保除合同之法定解除榷 文/趟岩 2009年2月28日,十一届全圆常委畲第七 次畲 通遇了《中莘人民共和圆保险法》(以下筒稻 《保除法》)修 草案。2009年10月1日新修 的《保 除法》正式寅施。本文徒保除合同法定解除槿人手, 封新修 的《保除法》中网于保除人法定解除榷的行 使、以及完善连行简要谕述。 合同解除槽是一檀形成槽,是指依一方之意思表 示而座生法律效果之槿利。 “祗要槎利人将燮勤法律 网系的意思表逵于封方,按照法律的规定即可自勤麈 生相臆的效果,既不需要相封人的行禺或不行餍,也 不需要相封人封该意思表示同意或不同意。”保除合 同解除槿亦届如此。在现代保险交易中,保险行柴的 尊柴性、技衍性使得投保方虎于劣势,并且,保险人 在利益最大化的驱使下存在滥用其法定解除榷的凰 险,焉保遘投保人、被保除人的信 利益,平衡蔓方 之同的利益,《保险法》封保除人的合同解除槽作了 鞍局殿格的。根攘《保除法》第15僚的规定,富 投保方提出解除合同要求畴, 须保除人同意即可麈 生合同解除的效果;而保除人祗有在具借保除法上规 定的法定解除僚件或保除合同约定的解除合同的僚件 成就睛,方能行使合同解除槽。 一、保险人法定解除榷之情形 保除合同的法定解除榷,是由保除法规定而廑生 的合同解除槽,即有嗣保除法律、法规在一定情况下 赋予保除人直接依掾法律规定解除合同的榷利,保险 人可以行使法定解除保险合同的情形如下: 1.投保人连反如寅告知羲耪 立保险合同,保险人就保险檩的或者被保险人 的有网情况提出翔同的,投保人虑富如寅告知。投保 人故意或因重大遇失未履行前款规定的如寅告知蓑 磅,足以影譬保险人决定是否同意承保或者提高保除 黄率的,保险人有榷解除合同。投保人申鞭的被保险 人年龄不真寅,并且真寅年龄不符合合同约定的年龄 的,保除人可以解除保除合同,并按照合同约定 退逯保除罩的现金儇值。 2.投保人、被保险人或者受益人的逵法行届 投保人、被保除人或受益人以骗取保险金餍目 的,以编造保 事故的骚生或保除事故霰生的原因、 故意制造保险事故致使保除人陷于错 恝谶而向其支 付保险金的行届是连法行届。未骚生保险事故,被保 险人或者受益人谎稻骚生了保除事故,向保险人提出 赔偾或者给付保险金请求的,保除人有槎解除合同, 并不退退保除黄。投保人、被保险人故意制造保除事 故的,保除人有榷解除合同,不承搪赔偕或者给付保 险金的责任。 3.人身保险合同效力中止满2年 餍防止保除合同效力因投保人舆被保除人协商不 成畏期虎于不碓定的戕憋,《保除法》规定,自合同效 力中止之日起满雨年蔓方未逵成协菇的,保险人有榷解 除合同,并臆富按照合同约定退遗保险罩的现金儇值。 4.保除檩的危险程度增加 因保险檩的蒋禳撙致危险程度颢著增加的,保险 41 CHINA LAW 2010/04 f法律童践 人自收到蒋藤通知之日起三十El内,可以按照合同约 保隐行桨的稳健遁行。如果税法律毅立保除合同法定 定增加保险黄或者解除合同。保险人解除合同的,臆 解除制度的初衷是焉了给予保险人脱藤封他已不公平 富将已收取的保除费,按照合同约定扣除自保险责任 的保除合同的楼台,那麽现代保险柴中的法定解除刖 朋始之日起至合同解除之日止虑收的部分後,退遗投 更虑兹偏重于届投保方着想,搪大逼用兹制度的反向 保人。在合同有效期内,保除檩的的危险程度颞著增 功能——保险人解除槽的滥用。因此,各圆保险 加的,被保除人虑富按照合同约定及睛通知保险人, 法在允斡保险人行使法定解除槿遣一救滂榷利的同 保险人可以按照合同约定增加保除费或者解除保险合 畴,也封其行使兹项榷利的逋用筢圉和保件造行了 同。 5.投保人、被保除人未按照约定履行其封保陂檩 的的安全虑盎责任 投保人、被保除人未按照约定履行其封保险檩的 的安全虑盎寅任的,保险人有榷要求增加保险费或者 解除合同。 6.保险榇的骚生部分损失 保除檩的骚生部分损失的,自保险人赔偕之Et起 30日内,投保人可以解除合同;除合同另有约定外, 保险人也可以解除合同,但虑凿提前15日通知投保 人。合同解除的,保险人虑富将保除檩的未受捐失部 分的保除费,按照合同约定扣除自保除寅任阴始之日 起至合同解除之日止虑收的部分後,退遐投保人。 二、保除合同法定解除之法律後果 理输上一般 届,合同解除具有溯及既往的效 力,保险合同解除的法律後果是使保除合同的效力提 前消减,保除人根攘法律规定解除保除合同是否具有 溯及力要根掳投保人、被保除人或者受益人的遇错程 度束碓定。投保人、被保险人或者受益人故意追反法 定合同羲旃或以骗取保险金属目的寅施连法行届畴, 保隐人行使法定解除槿後封合同解除前骚生的保险事 故不承搪保险责任,封于投保人已经交纳的保险费不 予以返遗,被保除人或受益人封于已经给付的保险金 虑富退回;投保人、被保除人或者受益人因遇失遵反 法定羲耪,封于投保人缴纳的保除费虑予以返遐。 三、保险人法定解除榷之 保除合同解除槎的行使後果,将免除保除人未柬 骚生的保险事故的赔付责任,逭毫 疑周地成届封投 保方最届殿属的憨韵。但如果任由保除人针封投保方 的任何微小的不富行扇或者客觏危险的细微燮化而主 眼解除合同,不馑侵犯了投保方簸 保险合同的合理 期待利益,使被保除人失去了凰除的保障,而且破壤 了保除交易的稳定性,同接地影窖了保 人的形象和 殷格的。新修 的《保除法》亦考虑到了上述罔 题,通遇封投保人未履行如寅告知羲榜的主靓遇错程 度、引入不可抗辩保款和禁止反言的规其Ⅱ造一步 了保险人的法定解除槿。 (一)投保人的主靓遇错 遇错责任原则是民事法律网系最重要的蹄责原 则。遇错是主靓和客觏要素相结合的概念,是指支配 行羁人徙事在法律上和道德上虑受非鲢行焉的故意和 遇失状憋,即行届人通遇遭背法律和道德的行属表现 出柬的主觏状憋。遇错可以分禺故意和遇失。遇失又 分焉重大遇失和一般遇失丽獯,其中重大遇失是指 完全不注意,或是“缺乏技衍或注意逵到麓人的程 度”。我园《保除法》网于如寅告知的规定也髓现了 遇错蹄寅的精神,新修 的《保除法》把投保人连反 如寅告知羲 责任耩成主觏要件 原柬的“故意或遇 失”修改届“故意或重大迥失”,即祗有富投保人因 故意或重大遇失未履行如寅告知羲耪畴,保除人才有 槿行使法定解除槿,也就是税,投保人因轻微遇失未 履行如寅告知蓑耢不祝禺逮反了告知羲榜,保险人不 得解除保除合同。同睛,《保隐法》退规定投保人 渝是故意遗是重大遇失不履行如寅告知羲 ,其未告 知的箍圉都殷格限定在“足以影警保除人决定是否同 意承保或者提高保险费率”的筢圈内。 (二)不可抗辩保款 不可抗辩保款源于19世纪中菜的英圆,富畴保除 公司寻求通遇引入不可抗辩保款而减轻公聚的檐心, 目的是羁了向公象保恙,投保人相封 恶意的不寅陈 述不合成届拒赔的原因。 僚款的连用搪展十分迅 速,因焉它被视届解决公聚搪心,改善保险人“俸 大的拒付者”形象的一檀手段。在《保除法》修 以 前,嗣于不可抗辩僚款的规定馑限于年龄族告上,圆 内孥者封中圆是否虑富引人不可抗辩僚款也是争输不 断。2003年年底最高人民公布的《网于人民 謇理保险纠纷案件若斡同题的解释(徵求意兄稿)》 款的引入予以韶可。畴隔六年,在保险消费者封毒除 得解除合同;骚生保险事故的,保险人虑富承搪赔偿 (四)保陂人法定解除槿规则之完善 是司法界首次以“徵求意兄稿”的形式封不可抗辩僚 或者给付保险金的责任。 