Unit 1 The Forces of Nature

‥ ‥‥ ‥‥‥ 题 ‥‥‥ ‥‥ 答 证号‥准考‥‥ ‥‥ 准 ‥ ‥‥‥‥ 不 ‥‥ ‥‥‥ 内 姓名‥‥ ‥‥ 线 ‥‥‥ ‥‥ 封 ‥ ‥‥ 班级 密‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ ‥‥

Unit 1 The Forces of Nature

Ⅰ. Writing

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the relationship between man and nature. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Ⅱ. Translation

攻势已经持续了三天，但是我们并没有取得多少进展。师长命令我们的营(battalion)夜晚绕到敌人后方发起突然袭击。然而，要绕到敌人后方，我们必须越过一片沼泽地(marshland)。我们很多人担心会陷入泥潭之中。我们营长决定冒一下险。所幸由于寒冷天气沼泽地都结上了冰，我们于天亮前到达目的地并从敌人后方发起进攻。这一下扭转了战局。敌人没有戒备，不久便投降了。

_________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ In 1812, Napoleon（拿破仑）led his army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian （俄国的） people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow （莫斯科）, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow — the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter. In 1941, Hitler （希特勒） launched an attack against the

第 1 页Soviet Union （苏联）, as Russia （俄国） then was called. He expected

a short campaign but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet （苏维埃）soldiers. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Ⅲ. Vocabulary and Structure

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1. The Labor Party’s electoral strategy, which was based on a tactical _____ with other minor parties, has proved successful.

A. alliance B. resistance C. assistance D. reliance 2. The government troops recaptured the city from the rebels ______ two thousand causalities.

A. at the time of B. at the rate of C. at the moment of D. at the cost of

3. By a _____ of good luck, Mary, who had been buried in the rubble for more than 26 hours, came out alive.

A. blow B. shock C. stroke D. strike

4. My brother wasn’t badly hurt, but he injured his leg and had to _____ around for a few weeks.

A. walk B. crawl C. creep D. limp

5. The aircraft was subjected to a test of temperatures of ______ 65

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degrees Celsius and plus 120 degrees.

A. micro B. minus C. macro D. minor

6. Tax incentives combined with cheap labor will attract companies to the western _______ of our country away from the east coast. A. registers B. revenges C. regions D. reigns

7. To my surprise, the opening speeches sounded more like ______ of war than offerings of peace.

A. notice B. advice C. information D. declarations 8. After a three-day ______ by the police, the terrorists who had seized the restaurant had to give in.

A. siege B. defense C. attack D. trace

9. Once we stepped off the plane and onto the prairie, we were greeted by a gust of _____ and biting wind.

A. fresh B. soft C. raw D. gentle

10. Being young and impatient, they are inclined to dash into the jaws of danger where an experienced fighter might _______. A. keep his time B. keep the time C. bide the time D. bide his time

11. The harassing budget problems of the past few months have taken their _______ on her health and there are shadows beneath her eyes. A. toll B. gamble C. risk D. cost

12. Workers who have to work on weekends are paid twice the normal wages. And ____ national holidays, they get triple pay.

A. in case B. in the case of C. in any case D. in all cases

Ⅳ. Banked Cloze 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, (1) _____

his Grand Army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce (2)

第 2 页______ of the Russian people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the (3) ______ enemy that met him in Moscow — the raw, (4) _____, bleak Russian winter.

In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, (5) _____ an attack against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was called. Hitler’s military might was (6) ______. His war machine had mowed down resistance in most of Europe. Hitler (7) _____ a short campaign but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers.

The (8) ______ of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign. Napoleon and Hitler both underestimated the (9) _____ of the Russian winter. Snow, ice, and freezing temperatures took their toll on both invading armies. For the Russian people, the winter was an icy (10) ______. A) expected I) severity B) led J) resistance C) devastating K) weaken D) elements L) unequaled E) defender M) heroic F) defensive N) bitter G) launched O) engaged H) desperate

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‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 密 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 封 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 线‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