Strengthen Confidence in Cooperation and Revive World Economy

坚定合作信心 振兴世界经济

——在2009年亚太经合组织工商领导人峰会上的演讲

中华人民共和国 （2009年11月13日，新加坡）

Strengthen Confidence in Cooperation and Revive World Economy

——Speech at the APEC CEO Summit by H.E. Hu Jintao

President of the People’s Republic of China

Singapore, 13 November 2009 尊敬的女士，女士们，先生们，朋友们：

Madame Chair,

Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,

非常高兴同亚太工商界朋友们相聚在新加坡，围绕“重建世界经济：危机和机遇”的主题交换看法。

I am delighted to join you, representatives of the Asia-Pacific business community, here in Singapore for an exchange of views on “Rebuilding the Global Economy: Crisis and Opportunity”.

当前，世界经济出现企稳回升的积极迹象。这是国际社会齐心协力、共同应对的结果，有助于各方进一步提振信心、深化合作。同时，我们也要看到，这场国际金融危机充分暴露了世界经济发展方式不可持续、国际金融体系存在重大缺陷等突出问题。当前，国际金融危机的深层次影响依然存在，世界经济形势好转的基础并不牢固，国际经济体系的内在矛盾尚未得到根本解决，推动世界经济全面恢复增长还面临诸多不确定不稳定因素。

Thanks to the concerted efforts of the international community, the world economy has shown positive signs of stabilization and recovery, which will help us increase confidence and deepen cooperation. At the same time, we must recognize that the international financial crisis has laid bare some serious problems, including the lack of sustainability in the current pattern of world economic growth and the existence of major deficiencies in the international financial system. The profound impact of the financial crisis is still evident and the world economic upturn is not yet firmly established. The inherent problems of the international economic system have not been fully addressed, and a comprehensive world economic recovery still faces many uncertainties and destabilizing factors.

从世界经济长远发展考虑，我们在努力应对当前困难的同时，还应该从多方入手，切实解决世界经济中的深层次、结构性问题，化危机为契机，为世界经济全面恢复增长奠定坚实基础。为此，我愿提出以下几点主张。

To ensure long-term development of the world economy, we must, while countering immediate difficulties, adopt a multi-pronged approach and effectively address the underlying structural problems in the world economy. We should turn the crisis into an opportunity and lay a solid foundation for the full recovery of the world economy. I wish to propose, in this connection, that we make greater efforts in the following areas:

第一，坚定立场，积极推动贸易和投资自由化便利化。贸易和投资自由化便利化是恢复和保持世界经济增长的必要条件。在国际金融危机冲击下，各种形式的贸易和投资保护主义明显抬头，这不仅无助于各国摆脱危机影响，反而对世界经济复苏的脆弱势头构成威胁。我们应该继续推动贸易和投资自由化便利化，反对任何形式的保护主义，特别是要反对对发展中国家采取不合理的贸易和投资。我们应该推动多哈回合谈判在锁定已有成果、尊重多哈授权的基础上，抓紧解决遗留问题，早日取得全面、均衡的成果，实现发展回合目标。亚太经合组织发达成员应该采取有效措施，确保明年如期实现茂物目标，为本地区经济贸易持续增长注入新的活力。

First, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation with strong determination. Only with trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, can we achieve world economic recovery and growth. The international financial crisis has given rise to trade and investment protectionism of various forms. Protectionism will not help any country move out of the crisis. It can only pose a threat to the fragile momentum of economic recovery. We must continue to promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation and oppose protectionism in all its manifestations, particularly the unreasonable trade and investment restrictions imposed on developing countries. We should advance the Doha Round negotiations on the basis of locking in the existing achievements and respecting the Doha mandate. We need to speed up the settlement of the remaining issues and work for early comprehensive and balanced outcomes in the negotiations in order to achieve the goals of the development round. The developed members of APEC should adopt effective measures to meet the Bogor Goals on schedule next year, so as to inject new vitality into sustained economic and trade growth in our region.

第二，多管齐下，积极推动区域经济一体化。区域经济一体化有助于增强区域内贸易和投资活力，是推动地区和世界经济增长的重要途径。我们应该继续探讨通过多种途径加快亚太经济一体化进程，本着自主自愿、灵活务实的原则，推动以规制改革为重点的经济改革，不断改善商业运营环境，便利商业跨境运营。我们应该不断改进本地区贸易、通信、运输网络，加强基础设施建设，为区域经济一体化提供物质基础和机制保障。

Second, push forward regional economic integration through multiple channels.