柴的信心成届制约骞险行柴骚展的“瓶颈”畴,新修 新修 的《保除法》中嗣于不可抗辩保款的规 的《保险法》最终以立法的形式碓韶了不可抗辩保 定,虑焉借鐾我圆塞湾地匾《保除法》的相嗣规定而 款在保险合同法律网系中的地位。新《保除法》在投 柬,塞湾地匾《保险法》第64僚第3款规定:前项解 保人如寅告知羲耪规定中,明碓保除人行使合同解除 除契约榷,自保除人知道有解除之原因後,缝遇一侗 榷的期限,规定自保险人知道解除事由之日起,超遇 30日不行使解除槿的,其解除槎消溅;自保除合同生 效之日起超遇雨年的,保除人不得解除合同,即保险 合同经遇雨年,即魇不可抗辩,保险人不得再以投保 人未履行告知羲耪焉由而解除合同。 我圆原《保除法》没有封保险人基于投保人逵反 如寅告知羲膀而享有的合同解除榷规定行使期限,在寅 中,桎少出现保除人在保隐合同上自觅追行行使期限 约定的情形,相反的是由于没有行使期限的,保除 人常常以投保人未履行如寅告知羲耪作届拒绝承搪保险 责任的“莴金油”。新修 的《保险法》增毅的不可抗 辩保款规则,封保除人的法定合同解除槎期限造行了殿 格的,有利于督促保除人及畴行使合同解除槿,稳 定保除合同网系,是保凌保险消费者槿益特别是畏期人 身保险合同的被保险人利益保蓑的重要翠措,封重建保 除消费者信心意羲重大。J/ ̄l-,不可抗辩绦款的引入将 促迄毒险行紫经营管理的改善,促使保险人注重承保柴 耪流程改造和承保凰除的控制,注重售後服耪和保罩稠 查,降低纠纷骚生畿率。 (三)禁止反言制度 在增彀不可抗辩僚款的基磋上,新修 的《保除 法》遐引入了禁止反言制度束保隐人的合同解除 榷。禁止反言是指保险人明知有影磐保除合同效力的 因素或者事寅存在,却以其言辞或行焉误尊不知情的 投保人或被保除人相信保除合同 瑕疵,则保除人不 得再以该因素或者事寅的存在封保险合同的效力提出 抗辩。在保险寅耪中,常出现保险代理人代替投保人 填窟投保罩擅自禺投保人隐瞒某些虑凿告知的事寅或 者保险代理人焉促成柴耪促使投保人相信隐瞒被保除 人的某些虑告知事项可以降低保除费并且不舍影罄保 险合同效力的现象。禺保遵投保人、被保险人的合理 信 利益,新修 的《保除法》规定保除人在合同 立畴已经知道投保人未如寅告知的情况的,保除人不 月不行使而消溅;或契约 立後经遇雨年,即有可以 解除之原因,亦不得解除契约。兹规则的引入成焉新 修 的《保险法》的一大亮黠,使保险人法定解除槿 的规则较之以往有了较大程度的改善,但是仍然 有不足之虎有待于完善: 1.未封保除合同的效力造行规定 新修 的《保除法》网于不可抗辩期同的规定届 “自合同成立之日起超遇雨年的”,但是未封保隐合同 的效力状憋作造一步规定。即若投保人没有履行交纳保 险费的羲耪的情形下是否仍逋用不可抗辩保款的规定, 建菇借鉴圆外立法,明碓不可抗辩傺款的逋用虑以保险 合同至抗辩期同届满畴一直有效届前提像件。 2.未封被保除人的状憋造行规定 新修 的《保除法》没有封在抗辩期同届满睛被 保险人是否存活造行规定,,憷其文羲理解柬看,雨年 的睛同一旦经遇,不管被保除人是否在雨年的期限内 死亡,保险人都不得解除保除合同。遣可能舍尊致被 保除人在投保畴逮反告知羲耪,并在保险合同成立之 後雨年期限内死亡,等到雨年的抗辩期同经遇後再要 求保险公司赔付的现象麈生。徒圆外立法例看,圆外 保除法封“不可抗辩保款”通常有被保除人在不可抗 辩期内仍然生存或没有失能的性规定,建谶将抗 辩期同届满畴被保险人仍然存活作属逋用的骇僚款的 前提保件。 3.未将殿重的欺 行禺作羁不可抗辩僚款逋用的 例外 新修 的《保除法》未封投保人、被保除人的殷 重欺 行属作届逋用不可抗辩僚款的例外,禺降低道 德凰除的骚生,保遘善良投保人、保险人的利益,建 明碴富投保人、被保除人寅施了特别殷重的欺 睛,例如《保除法》第二十七保规定的情形,虑排除 不可抗辩绦款的逋用。(作者任碱于中圆人毒保险股 份有限公司法律舆合规部) 》 the Contract of l nsurance By ZhaoYan The author works for the Legal and Compliance Department of China Life On Feb 28。2009,the revised draft of the Insurance Law of the People’s Republic of China(Insurance Law)was passed at the seventh meeting of the standing committee of the eleventh NPC.On Oct 1,2009,the newly revised Insurance Law officially came into effect.This article started fr0m the Iegitimate dght to terrninate the insurance contract. and discussed briefly on the execution。limitation and improvement of the legitimate right to terminate insurance contract referred in the newly revise lnsurance Law. Right to terminate contract is a right of formation。a kind of right which can directly produce the legal relationship according to the expressed meaning of one side."As soon as the oblige expresses the meaning to the other to vary legal relations.then a corresponding effect will occur automatieclly according to Iaw.with no need of the other party’s act or omission.no agreement or disagreement fr0m the other party.”It is also can be applied to the right to terminate insurance contract.In modem insurance deals。as insurance industry is Mery professionaI and technica1.the insurant are in a disadvantage0us position.1n addition。