软件工程导论期末试题A(带答案)

（2014~2015学年第1学期）

课程号： 311078040

课程名称： 软件工程导论（A卷）任课教师： 洪玫,刘东权,李旭伟等

学号：

姓名：

适用专业年级： 软件工程 2013级

考试须知 四川大学学生参加由学校组织或由学校承办的各级，必须严格执行《四川大学考试工作管理办法》和《四川大学考场规则》。有考试违纪作弊行为的，一律按照《四川大学学生考试违纪作弊处罚条例》进行处理。 四川大学各级的监考人员，必须严格执行《四川大学考试工作管理办法》、《四川大学考场规则》和《四川大学监考人员职责》。有违反学校有关规定的，严格按照《四川大学教学事故认定及处理办法》进行处理。 题 号 得 分 阅卷时间 一(20%) 二(10%) 三(15%) 四(20%) 五(35%) 六(0%) 七(0%) 八(0%) 卷面成绩 注意事项：1. 请务必将本人所在学院、姓名、学号、任课教师姓名等信息准确填写在试题纸和添卷纸上； 2. 请将答案全部填写在本试题纸上；

3. 考试结束，请将试题纸、添卷纸和草稿纸一并交给监考老师。

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一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）

提示：在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在下表中。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1 D 11 D 2 D 12 D 3 C 13 A 4 B 14 B 5 B 15 D 6 B 16 B 7 C 17 B 8 A 18 A 9 D 19 C 10 A 20 B 1. Software is the collection of ( ).

(A) Programs (B) Data

(C) Documents (D) All of above

2．Which of the items listed below is not one of the software engineering layers? ( )

(A) Process (B) Methods (C) Tools

(D) Manufacturing

3．The prototyping model of software development is ( ).

(A) A reasonable approach when requirements are well defined.

(B) The best approach to use for projects with large development teams. (C) A useful approach when a customer cannot define requirements clearly.

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(D) A risky model that rarely produces a meaningful product.

4. The linear sequential model of software development is also known as the ( ).

(A) Prototyping model (B) Waterfall model (C) Fountain model (D) Spiral model

5．Which one of the following phases is not one of the phase names defined by the Unified Process model for software development? ( )

(A) Inception phase (B) Validation phase (C) Elaboration phase (D) Construction phase

6. The spiral model of software development ( )

(A) Ends with the delivery of the software product

(B) Includes project risks evaluation during each iteration (C) Is more chaotic than the incremental model (D) All of the above

7. The Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) is used to measure ( )

(A) the quality of the product

(B) quality in the context of the business environment (C) the quality of the process (D) none of the above

8. Analysis models depict software in which three representations? ( )

(A) information, function, behavior (B) architecture, interface, component (C) cost, risk, schedule (D) None of the above

9. Software engineers collaborate with customers to define which of the following? ( )

(A) Customer visible usage scenarios (B) Important software features (C) System inputs and outputs (D) All of the above

10. Views are “slices”of architecture. Which view focuses on structural issues? ( )

(A) Logical (B) Use-case (C) Process

(D) Implementation

11. The Data Flow Diagram(DFD) ( ).

(A) depicts relationships between data objects

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(B) depicts functions that transform the data flow

(C) indicates how data are transformed by the system (D) both b and c

12. The entity relationship diagram ( )

(A) depicts functions that transform the data flow (B) depicts relationships between data objects

(C) indicates how data are transformed by the system (D) indicates system reactions to external events

13. Which one of the following items is not an element of a class definition? ( )

(A) Class responsibilities (B) Class attribution (C) Class name (D) Class operations

14. The importance of software design can be summarized in a single word: ( )

(A) accuracy (B) quality (C) complexity (D) efficiency

15. Polymorphism can be described as? ( )

(A) Inheritance (B) Information

(C) Placing Generalization

(D) one interface encapsulates different implementations

16. Which one of the following is not an area of concern in the design model? ( )

(A) architecture (B) project scope (C) data

(D) interfaces

17. In component design, elaboration does not require which of the following elements to be described in detail? ( ) (A) Attributes (B) Source code (C) Interfaces (D) Operations

