应用状况 ······························································· 282 13.4.1 电子口岸及其历史沿革 ··················· 282 13.4.2 电子口岸系统的接入 ···················· 282 13.4.3 电子口岸系统的主要业务功能 ················ 283 13.4.4 电子口岸的运行管理体制 ·················· 283 13.4.5 电子口岸系统的应用状况 ·················· 284 第14章 网络媒体发展现状 ··················································································· 286 14.1 网络媒体的产生与发展 ·················································································· 286 14.2 网络媒体的发展规模和传播体系 ··································································· 287 14.3 重点新闻网站建设状况 ·················································································· 292 14.3.1 重点新闻网站的影响力和特点 ················ 292

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目 录

14.3.2 重点新闻网站基础设施及队伍建设 ·············· 295 14.4 网络媒体的依法管理 ······················································································ 296 第15章 企业上网发展状况 ··················································································· 298 15.1 企业内部网（Intranet）建设与应用 ······························································· 298 15.2 互联网接入与应用 ·························································································· 302 15.3 企业外部网（Extranet）建设与应用 ······························································ 305 第16章 电子商务发展状况 ··················································································· 309 16.1 电子商务及其在国外的发展概况 ··································································· 309 16.1.1 关于电子商务的定义 ···················· 309 16.1.2 电子商务类型 ······················· 309 16.1.3 电子商务在国外的发展 ··················· 310 16.2 电子商务在中国的发展状况 ·········································································· 311 16.3 电子商务发展的制约因素 ·············································································· 314 第17章 网上银行及其发展状况 ··········································································· 316 17.1 网上银行及其在国外的发展概况 ··································································· 316 17.1.1 网上银行基本概念 ····················· 316 17.1.2 国外网上银行发展概况 ··················· 317 17.2 国内网上银行发展现状 ·················································································· 318 17.3 网上银行业务制度与安全管理 ······································································· 319 17.3.1 网上银行业务制度 ····················· 319 17.3.2 金融CA的发展与建设 ··················· 319 第18章 网上证券及其发展状况 ··········································································· 322 18.1 网上证券交易发展进程 ·················································································· 322 18.1.1 证券委托交易业务 ····················· 322 18.1.2 国外网上交易发展概况 ··················· 322 18.1.3 中国网上交易发展概况 ··················· 323 18.1.4 网上证券交易成功发展的基本经验 ·············· 324 18.1.5 网上证券交易模式 ····················· 325 18.2 网上证券交易的优势 ······················································································ 327 18.3 网上证券交易管理 ·························································································· 329 18.4 网上证券交易发展存在的差距 ······································································· 331 18.5 网上证券前景分析 ·························································································· 333 第19章 数字图书馆发展状况 ··············································································· 335 19.1 数子图书馆总体发展状况 ·············································································· 335 19.1.1 数字图书馆及其意义 ···················· 335 19.1.2 国外数字图书馆发展成果及管理经验 ············· 335 19.2 中国数字图书馆建设状况 ·············································································· 337 19.2.1 中国数字图书馆发展的总体状况 ··············· 337 19.2.2 国家数字图书馆工程建设状况 ················ 338

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中国互联网发展报告（2002）

19.2.3 其他数字图书馆建设项目 ·················· 339 19.3 数字图书馆应用系统所需的关键技术与解决方案 ········································ 341 19.3.1 数字图书馆系统体系结构 ·················· 341 19.3.2 数字资源加工编辑相关技术 ················· 342 19.3.3 数字图书馆应用平台和资源管理 ··············· 343 19.3.4 数字图书馆用户服务相关技术 ················ 343 19.3.5 数字图书馆的标准规范 ··················· 343 19.4 数字图书馆应用及产业化 ·············································································· 344 19.4.1 数字图书馆的推广应用及产业化 ··············· 344 19.4.2 数字图书馆与知识产权问题 ················· 345 19.4.3 数字图书馆的发展前景 ··················· 345 第20章 互联网在学术界中的应用 ········································································ 347 20.1 背景介绍 ········································································································· 347 20.2 用户群的分析 ································································································· 348 20.3 用户利用互联网资源的现状分析 ··································································· 350 20.4 用户使用互联网的信息查询行为 ··································································· 353 20.5 学术界用户对互联网资源的评价 ··································································· 357 第21章 网络教育发展状况 ··················································································· 362 21.1 国外网络教育概况 ·························································································· 362 21.2 网络教育在中国的发展状况 ·········································································· 365 21.3 网络教育运作模式 ·························································································· 369 21.4 网络教育发展的制约因素、解决对策与前景展望 ········································ 372 第22章 家庭上网发展状况 ··················································································· 376 第23章 网络游戏服务发展状况 ··········································································· 381 23.1 网络游戏概述 ································································································· 381 23.2 国内网络游戏产业现状 ·················································································· 385 23.3 网络游戏赢利模式研究 ·················································································· 388 23.4 国内游戏产业的机遇与挑战 ········································································· 391 第24章 网上音乐、视频服务发展状况 ································································ 394 24.1 网上音乐、视频服务及其在国外的发展概况 ················································ 394 24.2 网上音乐、视频服务在中国的发展现状 ······················································· 396 24.3 网上音乐、视频服务软硬件环境需求 ··························································· 399 24.3.1 软件条件 ························· 399 24.3.2 硬件环境 ························· 401 24.4 网上音乐、视频服务发展趋势预测 ······························································· 401