as insurers are ddven by maximizing interests and may abuse their legitimate right to terrT1jnate ocntracts.Therefore.to protect the interests of lnsurants and insured and balance interests between the wto parties.the Insurance Law made relatively stdct Iimitation to the dght of termination. According to Article 1 5 of the Insurance Law.the insurant may ten_ninate the insurance contract。which can be immediately concluded without agreement of the insure ̄And the insurer is not allowed to terminate the insurance contract except otherwise provided for bv this Iaw or by the insurance contract. 1. 1nsurem’Legitimate Right to Terminate Contract Legitimate right to terminate insurance contract is the right jn accordance with the Insurance Law.which endows insurers with the right to terminate contracts under certain circumstaaces,the conditions are as foIlows: 1)Insu rants Fa_ls to Perform the ObIigations of Making T『_ue Representations In concluding an jnsurance contract.the insurer should explain the contents of the clauses of the insurance contract and may raise inquiries on matters concerning the o ̄ects of insurance or the Insurant.and the insurant shalI make true representations.If the insurant conceals facts deliberately and refuses to perform the obligations of making true representations of fails to perform the obligations of making representati0ns duet to negligence that would be enough to afefct the insurer frOm making the decision of whether or not to agree to accept the insurance or raise the insurance premium.the jnsurer has the dght to terminate the insurance contract.1nsurer may terminate the Insurance contract and refund the premium of equaI value jn accordance with contract.jf the age of the insured declared by the insurant is not reaI or not conforR1 to the age limitation in the ocntract. 2)UnIawful Acts of the Insu rant,lnsured and Beneficiary Unlawful act of insurant。the insured.and the beneficiary Indicates the iIlegaI behavior of them for the purpose of insurance money,by fabriecting occurrence of the insurance or the cause of the accident so as to the insurer a faIse understanding to pay jnsurance money to them.Insurer is entitled to terminate the contract and refuse to refund the premium if the insured or the beneficiary asking the insurer f0r compensation or insurance fund by making up faIsely insured event when no such situations occurred.Insurer is entitled to dissolve the contract and is not liable for ocmpensation or insurance payment when the insurant and the insured person deliberately creating the jnsured event. 31 LIfeInsuranceContractbeValidforTwoYears To prevent efefct failure ofthe insurance contract fr0m remaining a prolonged uncertainty because the insurant and the insured faiI to reach an agreement.1nsurance Law provides that in the cases when the two sides faIl to reach agreement within two years after the termination of the contract,the insurer has the right to terminate the contract and should retum the cash value of the jnsurance policies as agreed upon ln the contract. CHINA LAW 2010/04 [Legal Practice 4) Increasing Risk of the Insurance Object Because of increasing insu rance risk caused by violated the insurance contract signed by the insurant of