2019高考英语全国一卷语法填空考点与答案解析 (2019全国一卷)
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 1 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modem methods 3 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 4 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 5 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 6 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 7 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 8 (high) than they actually are. Of 9 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 10 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
1.考点与答案：同位语从句引导词；that；
解析：同位语从句属于名词性从句，名词性从句结构完整，意思完整，没有歧义时用连接词“that”。
2. 考点与答案：副词做状语；poorly;
解析：英语副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等关系的一类词。本句中poorly修饰动词studied。
3. 考点与答案：名词的格/介词短语做定语；of/ for
解析：本题答案不是唯一的，既可以看成是名词methods的所有
格，所以可填“of”，也可以看成是介词短语“for tracking polar bear populations”做后置定语修饰名词methods。
4. 考点与答案：非谓语动词，不定式做状语；to perform 解析：不定式可以做条件、目的和结果状语，本句是条件状语表示假设。
5. 考点与答案：谓语时态；have reported
解析：本句有时间状语“In recent years”，表示在最近几年里，为时间段，符合现在完成时。
6. 考点与答案：构词法；belief
解析：believe为动词，在句子里做leading to的宾语，通过构词法变为名词做宾语，类似的构词法还有如：relieve--- relief。
7. 考点与答案：动名词做宾语；noting
解析：动词通过构词法构成的名词与动名词都可以做宾语，但是动名词还具有动词的性质，即如果是及物动词还可以带宾语，也可以由副词来修饰，本句note后面带了由that引导的宾语从句。这一点在18年高考就出现过：You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die) early by running.有的同学填了death就错了，因为有副词early修饰，应该填dying。
8. 考点与答案：形容词比较及；higher
解析：介词than（兼连词）是用比较级或最高级的标志，表示两个或两方的比较级要用比较及形式；表示三个或三方以上的比较要用最高级形式。
9. 考点与答案：限定词或冠词；the
解析：英语具体名词前要用限定词，如果是特指某个事物或人物用定冠词
10. 考点与答案：主谓一致；are
解析：本句主语为six，在语境中指代的是six polar bears所要用复数形式。