第五编 互联网网络与信息安全状况

第25章 互联网网络与信息安全概况 ···································································· 405 25.1 计算机网络与信息安全的涵义 ······································································· 406

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目 录

25.2 国外计算机网络与信息安全发展趋势 ··························································· 408 25.3 中国计算机网络与信息安全现状及其分析 ···················································· 412 25.4 计算机网络与信息安全存在的主要问题及成因 ············································ 414 25.5 计算机网络与信息安全设施主要类型及发展过程 ········································ 416 第26章 网上证券交易的安全状况 ········································································ 418 26.1 网上证券交易概述 ·························································································· 418 26.2 网上证券交易的安全需求 ·············································································· 419 26.3 网上证券交易的安全状况 ·············································································· 421 26.4 发展趋势 ········································································································· 422 第27章 互联网网络与信息安全技术发展状况 ····················································· 423 27.1 计算机网络安全技术发展状况 ······································································· 423 27.1.1 计算机网络安全涉及到的技术问题 ·············· 423 27.1.2 安全评估技术 ······················· 423 27.1.3 防火墙技术 ························ 426 27.1.4 IDS技术 ························· 428 27.1.5 应急处理技术 ······················· 434 27.1.6 备份冗灾与恢复技术 ···················· 437 27.1.7 网络攻防技术 ······················· 438 27.1.8 黑客技术 ························· 440 27.1.9 网络安全技术发展趋势 ··················· 443 27.2 网络信息数据安全技术状况 ·········································································· 446 27.2.1 私钥、公钥加密技术 ···················· 446 27.2.2 KMI/PKI技术 ······················· 450 27.2.3 VPN技术 ························· 452 27.2.4 非数学的密码技术 ····················· 454 27.3 公钥基础设施事业发展概况 ·········································································· 455 27.3.1 国家重视PKI事业 ····················· 456 27.3.2 PKI应用进一步发展 ···················· 459 27.3.3 国际交流活动 ······················· 461 27.3.4 存在的问题与对策 ····················· 461 27.4 反垃圾邮件状况······························································································ 462 第28章 网络文明建设状况 ··················································································· 465 28.1 网络文明的范畴······························································································ 465 28.2 网络消极影响之现状和网络文明建设的必要性 ············································ 465 28.3 中国网络文明建设现状及最新进展 ······························································· 466 28.4 中国网络文化的发展策略及规划 ··································································· 469 第29章 信息网络违法犯罪现状及打击对策 ························································ 471