18. What is the normal order of activities in which traditional software testing is organized? ( )

(A) unit testing, integration testing, validation testing, system testing (B) integration testing, unit testing, system testing, validation testing (C) validation testing, unit testing, integration testing, system testing (D) system testing, validation testing, integration testing, unit testing

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19. Which of the following tests is a system test that forces the software to fail in a variety of ways and verifies that software is able to continue execution without interruption? ( )

(A) security testing (B) performance testing (C) recovery testing (D) stress testing

20. The testing technique that requires devising test cases to demonstrate that each program function is operational is called? ( )

(A) glass-box testing (B) black-box testing (C) grey-box testing (D) white-box testing

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二、名词解释题（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）。

提示：解释每小题所给名词的含义，若解释正确则给分，若解释错误则无分，若解释不准确或不全面，则酌情扣分。

1．Software Engineering

Software Engineer: (1) The application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software; that is, the application of engineering to software. (1分)(2) The study of approaches as in (1). (1分) [IEEE]

2．The Waterfall Model

The waterfall model, sometimes called the classic life cycle, suggests a systematic, sequential approach(1分) to software development that begins with customer specification of requirements and progresses through planning, modeling, construction, and deployment, culminating in going support of the completed software(1分).

3. Component

A component is a modular building block for computer software. More formally, the OMG Unified Modeling Language Specification defines a component as “…a modular, deployable, and replaceable part of a system(1分) that encapsulates implementation and exposes a set of interfaces(1分).”

4. Information hiding

Modules only share information with each other on a “need to know” (1分) basis to achieve some specific software function. Hiding enforces the procedural constraints to both the module procedural detail and any data structures local to the module(1分).

5. Software testing

Software testing is the process (1分)of exercising a program with the specific intent of finding errors(1分) prior to delivery to the end user.

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三、简答题（本大题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分）。

1．Describe the characteristics of software that are considerably different than those of hardware. Answer: Software is developed, not manufactured.(2分) Software does not wear out. (1分) Most software is custom built, not assembled out of components. (2分) 2．Describe the five framework activities involved in the software process.

Answer: Communication, (1分) planning, (1分) modeling, (1分) construction, (1分) deployment(1分)

3. Describe the differences between black-box testing and white-box testing.

Answer: Black-box testing involves testing the functionality of a software component without knowing the details of its internal logic.(3分) White-box testing involves testing the independent logic paths with full implementation knowledge.(2分)

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四、问答题（本大题共2小题，每题10分，共20分）。

1. What are the fundamental differences between the Structured Analysis(SA) and Object-Oriented Analysis(OOA) strategies for requirements analysis? （共10分）

One view of requirements modeling, called structured analysis, considers data and the processes that transform the data as separate entities.(2分) Data objects are modeled in a way that defines their attributes and relationships. (1分)Processes that manipulate data objects are modeled in a manner that shows how they transform data as data objects flow through the system. (2分)

A second approach to analysis modeling, called object-oriented analysis, focuses on the definition of classes and the manner in which they collaborate with one another to effect customer requirements. UML and the Unified Process are predominantly object oriented. (5分)

需求建模一种观点认为，所谓的结构化分析，认为数据和转换数据作为单独实体的过程。（2分）数据对象建模，定义它们的属性和关系的方式。 （1分），该操纵数据对象进程建模的方式，显示了它们如何变换数据作为数据对象流经该系统。 （2分）

的第二种方法分析建模，称为面向对象的分析，着眼于类的定义以及它们与彼此协作以实现客户要求的方式。 UML和统一过程主要是面向对象的。 （5分）

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2. Describe the role of data design, architecture design, interface design and component-level design required for a complete specification of a software design. For WebApp software, does the above design specification offer a complete design strategy? Add more design activities specified to WebApp engineering. (共10分)

Answers: Answer 1:

Data design - high level model depicting user’s view of the data or information.(1分)

Architecture design – shows relationships and collaborations among specific analysis model software and hardware elements(1分)

Interface design - interface depicts a set of operations that describe the externally observable behavior of a class and provides access to its operations(1分)

Component-level design - Describes the internal detail of each software component(1分)

Answer 2:

Interface design –includes a representation of screen layout, a definition of the modes of interaction, and a description of navigation mechanisms. (1分)

Aesthetic design –describes the ‘look and feel’ of the WebApp. Includes color schemes, geometric layout, text size, font and placement, the use of graphics, and related aesthetic decisions. (1分)

