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大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)-试卷262

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大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)-试卷262

(总分:12.00,做题时间:90分钟)

一、 Translation(总题数:6,分数:12.00)

1.Part Ⅳ Translation(分数:2.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析:

2.7月底, 中国环境保护部 (China's Environment Protection Ministry)发布了今年上半年空气质量状况报告。报告称,除了 拉萨 (Lhasa)、海口、舟山和惠州四个城市,我国其他主要大城市的空气质量均未达标。造成这一结果的原因有很多,其中包括不断增长的机动车数量和工业品产量。空气污染状况的不断恶化严重威胁公众的健康。一位表示,一份旨在控制空气污染的方案将在年内公布。 (分数:2.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案: At the end of July, China's Environment Protection Ministry released a report on air quality in the first half of this year. According to the report, except four cities, namely Lhasa, Haikou, Zhoushan and Huizhou, no other major city in the country is up to the standard of air quality. Growing motor vehicles and industrial output are among a variety of factors contributing to this consequence. Worsening air pollution composes a serious threat to the health of the public. An official said a scheme to control air pollution would be published within the year.)

解析:解析:1.第1句中的定语“今年上半年空气质量状况”较长,故将其处理成后置定语,用介词短语on air quality inthe first half of this year来表达,汉语中表示范畴的“状况”一词按英文表达习惯可以省译。 2.第2句中的“我国其他主要大城市的空气质量均未达标”如果逐字对译则语句生硬,表达效果平平。翻译时,宜采用“否定前移”的方法,对主语“我国其他大城市”进行否定,谓语则变为肯定,译为no other majorcity…is up to…。 3.第3句“造成这一结果的原因有很多,其中包括……”可直译为many reasons lead to the consequence,including…,但为了突出原文中的两个原因,可将原因置于句首,译作growing motor vehicles…areamong…factors contributing to the consequence。 4.最后一句中的定语“旨在控制空气污染的”表目的,故用不定式短语to control air pollution来表达。

3.《史记》 (Records of the Grand Historian)是一部伟大的史学著作,为 西汉时期 (the Western Han Dy-nasty)司马迁所著。《史记》记载了我国从 黄帝 (Yellow Emperor)到西汉时期长达3000年左右的历史。《史记》全书共52万字,取材广泛,内容丰富。特别值得一提的是,司马迁不仅参考皇家的历史记录,还走遍中国求证信息的真伪。《史记》也是一部优秀的文学著作,对中国后世文学有着深远的影响。 (分数:2.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案: Written by Sima Qian in the Western Han Dynasty, Records of the Grand Historian is a great historical work. It records Chinese history of about 3,000 years from the time of Yellow Emperor to his own time. With a total of 520 thousand Chinese characters, the book includes a wide range of materials and is rich in contents. What is particularly worth mentioning is that Sima Qian not only referred to imperial historical records, but also traveled around China to verify the information. Records of the Grand Historian is also an excellent literary work, exerting a far-reaching influence on Chinese literature of later generations.)

解析:解析:1.第1句包含两个主要信息点,“《史记》是一部……”和“为……司马迁所著”,可用并列结构译成Records ofthe Grand Historian is a…and written by…。但为了使句子主次分明,可将前半句处理成主句,而后半句作状语,用分词短语Written by Sima Qian in the Western Han Dynasty来表达,置句首。 2.第3句有三个分句,其中的“取材广泛,内容丰富”语义较紧密,故处理为句子的并列谓语,“全书共52万余字”则处理为伴随状语,本句中的“字”指“中国汉字”,应表达为Chinese character,不宜译为word。 3.倒数第2句中的“特别值得一提的是”用句式What is particularly worth

mentioning is that…来表达。“不仅……还……”对应的结构为not only…but also…。“求证信息的真伪”表目的,故将其处理成目的状语,用不定式短语to verify information来表达。 4.最后一句中的“对中国后世文学有着深远的影响”可处理为伴随状语,用分词短语exerting a far-reachinginfluence on…来表达。

4.中国是一个农业大国,也是世界农业起源地之一。水稻和小麦等农作物都原产自中国。新中国成立后,十分重视农业生产,不断加大农业投入,加速了农业生产的现代化进程。因此,中国农业取得了辉煌的成就。中国各种农产品的产量增长很快,谷物、棉花、 花生 (peanut)的总产量均居世界首位。依靠占世界不足10%的 耕地 (cultivatable land),中国养活了世界1/5以上的人口。 (分数:2.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案: China is a big agricultural country and also one of the world's agricultural origins. Crops such as rice and wheat were first produced in China. After the founding of New China, the government has been paying close attention to agriculture and increasing investment to speed up the modernization of agricultural production. Therefore, China has made great achievements in agriculture. The outputs of various agricultural products grow at a fast rate and the total output of grains, cotton and peanuts tops the world. With less than ten percent of the world's cultivatable land, China manages to feed over one-fifth of the world's population.) 解析:解析:1.第2句为无被动标识词的被动句,翻译时要用被动语态,可译作Crops such as rice and wheat werefirst produced in China。 2.第3句中的动作“十分重视”、“不断加大”是“新中国成立后”持续发生的动作,故该句用现在完成进行时态。仔细分析发现,“十分重视……,不断加大……”为两个并列的动作作谓语,而“加速了……”则表结果,可处理为结果状语,故本句译为the government has been paying close attention to…and increasing...tospeed up…。 3.第4句中的“中国农业取得了辉煌的成就”可理解为“中国在农业方面取得了成就”,故可译为China hasmade great achievements in agriculture。该句也可用“辉煌的成就”作主语,用被动语态表达,译作greatachievements have been made in China’s agriculture。 4.翻译最后一句“依靠……,中国……”时,可将后半句处理成主句,前半句为状语,用介词短语With lessthan ten percent of the world’s cultivatable land来表达,使句子主次分明、结构简洁紧凑。