第六编 互联网新技术发展状况

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中国互联网发展报告（2002）

第30章 下一代互联网技术开发及应用状况 ························································ 477 30.1 下一代互联网的特征 ······················································································ 477 30.2 美国NGI、Internet2的简介 ··········································································· 477 30.3 下一代互联网的关键技术、协议 ··································································· 479 30.4 中国下一代互联网的研究与进展 ··································································· 483 第31章 无线网络技术发展及应用状况 ································································ 485 第32章 移动互联网终端技术发展状况 ································································ 496 32.1 移动终端技术的发展概况 ·············································································· 497 32.2 移动终端技术的构成与特点 ·········································································· 499 32.3 移动终端产品现状与发展 ·············································································· 504 32.4 移动终端技术的应用领域与发展趋势 ··························································· 506 第33章 互联网资源标识与寻址技术的研究、实现及应用状况 ·························· 508 33.1 中文域名的现状及发展趋势 ·········································································· 508 33.2 关键词技术的现状及发展趋势 ······································································· 513 33.3 ENUM技术的现状及发展趋势 ······································································ 516 第34章 网格——未来的互联网应用 ···································································· 521 34.1 网格的技术特征和业务益处 ·········································································· 521 34.2 网格是下一代互联网应用 ·············································································· 523 34.3 网格是不是分布式系统 ·················································································· 525 34.4 网格是一种中间件，还是一种操作系统 ······················································· 525 34.5 网格计算机 ····································································································· 527 34.6 国外网格研究的不足 ······················································································ 529 34.7 中科院计算所在网格研究方面已开展的工作 ················································ 530 第35章 IPv6技术开发及应用状况 ······································································· 532 35.1 IPv4到IPv6过渡技术综述 ············································································ 532 35.2 中国IPv6研究现状 ························································································ 535 35.3 应用IPv6的关键技术研究 ············································································· 537 35.4 IPv6的应用 ····································································································· 540

第七编 附 录

附录A 中国互联网发展大事记（1986～2002年底） ·········································· 547 附录B 中国有关互联网的政策法规（截至2003年2月） ·································· 559 B.1 法律 ·················································································································· 559 B.1.1 全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于维护互联网安全的决定 ···· 559 B.1.2 《刑法》关于计算机犯罪的规定（摘录） ··········· 560 B.2 行政法规 ·········································································································· 561 B.2.1 中华人民共和国计算机信息网络国际联网管理暂行规定 ····· 561 B.2.2 中华人民共和国电信条例（节选） ·············· 562 B.2.3 互联网信息服务管理办法 ·················· 565

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目 录

B.2.4 外商投资电信企业管理规定 ················· 568 B.2.5 互联网上网服务营业场所管理条例 ·············· 571 B.2.6 《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十个五年计划纲要》

摘选 ··························· 576

B.3 司法解释 ·········································································································· 577 B.3.1 最高人民法院关于审理涉及计算机网络著作权纠纷案件适用

法律若干问题的解释 ···················· 577

B.3.2 最高人民法院关于审理涉及计算机网络域名民事纠纷案件适

用法律若干问题的解释 ··················· 578

B.4 行政规章 ·········································································································· 579 B.4.1 电信建设管理办法 ····················· 579 B.4.2 建立卫星通信网和设置使用地球站管理规定 ·········· 585 B.4.3 国际通信出入口局管理办法 ················· 591 B.4.4 国际通信设施建设管理规定 ················· 595 B.4.5 中国互联网络域名管理办法 ················· 598 B.4.6 电信业务经营许可证管理办法 ················ 601 B.4.7 电信网间互联争议处理办法 ················· 608 B.4.8 互联网骨干网间互联服务暂行规定 ·············· 610 B.4.9 互联网骨干网间互联管理暂行规定 ·············· 613 B.4.10 公用电信网间互联管理规定 ················· 617 B.4.11 互联网电子公告服务管理规定 ················ 623 B.4.12 关于进一步做好互联网信息服务电子公告服务审批管理

工作的通知 ························ 625

B.4.13 计算机信息网络国际联网出入口信道管理办法 ········· 628 B.4.14 中国公用计算机互联网国际联网管理办法 ··········· 629 B.4.15 《计算机信息网络国际联网管理暂行规定》实施办法 ······ 630 B.4.16 计算机信息系统国际联网保密管理规定 ············ 633 B.4.17 计算机病毒防治管理办法 ·················· 635 B.4.18 计算机信息网络国际联网安全保护管理办法 ·········· 637 B.4.19 互联网站从事登载新闻业务管理暂行规定 ··········· 640 B.4.20 互联网出版管理暂行规定 ·················· 642 B.4.21 互联网等信息网络传播视听节目管理办法 ··········· 645 B.4.22 网上银行业务管理暂行办法 ················· 648 B.4.23 网上证券委托暂行管理办法 ················· 651 B.4.24 互联网医疗卫生信息服务管理办法 ·············· 654 B.4.25 互联网药品信息服务管理暂行规定 ·············· 656 B.4.26 教育网站和网校暂行管理办法 ················ 658 B.4.27 “政府财政管理信息系统”网络建设管理暂行办法 ······· 660 B.4.28 文化部关于加强网络文化市场管理的通知 ··········· 661

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中国互联网发展报告（2002）

B.5 域名管理规范性文件 ······················································································· 663 B.5.1 关于授权中国互联网络信息中心行使域名注册管理机构

