培养听说读写技能的先决条件是说写
【之五】
张铁城 2016、10、6 发送
新加坡最佳中学的最佳中三1班即初一学生的作文是词汇级别最标准的一篇文章
中国学生要重视写的训练必然会提高说的能力
这是我们熟悉的英语教学大师亚历山大的主张
“Speaking and writing are the most important of these skills, since to some extent, they presuppose the other two.”译文：“说与写在这几种能力中，是最重要的，因为在某种程度上，这两种能力是另外两种能力的先决条件。”
【见：亚历山大（L.G.Alexander）在《新概念英语第二册（全英语版 p.viii）》】
遗憾的是：我们北京高考的书面表达分数一直不高。2009年北京英语高考书面表达满分35分，但是平均分数只有17.5分，相当于100分的50分。
第五章《新加坡中学作文》
准备向真正的英语原著过渡
※比赛成绩公布通知原文 及
四篇一等奖获奖作文 共计2,874个英语单词。
第三篇获奖作文 2008年新加坡南华中学作文比赛 一等奖
中三1班Terence Chua Jie
1st Prize --- Secondary Three Category
Li Yanzhe （301）
词汇级别统计※全文共计937个英语单词，其中：
一级词汇661个，占70.54%；二级词汇个，占 6.83%；三级词汇%；★级词汇 71个，占 7.57%；无级别词汇91个，占 9.71%；
一级、二级、三级词汇总计：775个，占80.57%。
1st Prize --- Secondary Three Category
Li Yanzhe （301）
个，占 50 5.33
“What will my life be like?”I wondered.
As a newborn silkworm resting in my cozy（★） co·sy1 BrE cozy AmE /ˈkəuzi US ˈkouzi/ adj
a place that is cosy is small, comfortable, and warm
The living room was warm and cosy . cocoon [kә'ku:n]
n. 茧
, my mind was filled with curiosity（★）. Wonder（★★） was the theme of my life. I enjoyed asking all sorts of questions about life, and equally enjoyed giving each of the questions my own answer based on my imagination.
“Will the outside world be freezing（★★）and harsh（★★）for me?” Curled（★）in a warm corner of my solitary tending to spend a lot of time alone: space, I suddenly felt insecure.
“Will I encounter enemies and be hurt by them in that world?”Heavily struck by the appalling（★） idea, I started to squirm [skә:m] 蠕动, 辗转不安
involuntarily [in'vɒlәntәrili] ad. 不知不觉地, 无意识地.
“Will I successfully find a comfortable shelter（★★） and some food to live on in that world?”I glanced at the soothing silk（★★）around me, unable to control the escalating ['eskәleit] v. 逐步扩大, 逐步升高, 逐步增强
suspicion（★★）which had long been fermenting['fә:ment] 发酵, .
That world suddenly seemed very distant and scary（★）to me. An uncanny [ʌnˈkæni] a.不可思议的
pang a sudden feeling of pain, sadness etc of invincible [in'vinsәbl]
a. 不能征服的, 无敌的
fear gripped（★★）me and threatened to overwhelm（★）me. “That world,”I murmured（★★）, feeling vulnerable.“That scary（★）world of danger and loneliness --- I do not want!”My fear flared（★）and melted（★★） into petulant /ˈpetʃʊlənt/ adj behaving in an unreasonably impatient and angry way, like a child anger smoldering literary if someone smoulders or if their feelings smoulder, they have strong feelings that they do not fully express violently（★）.
Under the onslaught a large violent attack by an army of such fear, my interest in an adventurous journey of discovery waned. Gradually, I began to repel drive (sb/sth) back or away; this outside world. The call of adventure（★★）trailed（★★）off as I feverishly拼命迫不及待地狂热地spun more silk（★★）and built a thicker and thicker wall barricading me from the world, until the world disappeared in my mind.
I sank into a seemingly（★★）eternal [i'tә:nl] a. 永恒的, 永远的, 不灭的
state of serenity / sə`renəti / noun [uncount] a feeling of being calm or peaceful
in my limited space, yet my heart pounded（★） violently（★）against my chest, as if fear was determined to deprive（★）me of the original privilege of peace that I had enjoyed. The fear melted（★★）into fatigue（★）which penetrated（★★） every nerve of my body. Feeling drowsy / `draʊzi / adjective feeling that you want to sleep: and listless ['listlis] a. 倦怠的, 无精打采的, I dozed off.
I dreamt of the mysterious（★★）world which scared（★）me before; I dreamt of life and death; I dreamt of my future, my love and my hatred（★）. The dream seemed endless（★★）. My brain was on the verge边缘of exploding（★★）.