his reasonable expectations so that the insured Iosing his risk protection,but also undermined the stabillty of the insurance transactions.which indirectly affect the insurer’s image and sound operation of the insurance industry;lf the originaI purpose of the jnsurance contract statutory dissolution system made by Iaw is to give the insurer the chance to escape fr0m unfair jnsurance contract.then the modern jnsurance industry should be legal to lift more emphasis on the benefit of the transferring the insurance subject.the insu rer may add the premium agreed upon in the contract or terminate the contract within thIrty days frOm the date when receiving the transfer notification.0nce the contract js dissolved. the insurer shall refund the deducted part of the received premiums to the insurant according to the contract from the date of the start of insurance Iiability to the termination date of the contract。During the valid period of contract.if the risk of the insurance object having a significant increase.the insured shalI promptly notify the insurer according to the contract who may increase premiums in accordance with the contract or terminate the insurance contract. 51 The Insurant or the lnsured FaiI to Perform Its Due Obligation Concerning the Safety of the Objects lnsured If the insurant or the insured has falied to perform its obligations concerning the safetv of the obiects insured。the jnsurer has the right to demand additionaIjnsurance premium or terminate the contract 6)Part of the Objects lnsured Sustains Losses If part of the objects insured sustaias Iosses.the insurant may terminate the contract within 30 days after the insurer pays the indemnities except otherwise provided fo the Insurer may also terminate the contract.In the case in which the insurer terminates the contract.the lnsurer shalI notify the insured 1 5 days in advance and return the premium on the part not sustaining Iosses to the Insured after deducting the part receivable frOm the date when the insured Iiability starts to the date when the contract fs terminated. 2.LegaI Consequence of the Te rminate of the Insurance Contmct ln theo ry.te rmination of the contract possesses retroactive e仟ect.The Iegal consequence of contract cancellation is to eliminate the effectiveness of the contract in advance.The retroactive effect of insurer to terminate the contract under the Iaw is determined by the fault degree of Insured person or beneficiaries.When the insurant,the insured or the beneficiary intentionally breach the statutory contractuaI obligations or do unlawfuI act for the purpose of premium,the insurer,after exercising the statutory right of cancellation.is not Iiable to the insurance responsibilitY.The paid premium of the insurant shall not be refunded,while the insurance fund has already been paid by the insured or beneficiary shall be returned;negligent breach of statutory obligation by the insurant.the insured or the beneficiary in this case.the paid premiums for shalI be refunded, 3.Restriction of lnsu rers’Legitimate Right Of Termination The consequences of exercising the termination right wU1 waiver the insurer of his compensation responsibility to the future insurance occurrence.which in no doubt wilI become the most severe punishment for the lnsurant.However,_f the insurer dissolve the contract arbitrarily for any inappropriate behavior or slight risk of minor change,which not only 100 insured party,expanding the reverse function of the system. 