Content design – defines the layout, structure, and outline for all content that is presented as part of the WebApp. (1分)

Navigation design – represents the navigational flow between content objects and for all WebApp functions. (1分)

Architecture design – identifies the overall hypermedia structure for the WebApp. (1分)

Component design – develops the detailed processing logic required to implement functional components(1分)

解答：答案1：

数据设计 - 高层次的模型描述的数据或信息的用户的观点（1分）。

建筑设计 - 展示具体的分析模型的软件和硬件元素（1分）之间的关系和合作，

接口设计 - 接口描述了一组描述一类的外部观察行为的操作，并提供了其运营（1分）进入 组件级的设计 - 描述每个软件组件的内部细节（1分） 答2：

接口设计 - 包含的屏幕布局的表示，互动模式的定义，和导航机制的描述。 （1分） 美学设计 - 介绍了“外观和感觉”的Web应用程序中。包括配色方案，几何布局，文字大小，

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字体和位置，使用图形，以及相关的美学决定。 （1分）

内容设计 - 定义布局，结构和轮廓为被表示为Web应用程序的一部分的所有内容。 （1分） 导航设计 - 代表的内容对象之间并为所有Web应用程序功能的导航流程。 （1分） 建筑设计 - 确定全面的超媒体结构的Web应用程序。 （1分） 组件设计 - 开发来实现功能部件所需的详细处理逻辑（1分）

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五、分析设计题（本大题共3小题，前两小题每题10分，最后一题15分,

共35分）。

提示：每小题给出了一个分析设计要求，请按照要求写出分析或设计结果，根据结果

的完整性，酌情扣分。

1. Please map the following DFD(数据流图) into SC (Structure Chart ).（共10分）

计算月天数接收年和月输入数据校验 润年计算选择日历格式日历显示周数据计算错误处理

参：

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日历程序输入主要计算输出接收年和月数据校验错误处理闰年计算计算月天数周数据计算选择日历格式日历显示

2．A short program section is shown in the following:

if ( a > b && i > 1 || a > b && i <= 10 ) k = a;

else k = b;

1) Draw a picture to show the basis path structure. (Hint: consider a structure with 4 simple decisions) (共5分) 2) To complete the basis path testing, list all of independent paths. (共5分) Answer 1: Basis path structure

Answer 2:

A a > b ? D F a > b ? H F k = b; K T B i > 1 ? F E T C T G T F I i  10 ? F k = a; J All of independent paths are:

① ADHK ② ABCJK ③ ABEHK

④ ADFGJK ⑤ ADFIK

3．Design user interfaces for the following use case as a series of screen shot sketches(屏幕草图), including Login, course schedule display, course delete etc..（共15分）

UseCase: A student deletes a course from his or her course schedule（课表）

Primary Actor: Student

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Goal context: A student wants delete a course from his or her own course schedule of next semester

Preconditions: 1.A students needs to have an account in the system

2.A student can access the system via internet

Trigger: student just wants to delete a course from his/her course schedule Scenario:

1. System display a login window

2. Student enters his/her user name and password 3. Student enters his/her password 4. Student clicks Login button

5. System displays course name list in his/her course schedule with student name as its title, “Logout” button is displayed

6. Student clicks a course in the course list which he wants to delete

7. System displays the selected course information: Course No.，course name, credit, professor, week, college, the “delete” button displayed. 8. Student clicks the “delete” button

9. System displays a conform dialog window (Yes/No) 10. Student selects “yes” choice from a conform dialog window

11. System updates student’s course schedule and displays course list in his/her updated course schedule

参：

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1,2,3,4LoginUsername:Password:LoginStuUserName***************Cancel5,6StuUserName course ScheduleLogoutWelcome StuUserName!Select the course you want to delete:1、Spoken English2、Database System Concepts3、Software Engineering4、Standard C++7,8Database System ConceptsCourse No文本Course Name文本Credit文本Professor文本Week文本DeleteCollege文本Return9,10Conform11StuUserNamw course schedule Are you sure to delete the course selected?Welcome StuUserName!LogoutSelect the course you want to delete:1、Spoken English2、Software Engineering3、Standard C++4、Java Programming LanguageYesNo

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