The dream did have an end, which was when the unbearable stifling窒息 air around me wakened me. No sooner did I open my sleepy（★） eyes than I sensed（★★）something wrong around me.
The unbroken darkness engulfed吞没 me completely, blinded（★） me and upset me. Although I waited for ages, the brightness remained hidden. Not until I bumped into the wall of my chrysalis /'krisәlis/ 蛹, 茧, 形成阶段did I realize that my cocoon茧 [kә'ku:n]
had hardened（★）and was no longer cozy（★）. My previous ignorant [ˈignərənt] a.(of)不知道的；无知的，愚昧的
action of wrapping myself turned out to be a fatuous /ˈfætʃuəs/ very silly or stupid
and harmful（★）way of venting发泄 my frustration（★）---- I had confined myself within an airtight密封的silk（★★）-made chamber which even light could not pass through.
Time flew without stopping while I grew weaker and weaker as if under an insidious [in'sidiәs] 隐伏的,
curse诅咒. Just as I was viciously恶狠狠地deprived（★）of my physical strength, I miraculously retrieved/rɪˈtriːv/ v formal to find something and bring it back→recover my mental sobriety清醒.
“I must escape from this living hell. It is life-threatening!”The idea of death made me shudder（★） ['ʃʌdә] 战栗, 发抖, and the fear started to brew酝酿again. It was not the same fear which had made me flinch 畏缩earlier. Rather, it was a kind of fear which moulded（★）my willpower into working in overdrive特别努力.
“I must find light! I must gain freedom!”The fear was surprisingly transformed into a strong determination and ceaselessly stirred me to struggle（★★）out of the confinement of ignorance and cowardice.
“I must figure a way to survive! I must face the world!”My fear rose again and became a turbulent ['tә:bjulәnt] a. 狂暴的, 的, 紊乱的torrent['tɒ:rәnt]
n. 奔流, 倾盆大雨, 倾注, 迸发of motivation（★★）.
Torrents of motivation（★★）were strengthened by a burning desire（★★★）for survival. It flooded my mind and chased away the initial lingering（★）fear.
“Bang!”I made my first attempt to break out of the confinement by bumping my body against the wall of the chrysalis茧. I repeated the attempt a few times in a bid to create an access to the outside world, although I did not know whether this action would reap [ri:p] vt. 收割, 收获, 获得success.
“Bang! Bang!”I persevered [,pә:si'viә]
vi. 坚持, 孜孜不倦, 不屈不挠, (辩论中)固执己见
in making a hole. Once. Twice（★★★）. Thrice… I did not stop.
Blood streaked（★）down my painful（★★） body which was riddled with very full of something bad or unpleasant scalding FORMAL very severe: wounds（★★）. Yet, the craving an extremely strong desire for something for survival outrivaled [,aut'raivl] 打败, 胜过
the physical affliction pain; suffering; distress. Heedless of my wounds（★★）and blood, I carried on my job in anticipation（★★）when you are expecting something to happenof the freedom I would gain.
Pain became intense and increasingly torturous.
I did not stop.
I continued to attack the solid chrysalis, to attack my fear, clinging（★★）to the faith that I would succeed.
“Bang! Bang! Pong…..”
A trickle flow in a thin stream of sunshine dispelleddrive (sth) away; cause to vanish the darkness. The battle against confinement was won.
Dragging my haggard憔悴的, 形容枯槁body towards the brightness. I poked（★）捅 the hole with my mouth to enlarge（★）it. Bit by bit, the dim chamber grew warmer and brighter.
I took a deep breath, and jumped out of the cocoon. It was the first jump（★）in my life, a jump（★）into success and freedom.
I fluttered my iridescent /ˌɪrɪˈdesənt/ adj formal showing colours that seem to change in different lights
wings which had newly grown out of the wounds（★★）, and plunged（★★）into the journey to an ideal world.
Pain was forgotten, fatigue（★）was ignored, and fear was abandoned. All
that I did was embrace（★★）the brand（★★）-new world with passion and eager（★★）anticipation（★）.
I have been a silk（★★）moth蛾
for some time now, a moth that always cherished every slice（★★）of life --- the sky, the flowers and the stream.
Jubilant欢呼的, 喜洋洋的
over having made a successful step into a richer life, I flew back to the abandoned cocoon to give it a gentle kiss（★★）of love and gratitude.
“Thanks,”I smiled at the dilapidatedold and in bad condition: RUN-DOWN
cocoon,“thanks for brewing my fear; thanks for weaving（★）my dreams ….. You taught me that successes come when we dare to leap（★★） into the unknown.”