一-Iim_f the abuse of right to rescind the insurer.Therefore. meanwhile the insurance Iaw In countries allow insurers to exercise the statutory right of cancellation to its relief shalI make strict restrictions to exercising range and conditions of this right.The newly revised Insurance Law is considered the above problems,and make a further restrict to the insurer's statutory right of cancellation by judging the subjective degree of fault of the insurant not performing the obligations, bringing jn Incontestable Clause rules of speech prohibition. 1 1 Insurant’s Subjective Fault Faulty liability principle is the most important principle of imputation in civilIegaI relations.Fault;s a concept combining objective and subjective factors,which is the state that dominates the actor while an act of disapprovaI in law and morality is commi ̄ed deliberately or because of negligence, which is also the subjective state of the actor when violating the Iaw or morality.Fault can be divided into intentional offense and negligence.Negligence can be divided into gross and ordinary negligence.while the former one means total disregard or“lack of techniques or disregard to an extremely terrible extent”.Rules of making honest reDresentatiOn jn China’s Jnsurance Law also show the principle of fault Iiability.The newly revise lnsurance Law changed the subjective elements of insu rant’S failure to make hones reDresentati0ns frOm“intentional offense or negligence”to “intentional offense or gross negligence”,which means that only when insurants deliberately or by gross negligence faiI to perform its obligations to make faithful representation can the insurer has the right of termination.i。e。the insurant will not be regarded as failing to perform its obligation to make honest representation if because of slight negligence,and insurer cannot terminate Insurance contract.Meanwhile, the lnsurance Law also provides that desDite 0f insur丑nt’s fa_lure to make h0nest representa 0n delIberateIy Or due tO grDss negIjgence:the n0tj jng obJjgatjon js st—ctJy}jmjted to inf0rmati0n that w0uId“be en0ugh t0 a仟ect the insurer fr0m makinq the decisiOn Of whe廿1er Or nOt tO agree to accept the insu Ince 0r raise the insurance Dremium”. 21 lncOntestable CIause lnc0ntestable cIause Originated frOm Great B r{tain in the mid一1 9th century when insurance cOmpanies t ried tO intrOduce it tO reduce the pubIic cOncem,aiming t0 guarantee insurant’s untrue reDresentatiOn withOut Il 1will wOuId nOt Iead t0 claim reIection.AppIications of this cIause expands rapidfy, because it was reqa广ded a means tO remOve pubIic w0rries and improve insurer’s image as“great protestor'’.Before the revision of the lnsurance Law.incontestable clause is only limited to wrong information of age。