Regional economic integration will bring about more dynamic intra-regional trade and investment and represents an important means in driving regional and world economic growth. We should continue to explore diverse ways to accelerate economic integration in the Asia-Pacific. We should promote economic structural reform with a focus on regulatory reform in a voluntary, flexible and pragmatic fashion. We should further improve the business environment and facilitate cross-border business operations. And we should continue to improve trade, telecommunication and transportation networks and strengthen infrastructural development in the region so as to provide the material foundation and institutional guarantee for regional economic integration.

第三，再接再厉，积极推进国际金融体系改革。当前，世界经济形势有所好转，但我们不能因此放慢国际金融体系改革的步伐。我们应该继续努力，坚持全面性、均衡性、渐进性、实效性的原则，推动国际金融体系改革朝着公平、公正、包容、有序方向发展，营造有利于世界经济健康发展的制度环境。我们应该继续提高发展中国家在国际金融机构中的代表性和发言权，尽快落实二十国集团领导人匹兹堡峰会确定的量化改革目标，完善国际金融机构决策程序和机制。我们应该推进国际金融监管体系改革，完善最根本的监管原则和目标。我们应该推动国际社会加强金融监管合作，扩大金融监管覆盖面，尽快制订普遍接受的金融监管标准。

Third, advance reform of the international financial system with renewed efforts. The international economic situation is now improving, but we should not slow down reform of the international financial system. We should follow a comprehensive, balanced, incremental and results-oriented approach and work for a fair, just, inclusive and well-managed international financial system and an institutional environment conducive to sound development of the world economy. We should continue to increase the representation and voice of developing countries in international financial institutions, speedily implement the quantitative reform targets set at the G20 Summit in Pittsburgh, and improve decision-making process and mechanisms in international financial institutions. We should move forward reform of the international financial supervisory and regulatory system and improve the most fundamental principles and goals of supervision and regulation. We should encourage stronger international cooperation in financial supervision and regulation, expand the coverage of supervision and regulation and move quickly to adopt supervisory and regulatory standards that are widely acceptable.

第四，创新思路，积极推动经济发展方式转变。转变经济发展方式是实现世界经济平衡有序发展的根本途径。历史经验表明，每次重大经济危机都会伴生重大科技突破和产业调整，强力推动经济发展方式转变。我们应该加快实施科技创新和产业改造，大力发展绿色经济、循环经济，充分依靠科技进步增强世界经济增长内在动力。我们应该加强经济技术合作，降低人为技术转让壁垒，缩小发展中成员同发达成员的技术差距特别是绿色技术差距，避免形成新的“绿色鸿沟”。发达成员应该帮助发展中成员获得有助于转变经济发展方式的资金和技术，推动世界经济平衡有序发展。

Fourth, accelerate transformation of economic development patterns with innovative ideas. A shift in economic development patterns is the fundamental way to realize balanced and orderly development of the world economy. Historical experience tells us that a major economic crisis is always followed by scientific and technological breakthroughs and industrial readjustments, which catalyze transformation of economic development patterns. We should speed up scientific and technological innovation and industrial upgrading, develop green economy and circular economy, and rely on scientific and technological advancement to build up the internal dynamism of the world economy. We should intensify economic and technical cooperation, reduce man-made barriers to technology transfer, narrow the technological gap, especially the green technology gap, between developed and developing members and avoid a new “green divide”. It is incumbent upon developed members to help developing members gain access to capital and technology needed for the transformation of economic development patterns, thus contributing to balanced and orderly development of the world economy. 女士们、先生们！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

国际金融危机也给中国经济发展带来了前所未有的困难和挑战。危机发生后，中国及时调整宏观经济，果断实施积极的财政和适度宽松的货币，实施并不断完善应对国际金融危机冲击的一揽子计划和措施，坚持把扩大内需特别是消费需求作为应对国际金融危机的基本立足点。具体讲，主要有以下几个方面。

The international financial crisis has brought unprecedented difficulties and challenges to the Chinese economy. In the face of the crisis, China made timely adjustment to its macroeconomic policies, and introduced a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy. We adopted a stimulus package and relevant policy measures, and have improved them in the course of their implementation. Our focus in countering the crisis is to expand domestic demand, especially consumer demand. In concrete terms, our efforts mainly include the following:

一是扩大内需、增强发展动力。我们通过大规模投资带动民间投资，重点用于民生工程、生态工程、技术创新等领域；改善消费环境，调整分配关系，增强消费能力，积极培育新的消费热点；实行结构性减税，减轻企业和居民负担，同时增加对企业信贷支持。通过这些措施，推动形成消费、投资、出口协调拉动经济增长的新格局。我们加快经济发展方式转变和经济结构调整，大范围实施产业调整振兴规划，加大科技创新力度，拓展国内市场特别是农村市场，控制污染物排放总量，促进自然生态系统和社会经济系统良性循环。

First, expand domestic demand to strengthen the momentum of development. The massive government investment and the non-public capital it generated have been

mainly channeled to projects related to people’s well-being, the environment and technological innovation. We have been working hard to improve the consumption environment, adjust distribution relations, increase people’s ability to spend and foster new areas of high consumer demand. We have reduced burdens on both enterprises and individuals through structural tax cuts and provided greater credit support to enterprises. All these measures are designed to foster a new pattern of economic growth driven jointly by consumption, investment and export. We are accelerating transformation of our development pattern and the restructuring of our economy, implementing large-scale plans to readjust and reinvigorate industries and promoting innovation in science and technology. We are making great effort to expand the domestic market, especially the rural market, control total discharge of pollutants and ensure both a sound natural eco-system and a sound socio-economic system.

二是深化改革、激发经济活力。我们加大重点领域和关键环节改革力度，推进资源型产品价格、财税、金融、国有企业等方面改革，增强全社会创造活力。

Second, deepen reform to unleash economic vitality. We have intensified reform in priority areas and key links, including the price of resource products, fiscal and taxation regimes, the financial system and state-owned enterprises with a view to spurring creativity in the whole society.

三是改善民生、巩固发展基础。我们把刺激经济增长的措施向民生领域倾斜，集中力量加快推进重点民生工程建设，着力解决就业、医疗、住房、养老、环保等关系人民切身利益的实际问题，尤其是加快完善社会保障体系、大幅提高社会保障水平，既增加投资、释放社会消费潜力，也为经济长远发展奠定坚实基础。

Third, improve people’s livelihood to consolidate the foundation of development. We have given priority to undertakings concerning people’s well-being in the economic stimulus measures and pooled resources to accelerate relevant key projects. We are making every effort to address issues concerning the immediate interests of the people, such as employment, medical care, housing, old-age support and environmental protection. In particular, we have intensified efforts to improve the social safety net and substantially raised social security benefits. What we have been doing will not only increase investment and unleash the potential of public consumption, but also put China’s long-term economic development on a firm footing.

四是扩大开放、寻求互利共赢发展。我们奉行互利共赢的开放战略，在努力稳定出口的同时，推进加工贸易升级转型，不断优化贸易结构；同时努力扩大进口，重点引进先进技术装备、关键零部件、重要能源资源和原材料；加快实施自由贸易区战略，积极推动区域经济一体化，同其他经济体共享扩大市场、深化分工带来的利益。

Fourth, expand the scope of opening-up to pursue mutual benefit and win-win

progress. We follow a win-win strategy of opening-up. While making efforts to stabilize export, we are also upgrading and transforming the processing trade sector and improving our trade structure. We have been expanding import, with a special focus on advanced technologies and equipment, key spare parts as well as important energy resources and raw materials. We are implementing the free trade area strategy at a faster pace and actively promoting regional economic integration. We want to share with other economies the benefits of expanded markets and deeper division of labor.

这些措施已取得积极成效，既保持了中国经济平稳较快发展势头，也为中国经济持续发展积蓄了后劲。中国将进一步扩大内需，大力开拓国内市场，推动内需和外需平衡发展；进一步推动经济发展方式转变，促进产业升级、节能减排，推动经济建设和环境保护平衡发展；进一步改善民生，重点推动教育、医疗、养老、住房等社会事业进步，推动经济建设和社会建设平衡发展；进一步实施区域发展战略，推动各地区平衡发展。

These policies and measures have produced good results. They have enabled us to maintain the momentum of steady and relatively fast economic growth and set the stage for sustained growth of the economy. China will further boost domestic demand, vigorously expand the domestic market, and promote balanced growth of domestic and external demand. We will further advance transformation of the economic development pattern, encourage industrial upgrading, energy saving and pollution reduction and ensure both economic development and environmental protection. We will continue to improve people’s well-being, especially with respect to education, medical care, old-age support, housing and other social programs so as to promote balanced economic and social development. And we will follow through on our regional development strategies to achieve balanced development of different regions in China.