5.九寨沟风景区 (Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area)是世界上最佳的旅游景区之一。它位于四川省九寨沟县内,距离成都约450公里,因沟内有9个村寨而得名。九寨沟里森林遍布,沟内有108个色彩斑斓的湖泊。九寨沟 海拔 (elevation)2000多米,气候宜人,夏季凉爽,冬无寒风。九寨沟以其独特的风景每天吸引着数以万计的海内外游客。1992年,九寨沟风景区被列入 世界自然遗产名录 (World Natural Heritages)。 (分数:2.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案: The Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area is one of the best tourist attractions in the world. Situated in Jiuzhaigou County, Sichuan Province, the area is about 450 kilometers away from Chengdu City. It got the name because of the nine villages spreading in the area. Forests are found everywhere in the area which owns 108 colorful lakes. The area, with an elevation over 2,000 meters, enjoys a favorable climate which is cool in summer but free from cold wind in winter. With its unique scenery, it attracts tens of thousands of visitors from home and abroad every day. In 1992, the Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area was listed into the World Natural Heritages.) 解析:解析:1.第2句中含三个汉语短句,有三个动作“位于”、“距离”和“得名”。仔细分析发现,前两个表示位置,语义联系紧密,最后那个表示名字的来源,故宜把最后那个短句拆译为另一个句子。“位于……”可处理成地点状语,用分词短语situated in...来表达。“因……而得名”可套用句型it got the name because...。在because引导的原因状语从句中宜增译出“分布着”(spreading),以使句意表达得更准确。 2.第2句中的“四川省九寨沟县内”,按照英文的表达习惯,地点要从小到大排列,故可译为in JiuzhaigouCounty,Sichuan Province。 3.在第3句中,“……遍布”可用句型…be found everywhere来表达;“沟内有108个色彩斑斓的湖泊”则可处理为由which引导的定语从句,译作which owns 108 colorful lakes。 4.第4句包含4个汉语短句。翻译此类句子时可如下处理:首先,确定句子的主干;其次,分析其余的附属成分和主干中某个成分之间的逻辑关系;最后,考虑以何种方式解决附属

结构,通常可以采用介词短语、分词短语和从句等办法来解决。此句可将“气候宜人”处理为主句;“海拔2000多米”则处理成状语,用介词短语with...来表达;“夏季凉爽,冬无寒风”是对主句的补充说明,可处理成定语从句用来修饰“气候”,译为whichis cool...but free from...。 5.倒数第2句中的“以其独特的风景”可处理为方式状语,用介词短语with its unique scenery来表达。 6.昆曲 (Kunqu)是中国最古老的戏曲剧种之一,起源于 元朝末年 (the late Yuan Dynasty)江苏昆山地区。昆曲的表演有它独特的体系和风格。它最大的特点就是感情丰富,歌唱和舞蹈巧妙结合。许多昆曲剧目都是歌颂浪漫的古代爱情故事。昆曲代表作 《牡丹亭》 (The Peony Pavilion)是中国戏曲文学中的不朽之作。如今人们对保护传统文化的呼吁将有助于昆曲重新走向繁荣。 (分数:2.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案: Kunqu is one of the oldest Chinese operas. It was born in the late Yuan Dynasty in Kunshan area, Jiangsu Province. The performance of Kunqu has its unique system and style. It is most characterized by its rich emotion and skillful combination of singing and dancing. Many works of Kunqu praise the romantic ancient love stories. The Peony Pavilion, the representative work of Kunqu, is ever lasting in Chinese drama literature. Now, the appeal for protecting traditional culture would help Kunqu back to its prosperity again.)

解析:解析:1.第1句中的两个分句所用时态不一致,第1个分句用一般现在时,第2个分句用一般过去时,宜将其拆译。“剧种”是汉语中表范畴的词汇,汉译英时可以省略不译。翻译“江苏昆山地区”时应按照英语的表达习惯,将地点从小到大排列,译作Kunshan area,Jiangsu Province,要增译出“江苏”的性质Province。 2.第3句中的“最大的特点就是”可直译为the biggest characteristic is…,但不如用it is mostcharacterized by its…来得生动、地道。 3.在倒数第2句中,主语的中心词是“《牡丹亭》”,可把“昆曲代表作”处理成同位语,译作the representativework of Kunqu。 4.在最后一句中,“对……的呼吁”可用名词短语appeal for…来表达,“保护传统文化”作为“呼吁”的具体内容,接在介词for之后即可,译为for protecting traditional culture;“有助于”表达为help(to);“重新走向繁荣”表目的,既可译为不定式短语(to)become prosperous again,也可译为back to its prosperityagain。

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