and domestic scholars disputed fiercely about whether China should introduce incontestable clause.At the end of 2003,the Supreme People’s Court issued Explanations on How the People’ s Court Hear Cases of lnsurance Conflict.which is the first time that the legal profession acknowledged introducing incontestable clauses in the form of“draft for comment”.Six years later,insurance consumer’s confidence in lifo insurance validity of insurance contract.To protect interests of insurants and the insured。the newly revised Insurance Law provides that when Insurer already knows the information which insurant hasn’t;nform when the contract is onclcuded,insurer shouldn’t terminate contract and insurer should take the responsibility to pay indemnities or insurance money when an insurance accidents OCCUrs. 41 lmprovement of the Restrictions of lnsu rer’s Legitimate Right of Termination Incontestable clause in the newly revised lnsurance Law has become the bottleneck hampering the development 0f l_fe insurance.The newly revise Insurance Law finally identiifed incontestable clause’s status in insurance contract in the form of legislation.1t provides cleady the valid period of insurer’s right to terminate contract in clauses about insurant’ s obligation to make faithfuI representatiOn,which states that the right of terminate wilI end within 30 days starting fr0m the date when insurer knows the cause;insurer should not terminate contract over two years starting from the date when the insurance contract took effect.1.e.the contract will be incontestable over two years of the contract and insurer shouldn’t terminate the contract due to Insurant’failure to perform its obligation to make faithful representation. China’s odginallnsurance Law didn’t detem1ine the validity duration of insurer’s right of termination based upon insurant’ s right to perform its duty to make faithfuI representations. 1n practice.jnsurer seldom voluntarily foIlows the duration restriction in contract.On the contrary,jnsurer usually use the Insurant’s failure to make fa ful representations as‘'jack_of.all- trades”to refuse to fuIlfll responsibiliyt.The incontestable rule in the newly revised Insurance Law makes strict restrictions of the valid duration of insurer’s right to terrT1inate contract.which is inductive to urge insurer to terminate contract timely and stabilize contract relationship.This js an important measure to protect lnterests of Insurance consumers especially the insured in the long-time liof insurance contract and is of great siQnificant to rebuild consumer’s confidence.In addition. intorducing incontestable clause wilI promote improvement of the management in life insurance industry,encourage insurer to focus on transforming business procedure.controlling nsks and afte ̄sale services and policy,and reduce ocnflict probabiliyt. 3)EstoppeI System On the basis of introducing incontestable clause。