小学英语动词第三人称单数形式用法详解

在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。

（一） 什么是一般现在时？一般现在时的基本用法有哪些呢？【一般现在时的功能】

1.暗示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

标记词（时间状语）： always, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday uauslly often,never,hardly.......... 2.暗示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

3.暗示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

（二）哪些主语是第三人称单数? 现归纳总结如下： 一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如： He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 he has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。 It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。

二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如：

①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。 ②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。

③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。 三、单数可数名词或\"this / that / the+单数可数名词\"作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：

①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 ②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 ③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。 ④The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。

四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this,

that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： ①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。

②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。

③This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。

④That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。 五、不成数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如：

①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。 ②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。 六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如： ①\"6\" is a lucky number. \"6\"是个吉利数字。 ②\"I\" is a letter. \"I\"是个字母。 除上述规律外，还应注意下面三点：

1.动词 have ，遇到主语是第三人称单数时，要用 has； 动词 be 的第三人称单数形式是is。2.含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句时，要用 doesn't + 动词原形，如：He goes to school at six in the morning. (变否定句)→ He doesn't go to school

at six in the morning.

3.对含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子提问时，要用助动词 does，如：She goes home at five every day. (对划线部分提问)→ When / What time does she go home every day?

（三）含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句和疑问时怎样变？ 【注意：】只要句子中出现do, does,don’t,doesn’t, 句子中原来

的实意动词要用原形

例如：He likes apples. (改成否定句) He doesn’t likes apples。(错) He doesn’t like apples。(对)

A 否定句：（1）当主语是第一，二或复数时，主语+ don't +动词原形(+其它)。如：

I don't like bread.

（2） 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：

He doesn't often play.

B 一般疑问句：（1）当主语是第一，二或复数时，Do +主语+动词原

形+其它。如：

Do you often play football?

- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

(2) 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如： - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

C特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：

How does your father go to work?

（四）一般现在时------动词第三人称单数形式构成规则（一般现在时中主语时第三人称1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”如：

①stop－stops make－makes read－reads play－plays [z]

2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变成“i”，然后在加“es”读[iz] 如：

fly－flies carry－carries study－studies worry－worries

3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为如： teach－teaches watch－watches 4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，如：

go－goes do－does 5、以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词，加“s” 如： close－closes [iz] 6、特殊：

○1. be动词包含：am， is， are。第三人称单数用 is；过去式为 was；复数用are，过去式为were.

○2. 动词 have ，遇到主语是第三人称单数时，要用 has； 动词 be 的第三人称单数形式is。 （五）巩固练习题：

一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式：

sit-- guess-- die-- go--

rush-- reach-- touch-- brush--

fly-- copy-- do-- enjoy-- Tie-- drink-- look-- say-- run--

fix-- live--

have-- wish--play--

teach-- buy-- study--

go-- stay--make-- carry--

cry-- come-- watch--

plant-- fly -- do--

二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays? 7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.

9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12. They _______(have) the same hobby.

13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _______(do) your homework well. 15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.

16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.

17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.

18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.

19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 20. －What day _______(be) it today? － It’s Saturday

三、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)

1. Is your brother speak English? __________________ 2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________ 3. He likes play games after class. __________________ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________

5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________

练习题

练习一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数

drink____go_____stay____make____look___have____pass____carry____come____

watch_____plant_____fly____study____brush___do____teach____meet______ bring___

练习二、将括号里动词的适当形式填入横线上。 1. I ________ in the corridors. (walk) 2. He _________ in the corridors. (run)

3. She ___________ her face once a day. (wash) 4. They ____________ their teeth once a day. (brush) 5. You ___________ up your clothes once a day. (hang) 6. We ____________ our home work once a day. (finish) 7. He ____________ rubbish in the classroom. (throw) 8. She _____________ rubbish on the floor. (throw) 9. I _____________ rubbish in the bin. (throw) 10. They ___________ the table once a day. (set) 11. Peter never _________ in the corridors. (run) 12. Mary usually _________ the table. (set)

13. Pat and Ken _________ the plants in the morning. (water) 14. The boy __________ his hair once a day. (comb) 15. Miss Cheng _________ TV at home. (watch)

16. My sister __________ his schoolbag once a day. (pack) 17. My mother _________ dinner for me. (cook)

18. My parents _________ the house at Chinese New Year. (clean)

19. My teachers _________ us some gifts. (give) 20. My friends _________ the table with me. (set) 练习三、选择正确的单词填到括号里。

1. What does Candy __________ (wants,want) to be?

2. He shouldn’t ___________ (throw,throws) rubbish on the

floor.

3. Peter ___________ (help,helps) his mother at home. 4. She never _________ (run,runs) in the corridors. 5. We should __________ (walks,walk) in the corridors. 6. He _________ (don’t,doesn’t) get up early.

7. How often __________ (do,does) your father go to bed? 8. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.

9. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 10.______they ________ (like) the World Cup?

11. What _______they often _______ (do) on Saturdays? 12._______your parents_______ (read) newspapers every day? 13. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.

14. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 15. There _______(be) some water in the bottle. 16. Mike _______(like) cooking.

17. They _______(have) the same hobby.

18. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 19. You always _______(do) your homework well. 20. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.

21. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 22. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.

23. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.

24. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 25. He________ TV every evening. (watch) 26. John ________ like his father. (look) 27. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 练习四、将下列句子改成第三人称He的句型（看例句）

例句：I brush my teeth once a day. ---- 改：He brushes his teeth once a day.

1. I comb my hair twice a day.

______________________________________ 2. They go to school at six in the morning. ______________________________________

3. You wash your face and put on your clothes. _____________________________________ 4. When do you get up?

_____________________________________ 5. How often do you hang up your clothes? ____________________________________ 练习五、句型转换 1.

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句)__________________________________

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(

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__________________________________

9. Do you have a pencil? (把主______________________ 10.

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