职责的通知 ························ 663

B.5.2 关于互联网中文域名管理的通告 ··············· 664 B.5.3 中华人民共和国信息产业部关于中国互联网络域名体系的公告 ·· 665 B.5.4 中国互联网络信息中心域名注册实施细则 ··········· 666 B.5.5 中国互联网络信息中心域名争议解决办法 ··········· 667 B.5.6 中国互联网络信息中心域名争议解决办法程序规则 ······· 669 B.6 自律性规范 ······································································································ 677 B.6.1 中国互联网行业自律公约 ·················· 677 B.6.2 中国互联网协会反垃圾邮件规范 ··············· 679 B.6.3 中国新闻界网络媒体公约 ·················· 680 B.6.4 全国青少年网络文明公约 ·················· 681 附录C 互联网应用部分案例 ················································································· 682 C.1 中国电信“互联星空”计划 ············································································ 682 C.1.1 互联星空计划背景 ····················· 682 C.1.2 互联星空计划内涵 ····················· 683 C.1.3 中国电信在互联星空产业链中的定位 ············· 683 C.1.4 互联星空计划目标 ····················· 683 C.1.5 互联星空面向用户提供的业务 ················ 683 C.1.6 互联星空商业合作模式 ··················· 684 C.1.7 互联星空平台介绍 ····················· 685 C.1.8 互联星空前景广阔 ····················· 686 C.2 中国航信网上酒店分销系统 ············································································ 686 C.2.1 Easybooking系统产品的主要特点 ··············· 686 C.2.2 Easybooking系统产品的网络拓扑 ··············· 687 C.2.3 主要功能模块 ······················· 687 C.3 中国航信标准版ASP ······················································································· 688 C.3.1 标准版ASP网站的技术特点 ················· 689 C.3.2 标准版ASP的特色服务 ··················· 689 C.4 百度中文搜索引擎 ··························································································· 690 附录D 国际互联网相关组织 ················································································· 693 D.1 互联网技术标准组织 ······················································································· 693 D.1.1 互联网架构委员会（Internet Architecture Board－IAB） ······ 693 D.1.2 互联网工程任务组（The Internet Engineering Task Force－IETF）·· 694 D.1.3 互联网研究任务组（The Internet Research Task Force－IRTF） ··· 694 D.1.4 RFC编辑者（Request for Comments－RFC） ·········· 695 D.1.5 万维网联盟（World Wide Web Consortium－W3C） ······· 695 D.2 互联网域名与地址资源分配管理机构 ···························································· 696

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目 录

D.3 其他对互联网体制有重要影响的组织 ···························································· 697 D.3.1 互联网协会（Internet Society－ISOC） ············· 697 D.3.2 美国商务部（Department of Commerce－DOC） ········· 698 D.3.3 国际电信联盟（International Telecommunication Union－ITU） ··· 698 附录E 中国香港地区互联网络发展状况统计报告 ··············································· 700 E.1 概念说明 ·········································································································· 700 E.2 调查结果 ·········································································································· 700 E.2.1 香港互联网络发展的宏观概况 ················ 700 E.2.2 网民行为意识调查结果 ··················· 701 E.2.3 香港非网民概况 ······················ 707 E.2.4 网民与非网民对互联网的看法 ················ 708 附录F 中国台湾地区互联网络发展状况统计报告 ················································ 710 F.1 调查说明 ··········································································································· 710 F.2 调查结果 ··········································································································· 710 F.2.1 台湾地区网民数 ······················ 710 F.2.2 互联网用户个人信息 ···················· 710 F.2.3 用户使用网络情况 ····················· 712 F.2.4 上网与没有上网的原因比较 ················· 713 F.2.5 调查小结 ························· 714 附录G 中国澳门地区互联网发展状况报告（2003） ··········································· 716 G.1 前言 ·················································································································· 716 G.2 澳门互联网发展简述 ······················································································· 716 G.2.1 起源 ··························· 716 G.2.2 普及 ··························· 716 G.2.3 注册用户 ························· 717 G.2.4 家庭上网计算机数 ····················· 717 G.2.5 政策与法规 ························ 718 G.3 澳门居民互联网使用调查 ················································································ 718 G.3.1 定义 ··························· 718 G.3.2 调查方法 ························· 718 G.3.3 加权与数据预处理 ····················· 719 G.3.4 调查结果 ························· 719 G.4 总结 ·················································································································· 726 编后记 ······················································································································· 727

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