the newly ervised Insurance Law also introduce estoppels system to restrict insurer’s right to terminate contract.EstoppeI indicates that when insurer knows clearly the factors or fact which willinfluence the validity of insurance contract. but stilI uses words or acts to mislead insurant or insured to believe that the insurance is flawless.then insurer shouldn’ t enter a plea by using the factor or fact against the validiyt of insurance contract.In practice.1t is common that insurance agents filI policies for insurant and conceaI some facts that should be informed for the insurant.or insurance agents make insurant believe that concealing some information that should be informed can reduce premium and wilI not affect must have learned fr0m related rules in the lnsurance Law in Taiwan.The third provision of Article 64 of lnsurance Law in Taiwan provides that the right of termination will disappear after a month since insurer knows the cause of termination; wto years after the contract concludes,insurer has no right to terminate even there are reasons of termination.Introducing this rule is a highlight of the newly revised Insurance Law。 which has greatly improved the restriction rules of insurer’s Iegitimate right of termination.However,there is stUl room to improve. A.No RuIes about the VaIidity of the lnsu rance Contract lncontestable clause in the newly revised Insurance Law provides it can be applied when the“contract is concluded over two years”,but made no further rules about the validity status of the insurance contract.i.e.whether incOntestabIe clause is stiII applicable if insurant faiIs to perform its obligation to pay the premium.Thus.it is recommended to learn frOm foreign legislations to clarify the application of incontestable clause should be based on the premise that the jnsurance contract remains valid until plea expires. B. No Rules about the Status of the lnsured The revised Insurance Law makes no rules about the existence of the insured when the plea expires.Literally, when two years has passed since the contract is conclude, despite whether the insured is dead within two years.insurer shouldn’t terminate insurance contact.which might lead the insured to violate its obligation to make faithfuI representation. and die within two years,then claim indemnities after the wto years’plea expires.In foreign legislations,the insurance law usually provides restrictive rules of incontestable clause which require the insured to be alive or haven’t Iost ability. Therefore.it is recommended to set the existence of the insured when the plea expiers as premise of the appliaction of incontestable clause. C. Severe Fraud is n0t Listed as ExceDti0n 0f Inc0ntestable CIauses The newIv revised Insurance Law dOesn’t ljst severe fraud 0f the insuranl 0r the insured aS exCeptiOn in apDIying IncOntestable cIause.TO reduce mOraI risk,and prOtect interests Of the insurant and insurer.it is recOmmended t0 cIa r;fv that when the insurant Or tl1e insured cOmmit server fraud such as the cOndItiOn neferned jn ArtlcIe 27.廿1e incOntestabIe cIause sh0uId nOt be aDDIicabIe. 101