中国的发展离不开世界，世界的发展也需要中国。中国越是发展，给世界带来的机遇和作出的贡献就越大。中国应对国际金融危机冲击的一系列措施，有利于保持中国经济平稳较快发展，有利于缓解国际金融危机影响、推动恢复世界经济增长，也为其他国家发展提供了更多机遇，为亚太工商界提供了更多商机。我们欢迎亚太工商界人士积极参与中国发展进程，使你们的事业同中国经济发展实现互利共赢。

China cannot achieve development in isolation from the world, and the world needs China for development. A more developed China will bring more opportunities and make greater contribution to the world. The series of measures China has adopted to counter the international financial crisis are conducive to the steady and relatively fast growth of the Chinese economy and the international effort to alleviate the impact of the financial crisis and restore world economic growth. They have also offered more opportunities for other countries and the business community of the Asia-Pacific region. We welcome people from the Asia-Pacific business community like you to

actively participate in China’s development endeavor and believe that your participation will benefit both your businesses and China’s economic development.

女士们、先生们！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

前不久，中国人民热烈庆祝了中华人民共和国成立60周年。60年来特别是改革开放30年来，中国取得了举世瞩目的发展成就，经济实力和综合国力显著增强，各项社会事业全面进步，人民生活从温饱不足发展到总体小康，中国社会迸发出前所未有的活力和创造力。同时，我们清醒地认识到，中国仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家，中国在发展进程中遇到的矛盾和问题无论规模还是复杂性都世所罕见。要全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会，进而基本实现现代化、实现全体人民，还有很长的路要走。我们将继续从本国国情出发，坚持中国特色社会主义道路，坚持改革开放，推动科学发展，促进社会和谐，全面推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设，全力做到发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享。

Not long ago, the Chinese people celebrated the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. China has achieved remarkable progress in those 60 years, particularly in the last 30 years since reform and opening-up. China’s economy and comprehensive national strength have grown significantly and various social programs have made big strides. The Chinese people, once lacking basic living necessities, are now leading a moderately prosperous life, and the whole society is showing unprecedented dynamism and creativity. We are keenly aware, however, that China remains the world’s largest developing country. The difficulties and problems that we face in development are rarely seen in any other part of the world in terms of their scale and complexity. We still have a long way to go before we can build, in a comprehensive way, a moderately prosperous society of a higher level that will benefit the more than one billion Chinese people, and then achieve basic modernization and bring common prosperity to all our people. We will, in the light of our national conditions, continue to follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, persist in reform and opening-up, promote scientific development and social harmony, and achieve all-round progress in the economic, political, cultural, social and environmental fields. We will ensure that our development is for the people and by the people and the fruits of development are shared among the people.

女士们、先生们！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

作为近年来世界经济发展最快和最具活力的地区，亚太地区已经成为世界经济发展的重要推动力量，在世界经济格局中的作用和影响日益增强。工商界是亚太经济发展的主力军和国际经贸发展的重要推动力量，在应对国际金融危机冲击、引

领亚太经济复苏、促进世界经济增长方面发挥着重要作用。在座各位都是亚太工商界的领军人物，有着远见卓识和丰富的国际合作经验，应该把握世界经济调整的重要时机，在危机中寻找新的发展机遇，为推动世界经济全面复苏和长远发展发挥积极作用。

As the fastest growing and most dynamic region in the world economy in recent years, the Asia-Pacific has become an important engine in world economic growth and its role and influence in the world economic arena have been on the rise. The business community is the backbone of economic growth in the Asia-Pacific region and an important driving force in international economic interactions and trade. It has played an important role in countering the impact of the international financial crisis, leading the economic recovery in the Asia-Pacific region and promoting world economic growth. All of you present are business leaders with vision and rich experience in international cooperation. I encourage you to seize the important opportunities brought by world economic adjustments, seek new development opportunities from the crisis, and play an active role in promoting the full recovery and long-term development of the world economy.

我相信，只要我们携手努力、深化合作，不断推动亚太大家庭建设，就一定能够创造亚太地区持久和平、共同繁荣的美好未来！

I am confident that as long as we deepen cooperation and jointly promote the development of the Asia-Pacific community, we will usher in a better future of enduring peace and common prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region.

谢谢各位。

Thank you.